Английская Википедия:2008 Taiwanese legislative election
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox election
Legislative elections were held in Taiwan on 12 January 2008 to elect the members of the Legislative Yuan. It was the first Legislative Yuan election after the constitutional amendments of 2005, which extended term length from three to four years, reduced seat count from 225 to 113, and introduced the current electoral system.
The results gave the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Pan-Blue Coalition a supermajority (86 of the 113 seats) in the legislature, handing a heavy defeat to then-President Chen Shui-bian's Democratic Progressive Party, which won the remaining 27 seats only. The junior partner in the Pan-Green Coalition, the Taiwan Solidarity Union, won no seats.
Two transitional justice referendums, both of which failed to pass due to low turnout, were held at the same time.
Legislature reform
For the first time in the history of Taiwan, most members of the Legislative Yuan were to be elected from single-member districts: 73 of the 113 members were chosen in such districts by the plurality voting system (first-past-the-post). Parallel to the single member constituencies (not compensating for disproportionality in single-member districts), 34 seats were elected in one national district by party-list proportional representation. For these seats, only political parties whose votes exceed a five percent threshold were eligible for the allocation. Six further seats were reserved for Taiwanese aborigines. Therefore, each elector had two ballots under parallel voting.
The aboriginal members were elected by single non-transferable vote in two 3-member constituencies for lowland aborigines and highland aborigines respectively. This did not fulfill the promise in the treaty-like document A New Partnership Between the Indigenous Peoples and the Government of Taiwan, where each of the 13 recognized indigenous peoples was to get at least one seat, and the distinction between highland and lowland abolished.
The breakdown by administrative unit was:[1]
| Jurisdiction | Seats | Jurisdiction | Seats | Jurisdiction | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taipei City | 8 | Taichung City | 3 | Kaohsiung County | 4 |
| Kaohsiung City | 5 | Changhua County | 4 | Pingtung County | 3 |
| Taipei County | 12 | Yunlin County | 2 | Yilan County | 1 |
| Keelung City | 1 | Nantou County | 2 | Hualien County | 1 |
| Taoyuan County | 6 | Chiayi County | 2 | Taitung County | 1 |
| Hsinchu City | 1 | Chiayi City | 1 | Penghu County | 1 |
| Hsinchu County | 1 | Tainan County | 3 | Kinmen County | 1 |
| Miaoli County | 2 | Tainan City | 2 | Lienchiang County | 1 |
| Taichung County | 5 |
The delimitation of the single-member constituencies within the cities and counties was a major political issue, with bargaining between the government and the legislature. Of the 15 cities and counties to be partitioned (the ten others have only one seat), only seven of the districting schemes proposed by the CEC were approved in a normal way. The eight other schemes were decided by drawing lots: "Taipei and Taichung cities and Miaoli and Changhua counties will adopt the version suggested by the CEC, while Kaohsiung city will follow the consensus of the legislature. Taipei county will follow the proposal offered by the opposition Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taoyuan county will adopt the ruling Democratic Progressive Party's scheme, and Pingtung county will use the scheme agreed upon by the Non-partisan Solidarity Union, People First Party, Kuomintang and Taiwan Solidarity Union."[2]
Impact of the electoral system
The elections were the first held under a new electoral system which had been approved by both major parties in constitutional amendments adopted in 2005, but which one political scientist has argued favored the KMT.Шаблон:Citation needed The rules are set up so that every county has at least one seat, which gave a higher representation for smaller counties in which the KMT traditionally has done well. Northern counties tend to be marginally in favor of KMT, whereas southern counties tend to be strongly for DPP, and the single member system limits this advantage. The partially led to the result that the legislative count was highly in favor of the KMT while the difference in the number of votes cast for the KMT and DPP were less dramatic.[3]
It was considered possible that the 2008 Taiwanese presidential election would be held on the same day as this election, but this was eventually not the case, with the presidential happening 10 weeks later, in March. Two referendums were held on the same date.
