Шаблон:Short description
Шаблон:Use Australian English
Шаблон:Use dmy dates
<section begin="Aus infobox" />Шаблон:Infobox election
<section end="Aus infobox" />
The 1998 Australian federal election was held to determine the members of the 39th Parliament of Australia . It was held on 3 October 1998. All 148 seats of the House of Representatives and 40 seats of the 76-seat Senate were up for election. The incumbent centre-right Liberal/National Coalition government led by Prime Minister John Howard of the Liberal Party and coalition partner Tim Fischer of the National Party defeated the centre-left Australian Labor Party opposition led by Opposition Leader Kim Beazley , despite losing the nationwide popular and two-party preferred vote. However, the Australian Labor Party gained seats from the previous election.
Entering parliament at this election were future Prime Ministers Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard , future Liberal deputy leader and future Minister of Foreign Affairs Julie Bishop , future Deputy Prime Minister Wayne Swan and future Speaker Anna Burke .
Background
The election returned the Member of the House of Representatives for its 1998–2001 term and half of Australia's senators, who then served in the 1999–2002 Senate .
Despite winning almost 51 percent of the two-party-preferred vote and regaining much of what it had lost in its severe defeat of two years earlier, Labor fell short of forming government. The government was re-elected with 49.02% of the two-party-preferred vote, compared to 50.98% for the Australian Labor Party, the largest difference of six election results where the winner did not gain a two-party preferred majority, since 2PP results first estimated from 1937.
Файл:1998 Election Australia Gallagher Index.png The Gallagher Index result was 11.33.
The election on 3 October 1998 was held six months earlier than required by the Constitution. Prime Minister John Howard made the announcement following the launch of the coalition's Goods and Services Tax (GST) policy launch and a five-week advertising campaign. The ensuing election was almost entirely dominated by the proposed 10% GST and proposed income tax cuts.
In reaction to One Nation's policies, the other significant parties all agreed to preference against One Nation. One Nation lost its lone house seat when founder and leader Pauline Hanson lost on preferences to Liberal candidate Cameron Thompson in the Queensland electorate of Blair . In Queensland, One Nation polled 14.83% of the Senate vote, sufficient to elect one senator without the need for preferences.Шаблон:Refn
The seat initially went to Heather Hill , but she was subsequently disqualified under Section 44 of the Constitution , and replaced by Len Harris .
The election-eve Newspoll reported Labor on a 53 percent two-party-preferred vote .[1]
On election night of 3 October, the exit poll showed Labor on a 53 percent two-party-preferred vote. Labor made the single biggest gain by an Opposition party following an election defeat; the Coalition's majority was cut from 40 to 12. It was only when the first returns trickled in from Western Australia that the Coalition was assured of another term. The swing across all states would have normally been sufficient for a change of government, but the uneven nature of the swing left Kim Beazley eight seats short of becoming Prime Minister.
The uneven nature of the swing saw Labor getting huge swings in seats that they held prior to the election but not enough in seats needed to gain government.[2]
The election for the division of Newcastle was deferred as the Шаблон:Australian politics/name candidate died on 1 October, two days before the federal election. A supplementary election was held on 21 November , with Labor winning and holding the seat.[3] [4]
Results
House of Representatives results
Файл:Australian House of Representatives elected members, 1998.svg Government (80) Coalition Шаблон:Color box Liberal (64) Шаблон:Color box National (16) Opposition (67) Шаблон:Color box Labor (67) Crossbench (1) Шаблон:Color box Independent (1)
Шаблон:Excerpt
Шаблон:Bar box
Шаблон:Bar box
Шаблон:Bar box
Senate results
Файл:Australian Senate elected members, 1998.svg Government (35) Coalition Шаблон:Color box Liberal (31) Шаблон:Color box National (3) Шаблон:Color box CLP (1) Opposition (29) Шаблон:Color box Labor (29) Crossbench (12) Шаблон:Color box Democrats (9) Шаблон:Color box Greens (1) Шаблон:Color box One Nation (1) Шаблон:Color box Independent (1)
Шаблон:Excerpt
Шаблон:-
House of Representatives preference flows
The Nationals had candidates in 13 seats where three-cornered-contests existed, with 88.89% of preferences favouring the Liberal Party.
One Nation contested 135 electorates with preferences slightly favouring the Liberal/National Coalition (53.66%)
The Democrats contested 144 electorates with preferences slightly favouring Labor (56.72%)
The Greens contested 120 electorates with preferences strongly favouring Labor (73.28%)
Seats changing hands
Seat
Pre-1998
Swing
Post-1998
Party
Member
Margin
Margin
Member
Party
Bass, Tas
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Warwick Smith
4.57
4.63
0.06
Michelle O'Byrne
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Bendigo, Vic
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Bruce Reid
0.88
4.35
3.47
Steve Gibbons
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Bowman, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Andrea West
0.89
4.18
3.29
Con Sciacca
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Braddon, Tas
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Chris Miles
5.69
10.02
4.33
Sid Sidebottom
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Canning, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Ricky Johnston
1.64
5.16
3.52
Jane Gerick
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Capricornia, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
National
Paul Marek
3.46
8.75
5.29
Kirsten Livermore
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Chisholm, Vic
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Michael Wooldridge
2.60
4.67
2.07
Anna Burke
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Cowan, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Richard Evans
4.06
7.62
3.56
Graham Edwards
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Curtin, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Independent
Allan Rocher
7.28
N/AШаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
13.28
Julie Bishop
Liberal
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Dickson, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Tony Smith Шаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
3.90
4.02
0.12
Cheryl Kernot
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Griffith, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Graeme McDougall
1.50
3.93
2.43
Kevin Rudd
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Hume, NSW
Шаблон:Australian party style |
National
John Sharp
4.35
3.71
8.06
Alby Schultz
Liberal
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Kingston, SA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Susan Jeanes
2.01
2.48
0.47
David Cox
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Kalgoorlie, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Independent
Graeme Campbell
10.35
N/AШаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
2.10
Barry Haase
Liberal
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Lilley, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Elizabeth Grace
0.80
3.93
3.13
Wayne Swan
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Lowe, NSW
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Paul Zammit Шаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
2.46
7.09
4.63
John Murphy
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
McMillan, Vic
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Russell Broadbent
2.07
2.64
0.57
Christian Zahra
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Moore, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Independent
Paul Filing
13.28
N/AШаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
4.13
Mal Washer
Liberal
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Northern Territory, NT
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Country Liberal
Nick Dondas
0.37
0.94
0.57
Warren Snowdon
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Oxley, Qld
Шаблон:Australian party style |
One Nation
Pauline Hanson Шаблон:Hsp Шаблон:Efn
0.35
7.85
8.20
Bernie Ripoll
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Paterson, NSW
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Bob Baldwin
0.43
1.65
1.22
Bob Horne
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Stirling, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Eoin Cameron
3.22
4.26
1.04
Jann McFarlane
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Swan, WA
Шаблон:Australian party style |
Liberal
Don Randall
3.63
6.33
2.70
Kim Wilkie
Labor
Шаблон:Australian party style |
See also
Notes
Шаблон:Notelist
References
Шаблон:Reflist
Шаблон:Australian elections
Шаблон:Politics of Australia
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