Английская Википедия:2012 United States Senate election in Virginia

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election Шаблон:ElectionsVA Шаблон:Tim Kaine series The 2012 United States Senate election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Jim Webb retired instead of running for reelection to a second term, and former Democratic governor of Virginia Tim Kaine won the open seat over Republican former senator and governor George Allen.[1][2] Kaine was unopposed for the Democratic nomination, and the Republicans nominated Allen through a primary on June 12, 2012.[3] Allen had previously held this seat for one term before narrowly losing reelection to Webb in 2006.

Republican primary

In Virginia, parties have the option of whether to hold a primary or to nominate their candidate through a party convention. In November 2010, the Virginia GOP announced that it had chosen to hold a primary.[4]

Candidates

Declared

Withdrawn

  • Tim Donner, founder of Horizons Television and LibertyNation.com[9]
  • David McCormick, attorney[10]

Declined

Debates

Three debates between Republican candidates were announced before the primary on June 12, 2012. The debates took place in Richmond, Northern Virginia, and Hampton Roads.[15]

Polling

Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small George
Allen
Other
candidates
Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 400 ±4.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 52% 25% 23%
Public Policy PollingШаблон:Dead link July 21–24, 2011 400 ±4.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 58% 23% 19%
Public Policy Polling December 11–13, 2011 350 ±5.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 53% 25% 22%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small George
Allen
E. W.
Jackson
Bob
Marshall
David
McCormick
Jamie
Radtke
Undecided
Шаблон:Nowrap July 21–24, 2011 400 ±4.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 68% 2% 2% 0% 6% 22%
Public Policy Polling Шаблон:Nowrap 350 ±5.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 67% 2% 3% 2% 5% 21%
Public Policy Polling April 26–29, 2012 400 ±4.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 66% 2% 8% 3% 20%
Washington Post Шаблон:Nowrap 1,101 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 62% 3% 12% 5% 18%

Endorsements

Шаблон:Endorsements box Шаблон:Endorsements box

Results

Шаблон:Election box begin no change Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link no change Шаблон:Election box total no change Шаблон:Election box end


Hank the Cat

On February 27, 2012, a Maine Coon cat named Hank the Cat was announced to be running a write-in campaign as a joke candidate.[16] Hank's campaign raised $16,000 for animal charities throughout the world.[17]

General election

Candidates

Only Allen and Kaine qualified for the ballot.

Debates

David Gregory moderated a debate between Kaine and Allen on September 20, 2012. Topics included partisan gridlock in Washington policy making, job creation, tax policy, and Middle East unrest.[20]

External links

Campaign

Once incumbent U.S. Senator Jim Webb decided to retire, many Democratic candidates were speculated. These included U.S. Congressmen Rick Boucher,[21] Gerry Connolly,[22] Glenn Nye,[23] Tom Perriello[24] and Bobby Scott.[25] However, they all declined and encouraged Kaine to run for the seat, believing he would be by far the most electable candidate. Courtney Lynch, former Marine Corps Officer and Fairfax business consultant[26] and Julien Modica, former CEO of the Brain Trauma Recovery & Policy Institute,[26] eventually withdrew from the election, allowing Kaine to be unopposed in the Democratic primary.

Fundraising

Candidate (party) Receipts Disbursements Cash on hand Debt
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | Tim Kaine (D) $10,390,929 $7,666,452 $2,724,476 $0
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | George Allen (R) $8,015,948 $4,678,004 $3,337,942 $0
Шаблон:Party shading/Independent | Kevin Chisholm (I) $24,165 $24,162 $0 $0
Шаблон:Party shading/Independent | Terrence Modglin (I) $5,655 $5,389 $266 $0
Source: Federal Election Commission[27][28][29][30]

Top contributors

[31]

Tim Kaine Contribution George Allen Contribution Kevin Chisholm Contribution
League of Conservation Voters $76,568 McGuireWoods LLP $76,950 Valu Net $2,475
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld $51,650 Altria Group $64,749 Geolq Inc $1,500
University of Virginia $42,075 Alpha Natural Resources $38,000
McGuireWoods LLP $38,550 Elliott Management Corporation $35,913
Covington & Burling $36,700 Koch Industries $35,000
DLA Piper $31,750 Lorillard Tobacco Company $34,715
Bain Capital $30,000 Alliance Resource Partners $33,500
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom $28,250 Dominion Resources $31,800
Patton Boggs LLP $26,750 Norfolk Southern $31,550
Norfolk Southern $26,000 Boeing $23,750