Results
Шаблон:Election results Шаблон:Notelist-lr
Legislators elected through constituency and aborigine ballots
Шаблон:Main Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend
| Constituency | Elected candidate(s) | Popular vote | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taipei City Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Ting Shou-chung (丁守中) | 59.81% |
| Taipei City Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Justin Chou | 52.39% |
| Taipei City Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | John Chiang | 60.25% |
| Taipei City Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Alex Tsai | 62.25% |
| Taipei City Constituency 5 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Yu-fang | 58.24% |
| Taipei City Constituency 6 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Diane Lee | 66.80% |
| Taipei City Constituency 7 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Alex Fai (費鴻泰) | 65.79% |
| Taipei City Constituency 8 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lai Shyh-bao | 71.81% |
| Kaohsiung City Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Huang Chao-shun | 58.29% |
| Kaohsiung City Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Kuan Bi-ling | 48.84% |
| Kaohsiung City Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Hou Tsai-feng (侯彩鳳) | 49.13% |
| Kaohsiung City Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lee Fu-hsing | 51.32% |
| Kaohsiung City Constituency 5 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Kuo Wen-chen (郭玟成) | 46.01% |
| Taipei County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Wu Yu-sheng (吳育昇) | 58.38% |
| Taipei County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Shu-fen | 43.17% |
| Taipei County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Yu Tian | 49.51% |
| Taipei County Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lee Hung-chun (李鴻鈞) People First Party | 51.73% |
| Taipei County Constituency 5 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Huang Chih-hsiung | 52.32% |
| Taipei County Constituency 6 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Hung-chih | 56.93% |
| Taipei County Constituency 7 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Wu Chin-chih People First Party | 55.82% |
| Taipei County Constituency 8 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chang Ching-chung (張慶忠) | 59.55% |
| Taipei County Constituency 9 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Te-fu (林德福) | 69.61% |
| Taipei County Constituency 10 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lu Chia-chen | 60.10% |
| Taipei County Constituency 11 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lo Ming-tsai (羅明才) | 69.69% |
| Taipei County Constituency 12 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lee Ching-hua | 51.96% |
| Keelung City | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Hsieh Kuo-liang | 67.79% |
| Yilan County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Chien-jung (林建榮) | 53.12% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Ken-te (陳根德) | 61.76% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Liao Cheng-ching (廖正井) | 54.57% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | John Wu | 63.22% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Yang Li-huan (楊麗環) | 62.42% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 5 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chu Fong-chi | 63.76% |
| Taoyuan County Constituency 6 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Sun Ta-chien (孫大千) | 65.02% |
| Hsinchu County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiu Ching-chun | 66.52% |
| Hsinchu City | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lu Hsueh-chang (呂學樟) | 60.61% |
| Miaoli County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Li Yi-ting | 58.01% |
| Miaoli County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Hsu Yao-chang | 45.62% |
| Taichung County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Liu Chuan-chung | 53.59% |
| Taichung County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Yen Ching-piao | 59.94% |
| Taichung County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Lien-fu (江連福) | 54.95% |
| Taichung County Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Shyu Jong-shyong | 64.00% |
| Taichung County Constituency 5 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Yang Chiung-ying | 57.68% |
| Taichung City Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Tsai Chin-lung (蔡錦隆) | 61.29% |
| Taichung City Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lu Shiow-yen | 57.08% |
| Taichung City Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Daniel Huang (黃義交) People First Party | 54.91% |
| Changhua County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Hsiu-ching | 44.96% |
| Changhua County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Tsang-min (林滄敏) | 60.02% |
| Changhua County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Cheng Ru-fen (鄭汝芬) | 45.33% |
| Changhua County Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Hsiao Ching-tien (蕭景田) | 41.26% |
| Nantou County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Wu Den-yih | 67.12% |
| Nantou County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Ming-chen | 57.93% |
| Yunlin County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Chia-chun (張嘉郡) | 56.24% |
| Yunlin County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chang Sho-wen | 49.11% |
| Chiayi County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Wong Chung-chun | 57.47% |
| Chiayi County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Helen Chang | 57.05% |
| Chiayi City | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Yi-hsiung (江義雄) | 46.70% |
| Tainan County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Yeh Yi-jin (葉宜津) | 54.57% |
| Tainan County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Huang Wei-cher | 59.16% |
| Tainan County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lee Chun-yee | 52.66% |
| Tainan City Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Ting-fei | 50.27% |
| Tainan City Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | William Lai | 51.64% |
| Kaohsiung County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chung Shao-ho People First Party | 53.55% |
| Kaohsiung County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Yi-shih | 55.27% |
| Kaohsiung County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Chi-yu (陳啟昱) | 45.13% |
| Kaohsiung County Constituency 4 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Ling-chun (江玲君) | 50.22% |
| Pingtung County Constituency 1 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Su Chen-ching (蘇震清) | 46.90% |
| Pingtung County Constituency 2 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Wang Chin-shih (王進士) | 56.82% |
| Pingtung County Constituency 3 | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Pan Men-an | 51.30% |
| Hualien County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Fu Kun-chi People First Party | 66.39% |
| Taitung County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Justin Huang | 61.09% |
| Penghu County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Pin-kuan | 50.71% |
| Kinmen County | Chen Fu-hai | 37.31% | |
| Lienchiang County | style="background:Шаблон:Party color"| | Tsao Erh-chung | 49.72% |
| Lowland Aborigine |
Liao Kuo-tung (Шаблон:KMT) |
||
| Highland Aborigine |
Chien Tung-ming (Шаблон:KMT) |
||
- Notes:
- Candidates marked People First Party are People First Party candidates running under the KMT party banner.
