Английская Википедия:2012 Washington Referendum 74

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Файл:Washington Referendum 74 results by county.png

Results by county. Size shows total votes cast, Approved is green, Rejected is orange

Referendum 74 (R-74 or Ref 74) was a Washington state referendum to approve or reject the February 2012 bill that would legalize same-sex marriage in the state. On June 12, 2012, state officials announced that enough signatures in favor of the referendum had been submitted and scheduled the referendum to appear on the ballot in the November 6 general election. The law was upheld by voters in the November 6, 2012 election by a final margin of 7.4% (53.7% approve, 46.3% reject) and the result was certified on December 5.

Ballot measure

The ballot title read as follows:

The following summary accompanied the ballot measure:

History

Title 26 of the Revised Code of Washington, entitled "domestic relations", governs marriage in Washington state. A 2012 bill, Senate Bill 6239, would legalize same-sex marriage and convert into a marriage on June 30, 2014, any undissolved state registered domestic partnership that does not involve at least one party aged 62 years or older. It also would add language in Section 26.04.010 exempting religious organizations from any requirement to "provide accommodations, facilities, advantages, privileges, services, or goods related to the solemnization or celebration of a marriage". Governor Christine Gregoire signed the engrossed bill on February 13. The bill was scheduled to take effect June 7 – 90 days after the legislative session — but opponents submitted on June 6 the necessary signatures to suspend the bill and require a statewide voter referendum. On June 12, the Washington secretary of state announced that they had submitted enough signatures to place the referendum on the ballot for the November general election.

Support and opposition

Statements for and against the bill are available online as part of the official online voter's guide for the referendum. Per Section 42.17A on "campaign disclosure and contribution", the Washington state Public Disclosure Commission posted campaign information online, including information for referendums and initiatives, showing seven groups registered for approval of the bill and one against. Of these, Washington United for Marriage (WUM) and Preserve Marriage Washington were the most active, for and against the bill, respectively.

WUM lists "a coalition of more than 500 organizations and businesses" on its website. Amazon's Jeff Bezos and his then-wife pledged $2.5 million to support the same-sex marriage law. Steve Ballmer of Microsoft and co-founder Bill Gates each donated $100,000 to the campaign in support as well. Starbucks, Nike, Inc., REI, Alcoa, Expedia, Inc., T-Mobile, Nordstrom, the Seattle Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce, and dozens of other businesses also supported the bill. United States President Barack Obama encouraged support as well.

Opposition to the bill was coordinated largely by the National Organization for Marriage (NOM) and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle, which encouraged support for rejecting the bill among all parishes. Parishes planned "in-pew donations as part of what it is calling Preserve Marriage month" and NOM was expected to bring in additional money from outside the state.

Several newspapers in Washington state supported the bill, with the Seattle Times also launching an interactive social media campaign to encourage readers to support the bill publicly. Other endorsements included the Tacoma News-Tribune, Spokane's The Spokesman-Review, Vancouver's The Columbian, Yakima Herald-Republic, Tri-City Herald, Everett's The Herald, The Olympian, The Wenatchee World, and the Walla Walla Union-Bulletin.

Campaign fundraising

Referendum 74 generated a large number of individual donations which may have surpassed the 2008 record of 13,500 for the Washington Death with Dignity Act. As of July 3, 2012, Referendum 74 sponsor Preserve Marriage Washington (seeking "rejection" votes) had reportedly raised $132,000, while Washington United for Marriage (seeking "approval" votes) raised $1.9 million. As of August, campaign-financing proponentsШаблон:Who showed a 13-to-1 fundraising advantage for same-sex marriage, but a National Organization for Marriage campaign director was confident that $4 million would appear as needed. A Public Disclosure Commission complaint has been filed, accusing both Preserve Marriage Washington and the National Organization for Marriage of having failed to report donations as required by law. As of October 5, 2012, proponents of Referendum 74 Washington United for Marriage have raised $9.4 million in donations and opponents Preserve Marriage Washington have raised about $1 million.

Opinion polls

Various public opinion surveys of Washington residents asked questions regarding same-sex marriage. The questions vary, with some surveys referring directly to Referendum 74 and others asking more general questions. A post-election poll indicated much stronger support for such marriage among women than men across several categories.