Top industries

[32]

Tim Kaine Contribution George Allen Contribution Kevin Chisholm Contribution Terrence Modglin Contribution
Lawyers/Law Firms $1,297,792 Retired $709,693 Misc Energy $250 Lawyers/Law Firms $200
Retired $762,722 Real Estate $384,038
Financial Institutions $477,700 Lawyers/Law Firms $348,459
Business Services $373,900 Financial Institutions $299,115
Real Estate $372,829 Leadership PACs $277,000
Lobbyists $287,545 Lobbyists $275,600
Education $282,475 Mining $197,206
Misc Finance $218,600 Oil & Gas $196,400
Leadership PACs $201,500 Insurance $159,065
Entertainment industry $156,279 Misc Finance $157,963

Independent expenditures

In early October 2012, Crossroads GPS announced it would launch a $16 million advertising buy in national races, of which four were this and three other Senate elections.[33]

Predictions

Source Ranking As of
The Cook Political Report[34] Шаблон:USRaceRating November 1, 2012
Sabato's Crystal Ball[35] Шаблон:USRaceRating November 5, 2012
Rothenberg Political Report[36] Шаблон:USRaceRating November 2, 2012
Real Clear Politics[37] Шаблон:USRaceRating November 5, 2012

Polling

Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tim
Kaine (D)
George
Allen (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling November 10–13, 2010 551 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 50% 44% 6%
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% 47% 47% 6%
Washington Post April 28 – May 4, 2011 1,040 ±3.5% 46% 46% 6%
Public Policy Polling May 5–8, 2011 547 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 44% 10%
Quinnipiac June 21–27, 2011 1,434 ±2.6% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 43% 42% 2% 11%
Public Policy Polling July 21–24, 2011 500 ±4.4% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 43% 11%
Quinnipiac September 7–12, 2011 1,368 ±4.0% 44% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 45% 1% 9%
Rasmussen Reports September 28, 2011 500 ±4.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 45% 3% 7%
CNU/Times-Dispatch October 3–8, 2011 1,027 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 44% 42% 3% 12%
Quinnipiac October 3–9, 2011 1,459 ±2.6% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 45% 44% 1% 9%
Public Policy Polling December 10–12, 2011 600 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 42% 11%
Quinnipiac December 13–19, 2011 1,135 ±2.9% 42% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 44% 1% 12%
Mason-Dixon January 16–18, 2012 625 ±3.9% 46% 46% 8%
Quinnipiac Шаблон:Webarchive February 1–6, 2012 1,544 ±2.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 45% 44% 1% 9%
CNU/Times-Dispatch February 4–13, 2012 1,018 ±3.1% 40% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 42% 2% 16%
Rasmussen Reports February 21, 2012 500 ±4.5% 46% 46% 3% 5%
Roanoke College February 13–26, 2012 607 ±4.0% 37% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 45% 19%
NBC News/Marist February 29 – March 2, 2012 2,518 ±2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 48% 39% 14%
Quinnipiac Шаблон:Webarchive March 13–18, 2012 1,034 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 44% 1% 8%
Rasmussen Reports March 20, 2012 500 ±4.5% 44% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 46% 3% 7%
Roanoke College March 26 – April 5, 2012 537 ±4.2% 39% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 46% 15%
Rasmussen Reports April 23, 2012 500 ±4.5% 45% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 46% 4% 5%
Public Policy Polling April 26–29, 2012 680 ±3.8% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 45% 9%
Washington Post April 28 – May 2, 2012 964 ±4% 46% 46% 8%
Marist May 17–20, 2012 1,076 ±3% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 43% 9%
Rasmussen Reports June 3, 2012 500 ±4.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 44% 3% 6%
Quinnipiac May 30 – June 4, 2012 1,282 ±2.7% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 44% 43% 2% 10%
We Ask America June 25, 2012 1,106 ±2.95% 35% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 44% 21%
Public Policy Polling July 5–8, 2012 647 ±3.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 44% 11%
Quinnipiac Шаблон:Webarchive July 10–16, 2012 1,673 ±2.4% 44% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 46% 1% 10%
Rasmussen Reports July 16–17, 2012 500 ±4.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 45% 5% 5%
Quinnipiac Шаблон:Webarchive July 31 – August 6, 2012 1,412 ±2.6% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 48% 46% 6%
Rasmussen Reports August 7, 2012 500 ±4.5% 46% 46% 2% 6%
Public Policy Polling August 16–19, 2012 855 ±3.4% 46% 46% 9%
Rasmussen Reports August 23, 2012 500 ±4.5% 45% 45% 2% 8%
Gravis Marketing September 8–9, 2012 2,238 ±2.2% 43% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 48% 10%
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll September 9–11, 2012 996 ±3.1% 46% 46% 8%
Rasmussen Reports September 13, 2012 500 ±4.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 45% 2% 6%
Washington Post September 12–16, 2012 847 ±4% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 51% 43% 3% 4%
Public Policy Polling September 13–16, 2012 1,021 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 46% 7%
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac Шаблон:Webarchive September 11–17, 2012 1,485 ±2.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 51% 44% 5%
FOX NEWS Poll September 16–18, 2012 1,006 ±3% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 43% 1% 9%
Gravis Marketing September 17, 2012 2,238 ±2.2% 43% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 48% 9%
Huffpost Politics September 20, 2012 1,000 ±3% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 45% 9%
Suffolk University September 24–26, 2012 600 ±4% 44% 44% 12%
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll September 30 – October 1, 2012 969 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 44% 1% 7%
Rasmussen Reports October 4, 2012 500 ±4.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 52% 45% 3%
Public Policy Polling October 4–7, 2012 725 ±3.6% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 51% 44% 5%
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac October 4–9, 2012 1,288 ±2.7% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 51% 44% 5%
We Ask America October 7–9, 2012 1,296 ±2.9% 41% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 46% 13%
NBC/WSJ/Marist Poll October 7–9, 2012 981 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 46% 7%
Rasmussen Reports October 11, 2012 750 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 48% 47% 1% 4%
Old Dominion University September 19 – October 17, 2012 465 ±3.4% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 50% 43% 6%
Rasmussen Reports October 18, 2012 500 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 48% 3%
Rasmussen Reports October 24, 2012 750 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 48% 3%
Washington Post October 22–26, 2012 1,228 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 51% 44% 5%
Roanoke College October 23–26, 2012 638 ±4.0% 42% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 47% 10%
Gravis Marketing October 26, 2012 645 ±3.9% 46% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 48% 5%
CBS/NYT/Quinnipiac October 23–28, 2012 1,074 ±3% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 50% 46% 4%
Reuters/Ipsos October 29–31, 2012 703 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 45% 1% 7%
855 ±3.8% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 50% 38% 1% 11%
WeAskAmerica October 30 – November 1, 2012 1,069 ±3% 50% 50%
NBC/WSJ/Marist November 1–2, 2012 1,165 ±2.9% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 46% 4%
Public Policy Polling November 3–4, 2012 975 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 52% 46% 2%
Rasmussen Reports November 4, 2012 750 ±4% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 47% 1% 4%

