Английская Википедия:2016 United States Senate election in California
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox election Шаблон:ElectionsCA Шаблон:Kamala Harris series The 2016 United States Senate election in California was held on November 8, 2016, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of California, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.
Under California's nonpartisan blanket primary law, all candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party. In the primary, voters may vote for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation. In the California system, the top two finishers—regardless of party—advance to the general election in November, even if a candidate receives a majority of the vote in the primary election. Washington and Louisiana have similar "jungle primary" style processes for senators.
Incumbent Democratic Senator Barbara Boxer decided to not run for reelection to a fifth term.[1] This was the first open seat Senate election in California since 1992, when Boxer was first elected.[2] In the primary on June 7, 2016, California Attorney General Kamala Harris and U.S. Representative Loretta Sanchez, both Democrats, finished in first and second place, respectively, and contested the general election. For the first time since direct elections to the Senate began after the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, no Republican appeared on the general election ballot for U.S. Senate in California. The highest Republican finisher in the primary won only 7.8 percent of the vote, and the 10 Republicans only won 27.9 percent of the vote among them.[3]
In the general election, Harris defeated Sanchez in a landslide, carrying 54 of the state's 58 counties, including Sanchez's home county of Orange, although Sanchez held Harris to a margin of less than 1% in the Central Valley counties of Kern and Merced.
Background
Barbara Boxer was reelected with 52.1% of the vote in 2010 against Republican Carly Fiorina. Toward the end of 2014, Boxer's low fundraising and cash-on-hand numbers led to speculation that she would retire.[4][5] On January 8, 2015, she announced that she would not run for reelection.[1]
Candidates
Democratic Party
Declared
- Cristina Grappo[6]
- Kamala Harris, Attorney General of California[7]
- Massie Munroe, engineer[6]
- Herbert G. Peters[6]
- Emory Rodgers, activist[8]
- Loretta Sanchez, U.S. Representative[9]
- Steve Stokes, small business owner and independent candidate for CA-28 in 2014[10]
Withdrew
Declined
- Xavier Becerra, U.S. Representative and candidate for Mayor of Los Angeles in 2001[14]
- Ami Bera, U.S. Representative[15]
- Barbara Boxer, incumbent U.S. Senator[1]
- Julia Brownley, U.S. Representative[15]
- Louis Caldera, former director of the White House Military Office, former United States Secretary of the Army and former state assemblyman[16]
- Tony Cárdenas, U.S. Representative[17][18]
- John Chiang, California State Treasurer, former California State Controller and former member of the State Board of Equalization[19]
- Kevin de León, President pro tempore of the California State Senate[20]
- John Garamendi, U.S. Representative, former Lieutenant Governor of California, former California Insurance Commissioner and former Deputy Secretary of the Interior[21][22]
- Eric Garcetti, Mayor of Los Angeles[1][4][23]
- Jane Harman, director, president and CEO of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, former U.S. Representative and candidate for the governorship in 1998[24][25]
- Jared Huffman, U.S. Representative[26]
- Kevin Johnson, Mayor of Sacramento and former professional basketball player[27]
- Sam Liccardo, Mayor of San Jose[25][28]
- Bill Lockyer, former California State Treasurer and former Attorney General of California[29][30]
- Gloria Molina, former Los Angeles County Supervisor[17]
- Janet Napolitano, president of the University of California, former United States Secretary of Homeland Security and former Governor of Arizona[4]
- Gavin Newsom, Lieutenant Governor of California and former Mayor of San Francisco (running for the governorship in 2018)[31]
- Alex Padilla, Secretary of State of California, former state senator and future U.S. Senator for this seat[5][32]
- Raul Ruiz, U.S. Representative[21][32][33]
- Linda Sánchez, U.S. Representative[18][34]
- Sheryl Sandberg, COO of Facebook[35]
- Adam Schiff, U.S. Representative[36]
- Hilda Solis, Los Angeles County Supervisor, former United States Secretary of Labor and former U.S. Representative[32]
