Английская Википедия:2014 OS393

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Шаблон:Short description

Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox planet

Шаблон:Mp, unofficially designated Шаблон:Mp, Шаблон:Mp and Шаблон:Mp, is a binary trans-Neptunian object in the classical Kuiper belt, the outermost region of the Solar System. It was first observed by the New Horizons KBO Search using the Hubble Space Telescope on 30 July 2014.[1] Until 2015, when the object 486958 Arrokoth was selected, it was a potential flyby target for the New Horizons probe.[2] Estimated to be approximately Шаблон:Convert in diameter,[3] the object has a poorly determined orbit as it had been observed for only a few months.[4]

Discovery and designation

Файл:New Horizons potential targets 1-3.png
The orbits of New Horizons potential targets 1–3. Шаблон:Mp (PT2) is in red. 486958 Arrokoth (PT1) is in blue. Шаблон:Mpl is in green.

Шаблон:Mp was discovered by the New Horizons Search Team with the help of the Hubble Space Telescope[5] because the object has a magnitude of 26.3, which is too faint to be observed by ground-based telescopes. Preliminary observations by the HST searching for KBO flyby targets for the New Horizons probe started in June 2014, and more intensive observations continued in July and August.[6][7] Шаблон:Mp was first discovered in observations on July 30, 2014, but it was designated e31007AI at the time, nicknamed e3 for short.[2][8] Its existence as a potential target of the New Horizons probe was revealed by NASA in October 2014[9][10] and designated PT2, but the official name Шаблон:Mp was not assigned by the Minor Planet Center until March 2015 after better orbit information was available.[2]

Orbit and classification

Шаблон:Mp is a trans-Neptunian object and likely a non-resonant classical Kuiper belt object, also known as "cubewano".[3] It orbits the Sun at a distance of 42.5–45.4 AU once every 291 years and 3 months (106,394 days; semi-major axis of 43.94 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.03 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.[4] As this object has not been observed since October 2014, its orbit remains poorly determined still containing a high uncertainty.[1][4]

The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken on 25 June 2014, by the New Horizons KBO Search team using the Subaru Telescope at Mauna Kea Observatory on Hawaii.[1]

Binary

After the New Horizons probe completed its flyby of Arrokoth, the probe began observations of other nearby surrounding Kuiper belt objects, including Шаблон:Mp. Observations of Шаблон:Mp's brightness variations at high phase angles allowed the New Horizons probe to make a rough determination of its rotation period as well as its shape. As New Horizons observed Шаблон:Mp at phase angles near 90°, it displayed large variations in brightness, indicating that its shape is either extremely elongated or Шаблон:Mp could be a binary system of two separated components. Шаблон:Mp appeared to be possibly a separated binary in a few resolved New Horizons images, but in 2020 this remained inconclusive.[11]

Later work by Hal Weaver in 2021 showed that Шаблон:Mp is indeed a binary, with two components about Шаблон:Cvt in diameter, about Шаблон:Cvt apart.[12][13]

Exploration

Файл:New Horizons KEM Trajectory.png
Trajectory of New Horizons and other nearby Kuiper belt objects

After the New Horizons probe completed its flyby of Pluto, the probe was to be maneuvered to a flyby of at least one Kuiper belt object. Several potential targets were under consideration for the first such flyby. Шаблон:Mp has an estimated mean-diameter between 30 and 55 kilometers, depending on the body's assumed albedo.[3][8] The potential encounter in 2018–2019 would have been at a distance of 43–44 AU from the Sun.[14]

On 28 August 2015, the New Horizons team announced the selection of Шаблон:Mp (later named 486958 Arrokoth) as the next flyby target, eliminating the other possible targets — Шаблон:Mp, Шаблон:Mpl, and Шаблон:Mpl.[2][15][16]

The spacecraft passed Шаблон:Mp in January 2019, at a distance of less than 0.1 AU (15 million km, 9.3 million miles). This makes Шаблон:Mp the second closest KBO observed by New Horizons, after Arrokoth.[17]

Numbering and naming

This minor planet has not been numbered by the Minor Planet Center and remains unnamed.[1]

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Small Solar System bodies Шаблон:New Horizons Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок MPC-object не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок postcard не указан текст
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок johnstonsarchive-TNO-list не указан текст
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок jpldata не указан текст
  5. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Buie-EPSC не указан текст
  6. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок HST-Jul14 не указан текст
  7. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок spacefellowship не указан текст
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Buie-NHKBO-Search не указан текст
  9. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок HST-Oct14 не указан текст
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Wall-2014 не указан текст
  11. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Porter-2020 не указан текст
  12. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Weaver2021 не указан текст
  13. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Dickinson2021 не указан текст
  14. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Lakdawalla-2014 не указан текст
  15. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Discovermagazine не указан текст
  16. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Space.com не указан текст
  17. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Stern-2016 не указан текст
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