Английская Википедия:2002 California gubernatorial election
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election Шаблон:ElectionsCA The 2002 California gubernatorial election was an election that occurred on November 5, 2002. Democrat Gray Davis defeated Republican Bill Simon by 5% and was re-elected to a second four-year term as Governor of California. Davis would be recalled less than a year into his next term.
The 2002 gubernatorial primary occurred in March 2002. Gray Davis faced no major competitor in the primary and won the nomination. Simon defeated former Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan in the Republican primary. Gray Davis ran a series of negative ads against Riordan in the primary. Riordan was seen as a moderate and early state polls showed him defeating Gray Davis in the general election.
Primaries
During the 2002 election campaign, Davis took the unusual step of taking out campaign ads during the Republican primaries against Los Angeles mayor Richard Riordan. Davis claimed that Riordan had attacked his record and that his campaign was defending his record.[1] Polls showed that, as a moderate, Riordan would be a more formidable challenger in the general election than a conservative candidate. Polls even showed that Riordan would defeat Davis.[2] Davis attacked Riordan with negative ads in the primary. The ads questioned Riordan's support of anti-abortion politicians and judges.[3][4] The ads pointed out Riordan's position of wanting a moratorium on the death penalty as being to the left of Gray Davis, who strongly supported it.[5][6][7]
In 2000, the United States Supreme Court in California Democratic Party v. Jones struck down California's blanket primary.[8] With the end of the blanket primary, only non-partisans and registered Republicans could vote for Richard Riordan in the 2002 primary. The end of the blanket primary made it more difficult for the more moderate Riordan. It has long been known in politics that primary voters are much more ideological and strongly liberal or strongly conservative than those who vote in the general election.[9]
Additionally, the Republican primary included negative attacks between Bill Jones and Riordan. Jones highlighted in his attack ads against Riordan that Riordan had contributed money to Davis in past campaigns and had called Bill Clinton "the greatest leader in the free world." Riordan's counter ads highlighted that Jones had also contributed money to Davis. By late February 2002, Riordan's strong lead in the Republican primary had begun to slip. In the previous months of the campaign, Riordan focused his ads and energies on campaigning against Gray Davis and defending himself from Davis' attack ads.[5]
Davis' negative ads against Riordan appear to have contributed to Riordan's defeat in the Republican primary by the more staunchly conservative candidate Bill Simon.[10]
Primary results
Final results from the Secretary of State of California.[11]
Democratic
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Republican
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Libertarian
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Others
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General election
Campaign
Davis was re-elected in the November 2002 general election following a long and bitter campaign against Simon, marked by accusations of ethical lapses on both sides and widespread voter apathy.[12] Simon was also hurt by a financial fraud scandal that tarnished his reputation.[13] Davis' campaign featured several negative ads that highlighted Simon's financial fraud scandal.[14] Simon attacked Davis for supposedly fundraising in the Lieutenant Governor's office during his time as Lt. Governor, but the attack backfired when it turned out the photograph had been instead taken in a private home in Santa Monica.[15][16] The 2002 gubernatorial race was the most expensive in California state history with over $100 million spent.[17] Davis' campaign was better financed; Davis had over $26 million in campaign reserves more than Simon in August 2002.[14] Davis won re-election with 47.3% of the vote to Simon's 42.4%. The Simon-Davis race led in the lowest turnout percentage in modern gubernatorial history, allowing for a lower than normal number of signatures required for a recall.[18] Davis won the election but the majority of the voters disliked Davis and did not approve of his job performance.[19][20]
Predictions
| Source | Ranking | As of |
|---|---|---|
| The Cook Political Report[21] | Шаблон:USRaceRating | October 31, 2002 |
| Sabato's Crystal Ball[22] | Шаблон:USRaceRating | November 4, 2002 |
Polling
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample sizeШаблон:Efn |
Margin Шаблон:Nowrap |
Gray Davis (D) |
Bill Simon (R) |
Peter Camejo (G) |
Gary Copeland (L) |
Other / Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SurveyUSA | November 1–3, 2002 | 563 (LV) | ± 4.2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 45% | 39% | 8% | 4% | 5% |
Results
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Results breakdown