- Jackie Speier, U.S. Representative and candidate for the lieutenant governorship in 2006[32][37][38]
- Darrell Steinberg, former President pro tempore of the California State Senate[20][39]
- Tom Steyer, hedge fund manager, philanthropist and environmentalist[40]
- Eric Swalwell, U.S. Representative[41]
- Mark Takano, U.S. Representative[15]
- Ellen Tauscher, former Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs and former U.S. Representative[42]
- Antonio Villaraigosa, former Mayor of Los Angeles[23][43][44][45]
- Steve Westly, former California State Controller and candidate for the governorship in 2006[24][46] (running for the governorship in 2018)[47]
Endorsements
Republican Party
Declared
- Greg Conlon, businessman[6]
- Tom Del Beccaro, former chairman of the California Republican Party[48][49][50]
- Von Hougo, educator[51]
- Don Krampe, retiree and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2012[52]
- Jerry J. Laws[6]
- Tom Palzer, former city planner[53]
- Karen Roseberry, educator[6]
- George "Duf" Sundheim, former chairman of the California Republican Party[48][54][55]
- Ron Unz, activist and candidate for governor in 1994[56]
- Jarrell Williamson, attorney[6]
- Phil Wyman, former state senator, former state assemblyman, candidate for CA-25 in 1992 and candidate for attorney general in 2014[57][58]
- George C. Yang, businessman[6]
Withdrew
- Rocky Chávez, state assemblyman (running for re-election)[59][60][61][62]
Declined
- Mary Bono, former U.S. Representative[32]
- Tom Campbell, former U.S. Representative, nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2000 and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 1992 and 2010[63]
- Carl DeMaio, former San Diego City Council member, candidate for Mayor of San Diego in 2012 and candidate for California's 52nd congressional district in 2014[64]
- Tim Donnelly, former state assemblyman, Minuteman founder and candidate for governor in 2014[29] (running for CA-08)
- David Dreier, former U.S. Representative[65]
- Larry Elder, talk radio host and attorney[66]
- Kevin Faulconer, Mayor of San Diego[67]
- Carly Fiorina, businesswoman and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2010 (running for President)[2][4][68]
- Darrell Issa, U.S. Representative and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 1998[4][69]
- Ernie Konnyu, former U.S. Representative and former state assemblyman[70]
- Abel Maldonado, former lieutenant governor of California, candidate for California State Controller in 2006, for CA-24 in 2012 and for governor in 2014[17]
- Kevin McCarthy, U.S. Representative and House Majority Leader[23][71]
- Doug Ose, former U.S. Representative[20]
- Pete Peterson, executive director of the Davenport Institute for Public Engagement at Pepperdine University and candidate for Secretary of State of California in 2014[15][72]
- Steve Poizner, former California Insurance Commissioner and candidate for governor in 2010[25]
- Condoleezza Rice, former United States Secretary of State, former United States National Security Advisor and former provost of Stanford University[73]
- Ed Royce, U.S. Representative[20][74]
- Arnold Schwarzenegger, actor and former governor of California[2][75]
- Ashley Swearengin, Mayor of Fresno and candidate for California State Controller in 2014[76]
- Meg Whitman, president and CEO of Hewlett-Packard and nominee for governor in 2010[2][25]
Endorsements
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Green Party
Declared
- Pamela Elizondo[6]
Libertarian Party
Declared
- Mark Matthew Herd, community organizer[6]
- Gail Lightfoot, retired nurse and perennial candidate[6]
Peace and Freedom Party
Declared
- John Thompson Parker[6]
Independent
Declared
- Mikelis Beitiks, climate change activist[77]
- Eleanor Garcia, factory worker[6]
- Tim Gildersleeve[6]
- Clive Grey[6]
- Don Grundmann, chiropractor, chairman of the Constitution Party of California, and perennial candidate[6] (also sought the Constitution Party nomination for President of the United States)
- Jason Hanania, attorney and engineer[6]
- Jason Kraus[6]
- Paul Merritt[6]
- Gar Myers[6]
- Ling Ling Shi, author[6]
- Scott A. Vineberg[6]
Declined
- Angelina Jolie, actress, filmmaker and former Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees[78][79]
Primary election
Fundraising
Шаблон:Unreferenced section The following are Federal Election Commission disclosures through the reporting period ending March 31, 2016.
