Английская Википедия:2010 Lombard regional election

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Шаблон:Infobox election Шаблон:Politics of Lombardy The 2010 Lombard regional election took place on 28–29 March 2010. The 9th term of the Regional Council was chosen.

Roberto Formigoni, who was the longest-serving President of Region in Italy along with Giancarlo Galan of Veneto, obtained a historic fourth consecutive term. His opponent was Filippo Penati, a Democrat, who was President of the Province of Milan from 2004 to 2009.[1] The Lombard League, that is to say the regional section of Northern League in Lombardy, backed Formigoni in return of the support granted by The People of Freedom to Northern League candidates in Veneto (Luca Zaia) and Piedmont (Roberto Cota).

Minor candidates who were running were Savino Pezzotta for the Union of the Centre,[2] Vito Crimi for Beppe Grillo's movement,[3] Vittorio Agnoletto for the Communist Refoundation Party and Gianmario Invernizzi for New Force. Marco Cappato for the Italian Radicals did not gain enough signatures to back his candidature.[4]

Electoral system

Regional elections in Lombardy were ruled by the "Tatarella law" (approved in 1995), which provided for a mixed electoral system: four fifths of the regional councilors were elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation, using the largest remainder method with a droop quota and open lists, while the residual votes and the unassigned seats were grouped into a "single regional constituency", where the whole ratios and the highest remainders were divided with the Hare method among the provincial party lists; one fifth of the council seats instead was reserved for regional lists and assigned with a majoritarian system: the leader of the regional list that scored the highest number of votes was elected to the presidency of the Region while the other candidates were elected regional councilors.

A threshold of 3% had been established for the provincial lists, which, however, could still have entered the regional council if the regional list to which they were connected had scored at least 5% of valid votes.

The panachage was also allowed: the voter can indicate a candidate for the presidency but prefer a provincial list connected to another candidate.

Council apportionment

According to the official 2001 Italian census, the 64 Council seats which must be covered by proportional representation are so distributed between Lombard provinces.

 BG   BS   CO   CR   LC   LO   MN   MI   MB   PV   SO   VA  total
7 8 4 2 2 1 3 21 5 4 1 6 64

The allocation is not fixed. Remaining seats and votes after proportional distribution, are all grouped at regional level and divided by party lists. The consequent division of these seats at provincial level usually change the original apportionment. Only 43 seats were directly assigned at provincial level, and the final distribution between provinces changed in this way.

 BG   BS   CO   CR   LC   LO   MN   MI   PV   SO   VA  total
+2 +2 = = +1 = = +2 -1 +1 = +7

As it can be seen, the landslide victory of Formigoni's Alliance caused the distribution of seven more seats to the oppositions at provincial level. Bergamo and Brescia received two new seats, Lecco and Milan and Sondrio one each.

Controversies on Formigoni's candidature

Formigoni's candidature, which allowed him a 4th mandate, has been contested by academics and left-wing politicians, as in disregard of Law n. 165/2004, that put a limit of two subsequent mandates to directly-elected Region Presidents. Formigoni was indirectly elected in 1995, but then directly elected in 2000 and 2005. He defends himself stating that the law was not in action when he was first directly elected in 2000, so he should be allowed a 4th mandate. After re-election, his mandate may be overturned by judges later on.[5][6]

Formigoni also sparked controversies when agreeing to put in his majority-premium list, granting her safe election, Nicole Minetti, former showgirl and actual dental hygienist of Silvio Berlusconi, who asked for a political seat for her.Шаблон:Citation needed

Parties and candidates

Political party or alliance Constituent lists Previous result Candidate
Votes (%) Seats
rowspan="3" style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| Centre-right coalition bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | The People of Freedom 34.6 23 Roberto Formigoni
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Northern League 15.8 11
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | The Right Шаблон:N/A Шаблон:N/A
rowspan="6" bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Centre-left coalition bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Democratic Party 27.1 19 Filippo Penati
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Federation of the Greens 2.9 2
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Pensioners' Party 2.6 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Italy of Values 1.4 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Left Ecology Freedom Шаблон:N/A Шаблон:N/A
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Italian Socialist Party Шаблон:N/A Шаблон:N/A
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Federation of the Left (incl. PRC and PdCI) 8.0 4 Vittorio Agnoletto
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Union of the Centre 3.8 2 Savino Pezzotta
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Five Star Movement Шаблон:N/A Шаблон:N/A Vito Crimi
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| New Force Шаблон:N/A Шаблон:N/A Gianmario Invernizzi

Results

The election led to the return to the guide of the Region, for its fourth consecutive term, Communion and Liberation's Roberto Formigoni, supported by the centre-right coalition.