| County | Davis | Votes | Simon | Votes | Camejo | Votes | Copeland | Votes | Others | Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|San Francisco | 66.20% | 143,102 | 15.37% | 33,214 | 15.50% | 33,495 | 1.41% | 3,048 | 1.53% | 3,297 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Alameda | 62.83% | 216,058 | 22.22% | 76,407 | 11.03% | 37,919 | 1.91% | 6,558 | 2.02% | 6,959 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|San Mateo | 57.95% | 99,803 | 29.90% | 51,497 | 7.86% | 13,537 | 1.86% | 3,205 | 2.42% | 4,168 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Marin | 56.23% | 49,512 | 27.85% | 24,520 | 12.16% | 10,710 | 1.71% | 1,502 | 2.06% | 1,811 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Santa Cruz | 56.03% | 43,469 | 26.55% | 20,598 | 12.13% | 9,409 | 2.29% | 1,777 | 3.00% | 2,331 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Los Angeles | 55.87% | 953,162 | 34.86% | 594,748 | 4.27% | 72,886 | 2.34% | 39,934 | 2.66% | 45,329 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Santa Clara | 55.33% | 199,399 | 32.43% | 116,862 | 6.69% | 24,097 | 2.62% | 9,430 | 2.94% | 10,608 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Monterey | 54.10% | 47,052 | 36.25% | 31,532 | 4.36% | 3,794 | 2.52% | 2,191 | 2.77% | 2,405 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Imperial | 53.29% | 11,644 | 40.23% | 8,789 | 2.50% | 546 | 1.18% | 258 | 2.80% | 612 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Contra Costa | 53.22% | 140,975 | 35.67% | 94,487 | 6.30% | 16,676 | 2.23% | 5,894 | 2.58% | 6,838 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Solano | 52.40% | 46,385 | 37.86% | 33,516 | 4.56% | 4,038 | 1.49% | 1,316 | 3.69% | 3,267 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Sonoma | 50.39% | 73,079 | 29.93% | 43,408 | 13.51% | 19,599 | 2.14% | 3,097 | 4.03% | 5,845 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|San Benito | 48.89% | 6,049 | 41.73% | 5,163 | 4.07% | 504 | 2.22% | 275 | 3.09% | 382 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Napa | 47.76% | 17,516 | 36.77% | 13,483 | 9.73% | 3,570 | 2.11% | 774 | 3.62% | 1,329 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Yolo | 47.43% | 21,983 | 37.72% | 17,484 | 10.64% | 4,934 | 1.17% | 543 | 3.04% | 1,409 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Lake | 46.71% | 7,424 | 40.64% | 6,459 | 6.07% | 965 | 2.11% | 336 | 4.46% | 709 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Humboldt | 45.44% | 19,499 | 37.56% | 16,118 | 12.05% | 5,170 | 2.24% | 961 | 2.70% | 1,159 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Merced | 44.56% | 18,071 | 47.32% | 19,191 | 1.95% | 792 | 3.40% | 1,379 | 2.77% | 1,125 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Santa Barbara | 44.32% | 50,741 | 46.15% | 52,832 | 5.05% | 5,785 | 2.26% | 2,586 | 2.22% | 2,547 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|San Joaquin | 43.54% | 53,747 | 47.18% | 58,239 | 3.75% | 4,630 | 2.06% | 2,540 | 3.47% | 4,287 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Stanislaus | 43.57% | 41,908 | 47.91% | 46,091 | 3.08% | 2,967 | 1.44% | 1,385 | 4.00% | 3,843 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Mendocino | 43.50% | 10,832 | 33.45% | 8,331 | 16.54% | 4,119 | 2.33% | 581 | 4.18% | 1,041 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Ventura | 43.21% | 83,557 | 47.16% | 91,193 | 3.39% | 6,563 | 2.99% | 5,787 | 3.25% | 6,287 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Del Norte | 43.29% | 2,922 | 45.82% | 3,093 | 3.07% | 207 | 2.44% | 165 | 5.38% | 363 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|San Bernardino | 41.23% | 116,757 | 50.32% | 142,513 | 2.38% | 6,754 | 2.29% | 6,485 | 3.77% | 10,682 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Sacramento | 40.82% | 129,143 | 46.60% | 147,456 | 7.03% | 22,232 | 2.10% | 6,634 | 3.46% | 10,932 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Alpine | 40.89% | 229 | 44.11% | 247 | 7.14% | 40 | 2.68% | 15 | 5.18% | 29 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|San Diego | 40.57% | 268,278 | 51.73% | 342,095 | 2.75% | 18,184 | 2.08% | 13,742 | 2.87% | 18,999 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Riverside | 40.25% | 121,845 | 52.68% | 159,440 | 1.98% | 5,995 | 2.18% | 6,601 | 2.91% | 8,802 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Tuolumne | 38.16% | 6,846 | 51.56% | 9,251 | 4.31% | 773 | 1.83% | 328 | 4.15% | 744 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Fresno | 37.96% | 59,019 | 55.26% | 85,910 | 2.26% | 3,508 | 2.29% | 3,560 | 2.23% | 3,474 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Trinity | 37.23% | 1,833 | 49.17% | 2,421 | 5.52% | 272 | 2.84% | 140 | 5.24% | 258 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Kings | 36.65% | 7,776 | 57.56% | 12,212 | 1.40% | 298 | 1.16% | 246 | 3.22% | 683 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|San Luis Obispo | 36.40% | 29,732 | 53.31% | 43,552 | 5.13% | 4,189 | 1.98% | 1,618 | 3.18% | 2,599 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Mono | 35.99% | 1,064 | 52.50% | 1,552 | 5.21% | 154 | 2.17% | 64 | 4.13% | 122 