Английская Википедия:2020 in spaceflight

This article documents notable spaceflight events during the year 2020. Шаблон:TOC level

Overview

Astronomy and astrophysics

The GECAM A and B satellites were launched on 9 December. They were built for research in electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves.

Exploration of the Solar System

Three missions to Mars were launched in 2020, including two rovers, two orbiters, and a lander. NASA has launched the Mars 2020 mission, which includes the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter, and will cache samples for eventual return to Earth.^[1] The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has launched its Tianwen-1 mission, which includes an orbiter, a lander, a small rover and a group of deployable and remote cameras;^[2] it is China's first mission to another planet using its own delivery vehicle.^[1] Finally, the United Arab Emirates, in partnership with American universities, has launched the Hope Mars Mission orbiter on a Japanese rocket.^[1]

In November, China launched Chang'e 5, the first sample-return mission to the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976. Chang'e 5 used the recently developed Long March 5 heavy-lift rocket. The mission performed the first-ever robotic lunar orbit rendezvous^[3] and returned Шаблон:Cvt of lunar soil and rock samples on 16 December.^[4]

NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission landed on asteroid 101955 Bennu in October to obtain a surface sample for return to Earth. JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission returned samples of 162173 Ryugu to Earth on 5 December 2020, with its re-entry vehicle recovered in Woomera, Australia.^[5]

Heliophysics

One solar mission was launched: ESA's Solar Orbiter, on 10 February 2020, intended to study the Sun's heliosphere.^[6] Parker Solar Probe, launched in 2018, decreased its minimal distance to the Sun further to 14.2 million km.^[7]

Earth sciences satellites

ESA's Sentinel-6 ocean topography measuring satellite was launched on 21 November.

The launch of the TARANIS satellite, planned to study transient events in the Earths atmosphere, failed on 17 November.

Human spaceflight

In the United States, SpaceX's Dragon 2 spacecraft made its first crewed flight to the International Space Station on 31 May 2020 as part of the Commercial Crew Program,^[8] enabling American human orbital spaceflight capability for the first time since the Space Shuttle's retirement in 2011. Dragon 2 became the first commercial system to fly humans to Earth orbit. The second crewed Dragon mission and its first operational mission, Crew-1, launched on 15 November 2020.^[9]

China conducted an uncrewed flight test of a next generation crewed spacecraft in May 2020,^[10] and continues preparations for the 2021 launch of the Tianhe Core Cabin Module of the Chinese Space Station.^[11]

NASA astronaut Christina Koch set a women's record-breaking 328 days spaceflight ending on 6 February 2020. Francisco Rubio holds the all-time American record with 370 days; Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov, still holding the record, had the all-time spaceflight length record of 437 days but died in 2022. Koch also participated in the first all-female spacewalk with Jessica Meir on 18 October 2019.^[12]

Rocket innovation

SpaceX made three atmospheric test flights with prototypes of its fully reusable two-stage-to-orbit vehicle Starship.^[13]^[14]

The trend towards cost reduction in access continued and several rockets made their maiden flights in 2020. Despite the increasing competition the cost of delivering cargo to the ISS went up.^[15]

Satellite innovation

SpaceX started operation of its Starlink constellation in late 2020.^[16] As of 2 December 2020, 955 satellites have been launched and Starlink is in a public beta testing phase. OneWeb planned to start service in 2020 as well,^[17] but filed for bankruptcy in March 2020 after 74 satellites were launched.^[18] OneWeb emerged from bankruptcy and plans to restart launches in December 2020.^[19]

The Mission Extension Vehicle MEV-1 became the first telerobotically-operated spacecraft to service another satellite on-orbit when it completed the first phase of a 5-year mission to extend the life of the Intelsat 901 (I-901) satellite. In February 2020, MEV-1 captured the communications satellite, which had been moved to graveyard orbit some months before. In April 2020, MEV-1 successfully brought Intelsat-901 it back to position in geosynchronous orbit where it is now expected to operate for another five years. This was a space industry first as satellite servicing had previously been accomplished only with on-orbit human assistance, during the missions to service the Hubble Space Telescope in the early 2000s.^[20]

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Suborbital flights

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Launches from the Moon

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Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
29 January^[21]	Parker Solar Probe	4th perihelion
17 February^[22]	Juno	25th perijove of Jupiter
10 April^[22]	Juno	26th perijove
10 April 04:25^[23]	BepiColombo	Gravity assist at Earth
2 June^[22]	Juno	27th perijove
7 June^[24]	Parker Solar Probe	5th perihelion
11 July^[25]	Parker Solar Probe	Third gravity assist at Venus
25 July^[22]	Juno	28th perijove
16 September^[22]	Juno	29th perijove
27 September^[26]	Parker Solar Probe	6th perihelion
16 October 03:58^[27]	BepiColombo	First gravity assist at Venus
20 October^[28]	OSIRIS-REx	Touch-and-go maneuver on Bennu for sampling
8 November^[22]	Juno	30th perijove
28 November	Chang'e 5	Lunar orbital insertion ^[29]
1 December^[30]	Chang'e 5 lander and ascent vehicle	Lunar landing	Sample return mission successfully landed in Mons Rümker region of Oceanus Procellarum, coordinates Шаблон:Coord.
5 December^[31]	Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle and orbiter	Lunar orbit rendezvous	First-ever robotic rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit
5 December ^[32]	Hayabusa2	Sample return to Earth
7 December^[33]	Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle	Lunar impact	Intentional de-orbit following docking and transfer of samples to orbiter and reentry capsule
13 December^[33]	Chang'e 5 orbiter and reentry capsule	Trans-Earth injection
16 December^[33]	Chang'e 5 reentry capsule	Lunar sample return	Perform a skip reentry to reduce the heating loads
26 December	Solar Orbiter	First gravity assist at Venus ^[34]
30 December^[22]	Juno	31st perijove