Date of opinion poll	Conducted by	Sample size	For	Against	Undecided	Margin of error	Question
October 10–30, 2011	University of Washington Center for Survey Research	938	55%	38%	7%	±3.2%	"Next year, the legislature could pass a law allowing gay and lesbian couples to get married. If that happens, there could be a referendum in which voters would beasked to approve or reject the law. If such a referendum were held today: Would you vote YES – that is, to keep a law in place allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry OR would you vote NO, against the law – to make it so that gay and lesbian couples could not marry?"
January 12–16, 2012	SurveyUSA	617	47%	46%	7%	±4.0%	"If the legislature were to approve marriage for same-sex couples, and you were asked to approve or reject the law, how would you vote?"
February 7–9, 2012	Elway Research	405	51%	45%	4%	±5.0%	"Should gay and lesbian couples have the same legal right to marry as straight couples?"
February 13–15, 2012	SurveyUSA	572	50%	45%	5%	±4.2%	"A new law will allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. If you were asked to approve or reject the law, how would you vote?"
February 16–19, 2012	Public Policy Polling	1,264	50%	46%	4%	±2.76%	"If there was a referendum on the new law legalizing same-sex marriage, would you vote to uphold the law, or would you vote to repeal it?"
May 22–24, 2012	Strategies 360	500	54%	33%	12%	±4.4%	"Do you think it should be legal or illegal for gay and lesbian couples to get married?"
May 29–30, 2012	SurveyUSA	661	40%	37%	23%	±3.9%	"The state legislature has passed a bill to allow same-sex couples to marry, while allowing clergy and religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize or accommodate any marriage ceremony. The issue may appear on the ballot in November as Measure 74, asking voters to approve or reject the bill. If Measure 74 is on the ballot, will you vote to approve the bill? Vote to reject the bill? Or are you not yet sure how you will vote?"
June 14–17, 2012	Public Policy Polling	1,073	51%	42%	7%	±3.0%	"Do you think same-sex marriage should be legal or illegal?"
July 16–17, 2012	SurveyUSA	630	50%	43%	7%	±4.0%	"A new law passed by the legislature would allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. Should this law be approved? Or rejected?"
September 7–9, 2012	SurveyUSA	524	56%	38%	6%	±4.3%	"A new law passed by the legislature would allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. Should this law be approved? Or rejected?"
September 9–12, 2012	Elway Poll	405	51%	37%	12%	±5%	"The legislature passed Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 6239 concerning marriage for same-sex couples, modified domestic-partnership law, and religious freedom, and voters have filed a sufficient referendum petition on this bill. This bill would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony. Should this bill be: Approved...Rejected."
September 28–30, 2012	Survey USA	540	55%	40%	6%	±4.3%	"A new law passed by the legislature would allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. Should this law be approved? Or rejected?"
October 1–16, 2012	University of Washington Center for Survey Research	644	54.1%	38.4%	5.7%	±3.9%	"Statewide ballot referendum seventy-four (74) concerns marriage for same-sex couples. This referendum would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony."
October 12–14, 2012	Survey USA	543	54%	41%	5%	±4.3%	"A new law passed by the legislature would allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. Should this law be approved? Or rejected?"
October 17–20, 2012	Strategies360	500	55%	38%	8%	±4.4%	"Here is the next one. This initiative is called Referendum 74. The legislature passed a bill concerning marriage for same-sex couples, modified domestic-partnership law, and religious freedom, and voters have filed a referendum on this bill. This bill would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony. Should this bill be approved or rejected?"
October 18–21, 2012	Elway Poll	451	49%	45%	6%	±4.5%	"The legislature passed Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 6239 concerning marriage for same-sex couples, modified domestic-partnership law, and religious freedom, and voters have filed a sufficient referendum petition on this bill. This bill would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony. Should this bill be: Approved...Rejected."
October 18–31, 2012	University of Washington Center for Survey Research	632	57.9%	36.9%	5.7%	±3.9%	"Statewide ballot referendum seventy-four (74) concerns marriage for same-sex couples. This referendum would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony."
October 28–31, 2012	Survey USA	555	52%	43%	5%	±4.2%	"A new law passed by the legislature would allow same-sex couples to marry in Washington state. Should this law be approved? Or rejected?"
November 1–3, 2012	Public Policy Polling	932	52%	42%	6%	±3.2%	"Referendum Measure No. 74 deals with Senate Bill 6239, which would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage ceremony. Do you think this bill should be approved or rejected?"