Шаблон:Hidden begin

Democratic primary
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Rick
Boucher
Tim
Kaine
Tom
Perriello
Gerry
Connolly
Glenn
Nye
Bobby
Scott
Doug
Wilder
Other/
Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 400 ±4.9% 9% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 53% 9% 3% 1% 9% 8% 9%
11% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 65% 15% Шаблон:Small 9%
General election
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tim
Kaine (D)
Bob
Marshall (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 35% 16%
CNU/Times-Dispatch February 4–13, 2012 1,018 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 39% 28% 4% 29%
Public Policy Polling April 26–29, 2012 680 ±3.8% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 36% 15%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tim
Kaine (D)
Jamie
Radtke (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 33% 17%
Washington Post April 28 – May 4, 2011 1,040 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 57% 31% 1% 9%
Public Policy Polling May 5–8, 2011 547 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 33% 18%
Public Policy Polling July 21–24, 2011 500 ±4.4% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 47% 31% 22%
CNU/Times-Dispatch October 3–8, 2011 1,027 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 46% 32% 3% 19%
Public Policy Polling December 10–12, 2011 600 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 33% 19%
CNU/Times-Dispatch February 4–13, 2012 1,018 ±3.1% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 40% 26% 3% 31%
Public Policy Polling April 26–29, 2012 680 ±3.8% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 50% 35% 15%
with Rick Boucher
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Rick
Boucher (D)
George
Allen (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5 42% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 47% 11%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Rick
Boucher (D)
Bob
Marshall (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 40% 32% 28%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Rick
Boucher (D)
Jamie
Radtke (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 40% 29% 31%
with Tom Perriello
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tom
Perriello (D)
George
Allen (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling November 10–13, 2010 551 ±4.2% 42% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 47% 11%
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% 41% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 48% 11%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tom
Perriello (D)
Bob
Marshall (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 39% 35% 26%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Tom
Periello (D)
Jamie
Radtke (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling February 24–27, 2011 524 ±3.5% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 40% 32% 28%
with Bobby Scott
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Bobby
Scott (D)
George
Allen (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling May 5–8, 2011 547 ±4.2% 39% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 44% 17%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Bobby
Scott (D)
Jamie
Radtke (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling May 5–8, 2011 547 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 39% 34% 27%
with Jim Webb
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Jim
Webb (D)
George
Allen (R)
Other Undecided
Шаблон:Dead link Public Policy PollingШаблон:Dead link July 31 – August 3, 2009 579 43% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 44% 13%
Public Policy Polling November 10–13, 2010 551 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 49% 45% 6%
Clarus Research Group December 7–9, 2010 600 ±4.0% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 41% 40% 19%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Jim
Webb (D)
Bill
Bolling (R)
Other Undecided
Public Policy Polling November 10–13, 2010 551 ±4.2% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic | 48% 39% 12%
Poll source Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small Jim
Webb (D)
Bob
McDonnell (R)
Other Undecided
Clarus Research Group December 7–9, 2010 600 ±4.0% 39% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican | 42% 19%

