Английская Википедия:2009 Jeddah floods

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox weather eventШаблон:Infobox weather event/HistoryШаблон:Infobox weather event/EffectsШаблон:Infobox weather event/Footer

Файл:Jeddah Flood - King Abdullah Street.jpg
Tunnel in King Abdullah Street (Jeddah-Saudi Arabia)
Файл:Jeddah map.png
The city of Jeddah, with King Abdulaziz International Airport to the north. The main highways to Mecca run to the southeast. Map scale: approx. Шаблон:Convert from north to south.
Файл:Jeddah 1924.jpg
An engraving of Jeddah from 1924, showing the Jabal al Hejaz mountains behind the city.

Шаблон:Update The 2009 Saudi Arabian floods affected Jeddah, on the Red Sea (western) coast of Saudi Arabia, and other areas of Makkah Province.[1][2] They have been described by civil defence officials as the worst in 27 years.[3] As of 3 January 2010, some 122 people had been reported to have been killed,[4] and more than 350 were missing.[1] Some roads were under a meter (three feet) of water on 26 November, and many of the victims were believed to have drowned in their cars. At least 3,000 vehicles were swept away or damaged.[1][5][6] The death toll was expected to rise as flood waters receded, allowing rescuers to reach stranded vehicles.[7]

More than 70 millimetres (2.76 inches) of rain fell in Jeddah in just four hours on 25 November.[1][5] This is nearly twice the average for an entire year[8] and the heaviest rainfall in Saudi Arabia in a decade.[9] The flooding came just two days before the expected date of the Eid al-Adha festival[3] and during the annual Hajj pilgrimage to nearby Mecca.[10] Business losses were estimated at a billion riyals (US$270 million). The poorer neighbourhoods in the south of Jeddah were particularly hard hit,[11][12] as was the area around King Abdulaziz University. The university was closed for vacation at the time of the floods, preventing even higher casualties.[13]

Geography and hydrology of Jeddah

The city of Jeddah is situated on the Red Sea coast, beneath the northern escarpment of the Red Sea Rift known as the Jabal al Hejaz, which reaches Шаблон:Convert in the region. The population of the city is about 3.4 million (2009 estimate) in an urban area of Шаблон:Convert, giving a population density of Шаблон:Convert. The climate is arid, with most rainfall occurring between November and January, usually as thunderstorms.[14] Шаблон:Clear left

Average monthly rainfall (1951–1983) in Jeddah in millimetres (inches)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
11.2
(0.4) 		4.5
(0.2) 		4.2
(0.2) 		1.0
(0.0) 		0.9
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.0) 		0.6
(0.0) 		18.2
(0.7) 		16.2
(0.6)
Total: 56.1 mm (2.2 in.). Source: Global Historical Climatology Network, version 1

At least eleven wadis converge on the city,[11] and localised flooding is common after rain. The municipality is currently investing 1 billion riyals (US$270 million) in storm drains, but the cost of a full system is estimated at an additional 3 billion riyals (US$800 million).[15] In November 2009, only some 30% of the city was protected against flash flooding and then, often with only one-inch (25-millimetre) pipes.[15]

2009 Hajj pilgrimage

25 November was the first day of the annual four-day Hajj pilgrimage to Islamic holy sites in and around Mecca, for which Jeddah is the main entry point for foreign pilgrims arriving by air or sea. The number of foreigners, as well as Saudi citizens,[16] was slightly lower than in previous years, possibly because of health fears due to the pandemic of H1N1 influenza. However, over 1.6 million are still believed to have made the hajj, with 200,000 coming from Indonesia alone.[9]

According to the Saudi Interior Ministry, none of the flood victims were taking part in the pilgrimage.[1][2] However, the main Haramain expressway between King Abdulaziz International Airport and Mecca was closed on 25 November, stranding thousands of pilgrims. Parts of the Шаблон:Convert highway were reported to have caved in, and the Jamia bridge in eastern Jeddah partially collapsed.[3] The highway remained closed on 26 November amid fears that the bridge would collapse completely.[6]

Rain was unusually heavy in Mecca on 25 November,[10] as well as in nearby Mina, where many pilgrims stay in vast tent cities. The weather had improved by 26 November, and pilgrims had to face "scorching heat" on the plain of Mount Arafat for the second day of the Hajj.[9][17] Hassan Al-Bushra, an epidemiologist at the Cairo office of the World Health Organization, said "there is no evidence" that the rain would worsen the spread of the H1N1 flu virus, a view shared by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).[17]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

See also

Шаблон:Coord

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Шаблон:Citation
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок AAJan3 не указан текст
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Citation
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Citation
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Citation
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Citation
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 Шаблон:Citation
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 Шаблон:Citation
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Citation
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:2009_Jeddah_floods&oldid=12700507