Results

Файл:Leaving Seattle City Hall on first day of gay marriage in Washington 2.jpg

Recently married couples leaving Seattle City Hall are greeted by well-wishers on the first day of same-sex marriage in Washington state.

County breakdown

Breakdown of voting by county

County	Yes	Votes	No	Votes
Adams	28.14%	1,329	71.86%	3,394
Asotin	36.98%	3,641	63.02%	6,205
Benton	36.79%	29,109	63.21%	50,007
Chelan	42.63%	13,624	57.37%	18,337
Clallam	47.51%	17,933	52.49%	19,814
Clark	47.4%	88,870	52.6%	98,637
Columbia	32.15%	726	67.85%	1,532
Cowlitz	41.98%	18,576	58.02%	25,672
Douglas	35.82%	5,336	64.18%	9,559
Ferry	35.3%	1,210	64.7%	2,218
Franklin	31.34%	7,069	68.66%	15,490
Garfield	28.61%	361	71.39%	901
Grant	31.16%	8,518	68.84%	18,820
Grays Harbor	46.16%	13,214	53.84%	15,412
Island	52.24%	21,687	47.76%	19,824
Jefferson	63.74%	12,458	36.26%	7,087
King	67%	638,939	33%	314,639
Kitsap	53.99%	66,271	46.01%	56,470
Kittitas	45.7%	8,215	54.3%	9,760
Klickitat	42.38%	4,278	57.62%	5,816
Lewis	35.17%	11,932	64.83%	21,992
Lincoln	28.47%	1,654	71.53%	4,155
Mason	47.98%	13,498	52.02%	14,632
Okanogan	40.04%	6,662	59.96%	9,977
Pacific	47.31%	4,934	52.69%	5,494
Pend Oreille	33.72%	2,242	66.28%	4,407
Pierce	49.59%	168,656	50.41%	171,453
San Juan	71.16%	7,395	28.84%	2,997
Skagit	50.23%	27,482	49.77%	27,233
Skamania	45.18%	2,430	54.82%	2,949
Snohomish	52.97%	172,744	47.03%	153,358
Spokane	44.34%	98,659	55.66%	123,838
Stevens	31.36%	6,977	68.64%	15,272
Thurston	56.07%	70,285	43.93%	55,070
Wahkiakum	42.44%	946	57.56%	1,283
Walla Walla	39.66%	9,894	60.34%	15,056
Whatcom	55.08%	55,788	44.92%	45,500
Whitman	50.66%	8,554	49.34%	8,330
Yakima	36.36%	27,819	63.64%	48,695

Upon certification, Secretary of State Sam Reed partially credited the referendum for encouraging voter turnout of 81%, the highest in the nation. County offices in King and Thurston counties opened at 12:01 a.m. after the measure was certified, with celebrations in support outside of several government offices, with various same-sex weddings scheduled, free of charge, beginning just after midnight on December 9, just after the mandatory three-day waiting period applying to all Washington weddings.

See also

• Andersen v. King County
• Domestic partnership in Washington state
• LGBT rights in Washington (state)
• Minnesota Amendment 1
• Same-sex marriage in Washington state
• Washington Referendum 71 (2009)

Other same-sex marriage referendums

• Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey, 2017
• 2016 Bermudian same-sex union and marriage referendum
• 2013 Croatian constitutional referendum
• Irish same-sex marriage referendum, 2015
• 2015 Slovak same-sex marriage referendum
• 2015 Slovenian same-sex marriage referendum
• United States:
  • 2008 California Proposition 8
  • Maine:
    • 2009 Maine same-sex marriage referendum
    • 2012 Maine same-sex marriage referendum
  • 2012 Maryland same-sex marriage referendum
  • 2012 Washington same-sex marriage referendum

External links

• Preserve Marriage Washington to reject "redefining marriage"
• Washington United for Marriage to approve "marriage equality"
• November 06, 2012 General Election Results: Referendum Measure No. 74 Concerns marriage for same-sex couples