| Candidate (party) | Receipts | Disbursements | Cash on hand | Debt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $9,749,024 | $4,759,048 | $4,989,977 | $78,900 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $3,251,186 | $921,291 | $2,329,895 | $209,217 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Sortname (R) | $316,560 | $238,612 | $77,946 | $74,465 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Sortname (R) | $532,638 | $475,415 | $57,222 | $181,640 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Sortname (R) | $48,900 | $11,761 | $30,737 | $40,000 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Independent|Шаблон:Sortname (NPP) | $38,916 | $21,554 | $17,361 | $25,000 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Sortname (R) | $21,205 | $13,396 | $7,809 | $9,575 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Independent|Шаблон:Sortname (NPP) | $6,305 | $4,860 | $1,444 | $0 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $4,864 | $4,351 | $762 | $4,742 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $7,246 | $6,988 | $290 | $0 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Republican|Шаблон:Sortname (R) | $2,783 | $2,442 | $241 | $0 |
Polling
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Шаблон:Nowrap error |
Rocky Chavez (R) |
David Dreier (R) |
John Estrada (R) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Adam Schiff (D) |
Ashley Swearengin (R) |
Meg Whitman (R) |
Other | Unde- cided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emerson College Шаблон:Webarchive | April 2–8, 2015 | 881 | Шаблон:Nowrap | 9% | 1% | 1% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 23% | 2% | 4% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 13% | 7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 41% |
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Rocky Chavez (R) |
Del Beccaro/ Sundheim (R) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Adam Schiff (D) |
Ashley Swearengin (R) |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USC Шаблон:Webarchive | February 18–24, 2015 | 1,505 | ± 2.7% | 6% | 5.5%[80] | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 28% | 5% | 9% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 19% | 2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 27% |
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Mary Bono (R) |
David Dreier (R) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Adam Schiff (D) |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling (D)[81][82] | February 6–8, 2015 | 824 | ± ? | 14% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 19% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 34% | 4% | 16% | 14% |
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Adam Schiff (D) |
Ashley Swearengin (R) |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garin-Hart-Yang Research Шаблон:Webarchive[83][84][85] | January 27–29, 2015 | 600 | ± 4 | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 28% | 4% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 31% | 18% | 19% |
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Xavier Becerra (D) |
Rocky Chavez (R) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Condoleezza Rice (R) |
Loretta Sanchez (D) |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling (D)[86] | January 22, 2015 | 627 | ± ? | 3% | 2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 34% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 33% | 4% | 9% | 15% |
| Poll source |
Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Eric Garcetti (D) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Neel Kashkari (R) |
Tom McClintock (R) |
Linda Sánchez (D) |
Jackie Speier (D) |
Tom Steyer (D) |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling (D)[87] | December 29–30, 2014 | 401 | ± ? | 7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 27% | 12% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 28% | 6% | — | 6% | 14% |
| 468 | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 22% | 12% | Шаблон:Party shading/Republican align=center| 29% | 8% | 8% | 4% | 17% |
Results
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General election
Fundraising
The following are Federal Election Commission disclosures through the reporting period ending March 31, 2016.
| Candidate (party) | Receipts | Disbursements | Cash on hand | Debt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $9,749,024 | $4,759,048 | $4,989,977 | $78,900 |
| Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic|Шаблон:Sortname (D) | $3,251,186 | $921,291 | $2,329,895 | $209,217 |
Debates
| Dates | Location | Harris | Sanchez | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 9, 2016 | Cal State LA, Los Angeles, California | Participant | Participant | Full debate – C-SPAN |
Predictions
| Source | Ranking | As of |
|---|---|---|
| The Cook Political Report[88] | Шаблон:Sort | September 9, 2016 |
| Sabato's Crystal Ball[89] | Шаблон:Sort | September 19, 2016 |
| Rothenberg Political Report[90] | Шаблон:Sort | September 2, 2016 |
| Daily Kos[91] | Шаблон:Sort | September 16, 2016 |
| Real Clear Politics[92] | Шаблон:Sort | September 15, 2016 |
Polling
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Loretta Sánchez (D) |
Would not vote |
Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SurveyMonkey | November 1–7, 2016 | 2,712 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 52% | 31% | — | 17% |
| Insights West Шаблон:Webarchive | November 4–6, 2016 | 401 | ± 4.9% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 50% | 28% | — | 22% |
| SurveyMonkey | Oct 31 – Nov 6, 2016 | 2,655 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 51% | 32% | — | 17% |
| SurveyMonkey | Oct 28 – Nov 3, 2016 | 2,528 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 51% | 31% | — | 18% |
| SurveyMonkey | Oct 27 – Nov 2, 2016 | 2,316 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 51% | 31% | — | 18% |
| SurveyMonkey | Oct 26 – Nov 1, 2016 | 2,284 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 51% | 30% | — | 19% |
| SurveyUSA | October 28–31, 2016 | 747 | ± 3.7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 47% | 27% | — | 26% |
| SurveyMonkey | October 25–31, 2016 | 2,505 | ± 4.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 50% | 30% | — | 20% |
| The Field Poll Шаблон:Webarchive | October 25–31, 2016 | 1,498 | ± 3.2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 47% | 23% | 13% | 17% |
| USC Dornsife/Los Angeles Times | October 22–30, 2016 | 697 | ± 3.7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 48% | 31% | 9% | 12% |
| PPIC Statewide Survey | October 14–23, 2016 | 1,024 | ± 4.3% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 42% | 20% | 18% | 20% |
