Английская Википедия:2016 Bolivian constitutional referendum

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A constitutional referendum was held in Bolivia on Sunday, 21 February 2016. The proposed constitutional amendments would have allowed the president and vice president to run for a third consecutive term under the 2009 Constitution (which would be a fourth consecutive term, including their pre-2009 term). The proposal was voted down by a 51.3% majority.

Background

Файл:Referendo 2016 Bolívia.jpg

A referendum voter

Article 168 of the 2009 constitution allows the President and Vice-President to put themselves forward for re-election only once, limiting the number of terms to two. The governing party, the Movement for Socialism (MAS) sponsored an effort to amend this article. The referendum was authorized by a combined session of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly on 26 September 2015, by a vote of 112 to 41. Law 757, which convenes the February referendum, was passed 113 to 43, and was promulgated on 5 November 2015.

Bolivian elections are conducted under an "act of good governance," which prohibits electoral propaganda in the days before an election, and tightly regulates motorized transport.Шаблон:Citation needed It was illegal to buy or consume alcohol for 48 hours prior to the referendum to ensure voters took note of their decision.

A successful 'yes' vote would have allowed President Evo Morales and Vice President Álvaro García Linera to run for a fourth term in office in 2019. Morales had already been elected three times. The first time, in 2006, is not counted as it was before the two term limit was introduced by the 2009 constitution.

Disinformation campaigns

In the run-up to the referendum, opponents claimed that Morales had fathered an out-of-wedlock child named "Ernesto Fidel Morales" after Ernesto "Che" Guevera and Fidel Castro. The story was "mostly fake news." There had been a relationship, but never a child, and the woman had borrowed a child from her aunt to present to the press in support of the false allegations. Referendum supporters claim that the allegations hurt Morales in the polls.

Opinion polls

Pollster	Date of publication	Yes	No	Undecided
IPSOS	26 October 2015	49%	39%	11%
Mercados y Muestras	5 December 2015	40%	54%	6%
IPSOS	29 December 2015	45%	50%	5%
MORI	11 January 2016	41%	37%	19%
IPSOS	13 January 2016	38%	44%	14%
Captura Consulting	10 February 2016	44%	41%	15%
MORI	12 February 2016	40%	40%	11%
IPSOS		40%	41%	15%
Mercados y Muestras	14 February 2016	28%	47%	25%

Results

Choice	Votes	%
For	2,546,135	48.70
Against	2,682,517	51.30
Invalid/blank votes	262,267	–
Total votes	5,490,919	100
Registered voters/turnout	6,502,069	84.45
Source: OEP

Aftermath

In September 2017 the Movement for Socialism applied to the Plurinational Constitutional Court to abolish term limits. In November the court ruled in favour of their abolition, citing the American Convention on Human Rights. The ruling allowed Morales to run for re-election in the 2019 elections.