If the mechanisms of electoral law generated a Regional Council very similar to the incumbent one speaking about coalitions, the most relevant change was the five new seats conquered by the League, which obtained its best performance ever. More, the League was strangely penalized by the electoral law, having conquered fewer seats than as it would be with a proportional representation.

The People of Freedom was confirmed as the largest party in the region with 32% of the vote, despite a decline of three points, while Lega Nord took the 26% and Democratic Party the 23%.

Шаблон:Nowrap
Файл:Lombardy Regional Council 2010.svg
Candidates Votes % Seats Parties Votes % Seat
rowspan=5 bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Roberto Formigoni 2,704,364 56.11 8
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| The People of Freedom 1,355,133 31.79 23
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Northern LeagueLombard League 1,117,227 26.21 18
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| The Right 7,008 0.16
Total 2,479,368 58.16 41
rowspan=8 bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Filippo Penati 1,603,666 33.27 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Democratic Party 976,215 22.90 21
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Italy of Values 267,954 6.29 4
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Pensioners' Party 69,932 1.64 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Left Ecology Freedom 59,112 1.39 1
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Federation of the Greens 35,060 0.82
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Italian Socialist Party 13,415 0.31
Total 1,421,688 33.35 27
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Savino Pezzotta 225,849 4.69 bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Union of the Centre 164,078 3.85 3
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Vito Crimi 144,585 3.00 bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Five Star Movement 99,390 2.33
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Vittorio Agnoletto 113,754 2.36 bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color"| Federation of the Left 87,221 2.05
Gianmario Invernizzi 27,358 0.57 New Force 11,281 0.26
Total candidates 4,819,576 100.00 9 Total parties 4,263,026 100.00 71
Source: Ministry of the Interior – Historical Archive of Elections

Шаблон:Bar box Шаблон:Bar box

Results by province

Файл:Lombardia 2010 Coalizioni.png
Election results map. Orange denotes municipalities won by Penati and Blue denotes those won by Formigoni.
Province Roberto Formigoni Filippo Penati Savino Pezzotta Vito Crimi Vittorio Agnoletto Gianmario Invernizzi
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"| style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|
Milan 741,051 (50.25%) 585,722 (39.72%) 50,421
(3.42%)
48,979
(3.32%)
41,376
(2.81%)
7,252
(0.49%)
Brescia 362,187 (58.96%) 178,958 (29.13%) 37,565
(6.11%)
19,215
(3.13%)
12,106
(1.97%)
4,310
(0.70%)
Bergamo 340,527 (61.91%) 145,273 (26.41%) 36,720
(6.68%)
14,777
(2.69%)
10,096
(1.84%)
2,672
(0.49%)
Varese 259,496 (60.51%) 125,111 (29.17%) 20,159
(4.70%)
12,748
(2.97%)
8,926
(2.08%)
2,421
(0.56%)
Monza and Brianza 240,858 (56.32%) 144,246 (33.73%) 17,802
(4.16%)
14,788
(3.46%)
7,815
(1.83%)
2,117
(0.50%)
Como 183,765 (63.41%) 79,757
(27.37%)
12,657
(4.34%)
6,490
(2.23%)
5,599
(1.92%)
2,104
(0.72%)
Pavia 156,750 (57.12%) 88,690
(32.32%)
11,715
(4.27%)
7,483
(2.73%)
7,829
(2.85%)
1,964
(0.72%)
Mantua 100,135 (49.81%) 77,311
(38.46%)
10,574
(5.26%)
6,698
(3.33%)
5,638
(2.80%)
663
(0.33%)
Cremona 99,463
(54.15%)
63,213
(34.42%)
9,520
(5.18%)
4,978
(2.71%)
5,164
(2.81%)
1,333
(0.73%)
Lecco 100,897 (57.38%) 57,861
(32.91%)
8,293
(4.72%)
4,163
(2.37%)
3,808
(2.17%)
795
(0.45%)
Lodi 59,619
(53.80%)
37,837
(34.14%)
5,451
(4.92%)
2,873
(2.59%)
3,633
(3.28%)
1,402
(1.27%)
Sondrio 58,634
(67.57%)
19,687
(22.69%)
4,972
(5.73%)
1,393
(1.61%)
1,764
(2.03%)
325
(0.37%)

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Elections in Lombardy