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Orange | 34.66% | 222,149 | 57.43% | 368,152 | 2.60% | 16,670 | 2.29% | 14,668 | 3.02% | 19,369 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Amador | 34.19% | 4,437 | 53.91% | 6,997 | 5.70% | 740 | 1.90% | 246 | 4.30% | 558 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Tulare | 34.07% | 21,294 | 59.48% | 37,172 | 1.74% | 1,090 | 1.93% | 1,208 | 2.77% | 1,734 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Nevada | 33.93% | 13,338 | 52.33% | 20,573 | 8.39% | 3,297 | 1.89% | 743 | 3.47% | 1,364 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Inyo | 33.62% | 2,114 | 56.73% | 3,567 | 3.34% | 210 | 2.26% | 142 | 4.06% | 255 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Kern | 33.69% | 46,250 | 60.21% | 82,660 | 1.43% | 1,965 | 1.34% | 1,839 | 3.33% | 4,574 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Calaveras | 33.25% | 5,052 | 53.34% | 8,104 | 5.76% | 875 | 2.86% | 434 | 4.80% | 729 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Plumas | 33.06% | 2,598 | 54.85% | 4,310 | 4.84% | 380 | 2.32% | 182 | 4.94% | 388 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Mariposa | 32.78% | 2,126 | 57.36% | 3,720 | 3.32% | 215 | 2.00% | 130 | 4.53% | 294 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Tehama | 32.48% | 5,000 | 58.54% | 9,010 | 2.35% | 361 | 1.65% | 254 | 4.98% | 767 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Siskiyou | 31.87% | 4,972 | 58.40% | 9,112 | 2.80% | 437 | 2.47% | 386 | 4.46% | 696 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Lassen | 31.57% | 2,429 | 58.64% | 4,512 | 2.01% | 155 | 2.16% | 166 | 5.61% | 432 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Butte | 31.63% | 19,437 | 53.22% | 32,706 | 9.70% | 5,963 | 1.71% | 1,050 | 3.74% | 2,301 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Shasta | 31.49% | 15,292 | 58.95% | 28,625 | 2.64% | 1,283 | 1.94% | 942 | 4.98% | 2,417 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Madera | 31.40% | 8,217 | 61.13% | 15,998 | 1.98% | 517 | 1.98% | 517 | 3.52% | 920 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Sutter | 29.85% | 5,782 | 62.08% | 12,024 | 3.20% | 620 | 1.25% | 242 | 3.62% | 702 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Yuba | 29.71% | 3,447 | 59.50% | 6,904 | 3.69% | 428 | 2.15% | 249 | 4.96% | 575 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Placer | 29.66% | 28,495 | 61.03% | 58,623 | 4.85% | 4,657 | 1.56% | 1,500 | 2.90% | 2,781 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|El Dorado | 29.43% | 16,402 | 59.03% | 32,898 | 6.13% | 3,418 | 1.92% | 1,072 | 3.48% | 1,939 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Sierra | 29.21% | 420 | 55.98% | 805 | 5.01% | 72 | 4.66% | 67 | 5.15% | 74 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Colusa | 27.17% | 1,243 | 65.49% | 2,996 | 2.86% | 131 | 1.05% | 48 | 3.43% | 157 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Modoc | 26.62% | 900 | 63.92% | 2,161 | 1.60% | 54 | 1.98% | 67 | 5.89% | 199 |
| align="center" Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Glenn | 25.86% | 1,685 | 65.49% | 4,268 | 2.87% | 187 | 1.47% | 96 | 4.31% | 281 |
Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican
- Alpine (largest municipality: Markleeville)
- Amador (largest municipality: Ione)
- Del Norte (largest municipality: Crescent City)
- Kings (largest community: Avenal)
- Merced (largest community: Merced)
- Mono (largest municipality: Mammoth Lakes)
- Riverside (largest city: Riverside)
- Sacramento (largest municipality: Sacramento)
- San Bernardino (largest town: San Bernardino)
- San Diego (largest community: San Diego)
- San Luis Obispo (largest town: San Luis Obispo)
- Santa Barbara (largest municipality: Santa Barbara)
- Trinity (largest community: Weaverville)
- Ventura (largest city: Ventura)
- San Joaquin (largest city: Stockton)
- Stanislaus (largest community: Modesto)
Notes
References
External links
Шаблон:US Third Party Election Шаблон:United States general elections, 2002 Шаблон:California gubernatorial elections
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Asseo, Laurie. "Court nixes 'blanket' primaries." Salon News. June 26, 2000. Associated Press writer. Accessed on August 13, 2007. http://www.salon.com/politics/2000/06/26/blanket/.
- ↑ Maisel, Sandy. "Closing the Door on Moderation, One Seat at a Time." The Jewish Daily Forward. Friday, August 18, 2006. Accessed on August 13, 2007. http://www.forward.com/articles/1076/.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Economist.com. "Gray Davis." http://www.economist.com/research/backgrounders/displaybackgrounder.cfm?bg=1922064
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Carla Marinucci, Lynda Gledhill, Chronicle Staff Writers. "Davis turns up heat as Simon pares down: New ads roast GOP rival as he trims staff." The San Francisco Chronicle. Friday, August 16, 2002. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/08/16/MN76308.DTL
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Cal Votes 2002 Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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