| SurveyUSA | October 13–15, 2016 | 725 | ± 3.7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 45% | 24% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 31% |
| Hoover Institution – Golden State Poll | October 4–14, 2016 | 1,228 | ± 3.3% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 41% | 22% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 37% |
| Sacramento State/CA Counts Шаблон:Webarchive | October 7–13, 2016 | 622 | ± 7.0% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 49% | 24% | 7% | 20% |
| SurveyUSA | September 27–28, 2016 | 751 | ± 3.6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 40% | 29% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 31% |
| PPIC Statewide Survey | September 9–18, 2016 | 1,702 | ± 3.5% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 32% | 25% | 24% | 19% |
| Insights West Шаблон:Webarchive | September 12–14, 2016 | 515 | ± 4.3% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 42% | 28% | 3% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 28% |
| The Field Poll Шаблон:Webarchive | September 7–13, 2016 | 1,426 | ± 3.2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 42% | 20% | 12% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 26% |
| SurveyUSA | September 8–11, 2016 | 712 | ± 3.7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 44% | 27% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 29% |
| SurveyMonkey USC/Los Angeles Times | September 1–8, 2016 | 4,212 | ± 2.0% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 30% | 16% | 16% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 38% |
| Sacramento State/CA Counts | August 15–24, 2016 | 915 | ± 4.0% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 51% | 19% | 6% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 25% |
| SmithJohnson Research Шаблон:Webarchive | August 17–19, 2016 | 500 | ± 4.4% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 41% | 15% | 8% | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 36% |
| PPIC Statewide Survey | July 10–19, 2016 | 1,056 | ± 3.5% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 38% | 20% | 28% | 14% |
| The Field Poll Шаблон:Webarchive | June 8 – July 2, 2016 | 956 | ± 3.2% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 39% | 24% | 15% | 22% |
| SurveyMonkey USC/Los Angeles Times | June 9–10, 2016 | 1,553 | ± 3.5% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 47% | 22% | 26% | 5% |
| The Field Poll Шаблон:Webarchive | May 26–31, 2016 | 1,002 | ± 3.1% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 40% | 26% | 14% | 20% |
| PPIC Statewide Survey Шаблон:Webarchive | May 13–22, 2016 | 996 | ± 4.3% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 34% | 26% | 24% | 15% |
| Gravis Marketing | April 7–10, 2016 | 2,088 | ± 2.1% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 29% | 19% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 52% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris (D) |
David Dreier (R) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling[81][82] | February 6–8, 2015 | 824 | ± ? | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 47% | 42% | — | 10% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Eric Garcetti (D) |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling[87] | December 29–30, 2014 | 869 | ± ? | 20% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 35% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 46% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris (D) |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USC Шаблон:Webarchive | February 18–24, 2015 | 1,505 | ± 2.7% | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 45% | 27% | 3% | 24% |
| Public Policy Polling[81][82] | February 6–8, 2015 | 824 | ± ? | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 45% | 23% | — | 33% |
| Public Policy Polling[86] | January 22, 2015 | 627 | ± ? | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 41% | 16% | — | Шаблон:Party shading/Undecided align=center| 43% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Adam Schiff (D) |
David Dreier (R) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling[81][82] | February 6–8, 2015 | 824 | ± ? | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 43% | 42% | — | 15% |
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Antonio Villaraigosa (D) |
David Dreier (R) |
Other | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Policy Polling[81][82] | February 6–8, 2015 | 824 | ± ? | Шаблон:Party shading/Democratic align=center| 46% | 44% | — | 10% |
Results
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By congressional district
Harris won 47 of the 53 congressional districts, including thirteen held by Republicans. Sanchez won 6, including one held by a Republican and five held by Democrats.[93]
Analysis
Harris stepped down from her Senate seat on January 18, 2021, two days before her inauguration as Vice President. This makes Harris the first US Senator elected to a full six-year term since Barack Obama in 2008 to not finish what would be her sole term. On December 22, 2020, California governor Gavin Newsom appointed California secretary of state Alex Padilla to serve the remainder of Harris' term.[94] Although Harris no longer occupies this Senate seat, she became President of the Senate on January 20, 2021, by virtue of her election as vice president.
Harris is the second incumbent US Senator from this seat to be elected vice president, the first being Richard Nixon in 1952.
See also
References
External links
- Official campaign websites
Шаблон:2016 United States elections Шаблон:California elections Шаблон:Kamala Harris
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,00 6,01 6,02 6,03 6,04 6,05 6,06 6,07 6,08 6,09 6,10 6,11 6,12 6,13 6,14 6,15 6,16 6,17 6,18 6,19 6,20 6,21 Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ 18,0 18,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокsanchez-congendorseне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 20,0 20,1 20,2 20,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 21,0 21,1 Шаблон:Cite web
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<ref>; для сносок4reps-sanchezне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ Half of the sample were offered former state Republican Party Chairman Tom Del Beccaro and the other half were offered former state Republican Party Chairman George Sundheim instead. Del Beccaro took 6% and Sundheim 5%.
- ↑ 81,0 81,1 81,2 81,3 81,4 Poll conducted for the Los Angeles County Young Democrats
- ↑ 82,0 82,1 82,2 82,3 82,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Poll for the California Latino Legislative Caucus, which supports Villaraigosa
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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- ↑ 87,0 87,1 Poll for "allies of one of the potential candidates"
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