Шаблон:Hidden end

Results

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box write-in with party link Шаблон:Election box total Шаблон:Election box hold with party link no swing Шаблон:Election box end

Counties and independent cities that flipped from Democratic to Republican

Counties and independent cities that flipped from Republican to Democratic

By congressional district

Kaine won 6 of 11 congressional districts, including three held by Republicans.[38]

District Allen Kaine Representative
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Ushr 52.75% 47.25% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Rob Wittman
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 47.94% 52.06% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Scott Rigell
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 20.65% 79.35% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Robert C. Scott
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 49.92% 50.08% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Randy Forbes
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Ushr 52.96% 47.04% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Robert Hurt
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Ushr 59.04% 40.96% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Bob Goodlatte
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Ushr 55.17% 44.83% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Eric Cantor
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 30.54% 69.46% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Jim Moran
Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Ushr 61.86% 38.14% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Morgan Griffith
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 49.55% 50.45% Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Frank Wolf
Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Ushr 36.24% 63.76% Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Gerry Connolly

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Official campaign websites

Шаблон:2012 United States elections Шаблон:Tim Kaine

  1. "Kaine hits the road to tout economic plan", The Washington Post.
  2. Шаблон:Cite web
  3. Шаблон:Cite news
  4. Шаблон:Cite news
  5. 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  6. Sherfinski, David (May 8, 2011) http://washingtonexaminer.com/local/virginia/2011/05/dark-horse-candidates-expand-gop-field-va-senate-raceШаблон:Dead link Retrieved May 9, 2011
  7. GOP State Delegate Bob Marshall to Enter Va. Senate Race : Roll Call Politics
  8. Шаблон:Cite news
  9. Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
  10. Шаблон:Cite news
  11. Шаблон:Cite web
  12. Шаблон:Cite news
  13. Шаблон:Cite web
  14. Corey Stewart Endorses George Allen in Virginia : Roll Call Politics
  15. Шаблон:Cite news
  16. Шаблон:Cite web
  17. Шаблон:Cite web
  18. Cillizza, Chris (April 5, 2011) "Tim Kaine announces for Senate in Virginia", Washington Post. Retrieved April 5, 2011.
  19. O'Brien, Michael (April 5, 2011) "Tim Kaine launches Virginia Senate bid", The Hill. Retrieved April 5, 2011
  20. Шаблон:Cite news
  21. Шаблон:Cite web
  22. Шаблон:Cite web
  23. Шаблон:Cite web
  24. Шаблон:Cite news
  25. Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
  26. 26,0 26,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  27. Tim Kaine Campaign Finances
  28. George Allen Campaign Finances
  29. Kevin Chisholm Campaign Finances
  30. Terrence Modglin Campaign Finances
  31. [http://www.opensecrets.org/races/contrib.php?cycle=2012&id=vas1 OpenSecrets
  32. Donors by industry (opensecrets.org)
  33. Шаблон:Cite news
  34. Шаблон:Cite web
  35. Шаблон:Cite web
  36. Шаблон:Cite web
  37. Шаблон:Cite web
  38. Шаблон:Cite web