- Candidates marked are New Party candidates who joined the Kuomintang with New Party endorsement.
- Most names on the list follow the Tongyong Pinyin romanization used in the Central Election Committee website and may not accurately reflect the candidates' preferred romanization of their name.
Legislators elected through proportional representation and overseas Chinese ballots
- Notes:
- Candidates marked with a ^ are overseas Chinese candidates.
- Elected candidates are marked with a next to their name.
- Candidates with People First Party are People First Party candidates running on a joint ticket with the Kuomintang[4]。
- Шаблон:Green Party Taiwan candidate Wang Fang Ping is endorsed by the coalition Raging Citizens Act Now! (人民火大行動聯盟)[5]。
- Most names on the list follow the Tongyong Pinyin romanization used in the Central Election Committee website and may not accurately reflect the candidates' preferred romanization of their name.
Legislators elected through subsequent by-elections
| Date | Constituency | Outgoing member | Incoming member | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 March 2009 | Miaoli 1 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Li Yi-ting | Kang Shih-ju | |
| 28 March 2009 | Taipei City 6 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Diane Lee | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Nai-shin |
| 26 September 2009 | Yunlin 2 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chang Sho-wen | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Liu Chien-kuo |
| 5 December 2009 | Nantou 1 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Wu Den-yih | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Ma Wen-chun |
| 9 January 2010 | Taichung County 3 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiang Lien-fu (江連福) | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Tony Jian |
| 9 January 2010 | Taitung | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Justin Huang | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Lie Kuen-cheng (賴坤成) |
| 9 January 2010 | Taoyuan 2 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Liao Cheng-ching (廖正井) | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Kuo June-tsung (郭榮宗) |
| 27 February 2010 | Chiayi County 2 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Helen Chang | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Ming-wen |
| 27 February 2010 | Taoyuan 3 | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | John Wu | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Huang Jen-shu (黃仁杼) |
| 27 February 2010 | Hsinchu County | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chiu Ching-chun | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Perng Shaw-jiin |
| 27 February 2010 | Hualien | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Fu Kun-chi People First Party | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | 王廷升 |
| 5 March 2011 | Kaohsiung 4
(Kaohsiung County 3 in 2008) |
style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Chen Chi-yu (陳啟昱) | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Lin Tai-hua (林岱樺) |
| 5 March 2011 | Tainan 4 (Tainan City 2 in 2008) | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | William Lai | style="background: Шаблон:Party color"| | Hsu Tain-tsair |
Impact
With this election the KMT and the Pan-Blue Coalition have more than the two-thirds majority needed to propose a recall election of the President and if NPSU votes are counted with the pan-Blue coalition, more than the three-quarters majority needed to propose constitutional amendments.
Reaction from People's Republic of China
The government of People's Republic of China, which claims sovereignty over Taiwan, remained largely silent on the election result. State media carried brief updates of results and passed no comment on either the referendum or the Kuomintang victory.[6]
The government of China appointed 13 representatives for Taiwan to its own National People's Congress on the same day. These delegates are mostly descendants of Taiwanese who emigrated to the Mainland, or Communist supporters who fled Taiwan. Their positions are ceremonial as the PRC do not exercise effective jurisdiction over Taiwan.[7]
See also
Notes
References
External links
- Results of the legislative election from the Central Election Commission
- BBC News (2008-01-12): Kuomintang in huge win
- BBC News (2008-01-11): Battle lines drawn in Taiwan vote
- The World Next Week by Oxford Analytica (2008-01-10): Taiwan: year of the thaw?
- ↑ Central Election CommissionШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ January 31, 2007.CEC Completes Legislative Constituency Redistricting Шаблон:Webarchive. Taiwan Headlines. Retrieved on 2008-01-12.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 人民火大行動聯盟 - 不分區立委候選人 王芳萍簡介 Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ 新华网专题报道
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