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start Date/Time	Duration	End Time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks
Шаблон:Nowrap 18:04	7 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	01:33	Шаблон:Nowrap ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap {{#invoke:flag\|icon\|USA}} Jessica Meir	During the 7-hour, 29-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully replaced nickel-hydrogen batteries with newer, more powerful lithium-ion batteries for the power channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays.^[35]
20 January 17:33	6 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	00:31	Expedition 61 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap {{#invoke:flag\|icon\|USA}} Jessica Meir	During the six hour and 58-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully completed the battery upgrade for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. Work included removing the last two nickel-hydrogen batteries from this area of the station's backbone near the port solar array and moving them to an external platform. The batteries will be stored there until they can be disposed of in the next Japanese HTV cargo spacecraft after it delivers tons of supplies to the space station later this year. Meir and Koch also installed the sixth and final new lithium-ion battery, and ground controllers verified the new batteries powered up successfully to provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for station operations.^[36]
25 January 11:04	6 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	17:20	Expedition 61 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap {{#invoke:flag\|icon\|Italy}} Luca Parmitano	During the 6 hour, 16 minute spacewalk, the two astronauts successfully completed leak checks for the cooling system on the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and opened a valve to being pressurizing the system. Preliminary testing shows AMS is responding as expected.^[37]
26 June 11:02	6 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	17:39	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap	The spacewalkers removed five of six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for one of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed two of three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed two of three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries. Mission control reports that the two new batteries are working.Шаблон:PbThe two NASA astronauts completed all the work planned for this first of four spacewalks to replace batteries that provide power for the station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex as well as initial tasks originally planned for the second scheduled spacewalk next Wednesday. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations.^[38]
1 July 11:13	6 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	17:14	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap	During the six hour and one-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts completed half the work to upgrade the batteries that provide power for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations. They successfully moved and connected one new, powerful lithium-ion battery and its adapter place to complete the circuit to the new battery and relocated one aging nickel-hydrogen battery to an external platform for future disposal.^[39]
16 July 11:10	6 hours	17:10	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap	The two NASA astronauts completed all the work to replace batteries that provide power for the International Space Station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations. The spacewalkers removed six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for the second of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed the three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries.^[40]
21 July 11:12	5 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	16:41	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap	The two NASA astronauts installed a protective storage unit that includes two Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) units the Canadian Space Agency's Dextre robot can use to detect leaks of ammonia, which is used to operate the station's cooling system. They removed two lifting fixtures at the base of station solar arrays on the near port truss, or backbone, of the station. The "H-fixtures" were used for ground processing of the solar arrays prior to their launch. They then completed tasks to prepare the outside of the Tranquility module for the arrival later this year of the Nanoracks commercial airlock on a SpaceX cargo delivery mission. They also routed Ethernet cables and removed a lens filter cover from an external camera.^[41]
18 November 15:12	6 hours Шаблон:Nowrap	22:00	Expedition 64 Poisk Airlock	Шаблон:Nowrap Шаблон:Nowrap	Spacewalk was conducted using Poisk Module airlock for the first time in 11 years. This spacewalk includes works in preparation of Pirs module decommissioning and departure: relocated antenna and repositioned instruments Replacement of fluid flow regulator was not done as astronauts were unable to open new module compartment, this task was deferred to a future spacewalk.^[42]

Orbital launch statistics

Шаблон:See also

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket. Launches from the Moon are not included in the statistics.

{{#invoke:Chart|pie chart

 | radius = 100
 | slices = 
   ( 39 : China       : red )
   (  5 : Europe      : navy )
   (  2 : India       : darkorange )
   (  2 : Iran        : darkgreen )
   (  1 : Israel      : teal )
   (  4 : Japan       : white )
   (  0 : North Korea : crimson )
   ( 17 : Russia      : brown )
   (  0 : Ukraine     : yellow )
   ( 44 : USA         : blue )
 | units suffix = 
 | hide group legends = true

}}

Country		Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
	Шаблон:CHN	39	35	4
	Шаблон:EUR	5	4	1
	Шаблон:IND	2	2	0
	Шаблон:IRN	2	1	1
	Шаблон:ISR	1	1	0
	Шаблон:JPN	4	4	0
	Шаблон:RUS	17	17	0	Includes two European Soyuz launches from Kourou, French Guiana by Arianespace.
	Шаблон:USA	44	40	4	Includes seven Electron launches from Mahia
World		114	104	10

By rocket

{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart | float = center | width = 990 | height = 440 | stack = 1 | group 1 = 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 2 = 0: 3:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 3 = 0:0: 5:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 4 = 0:0:0: 7:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 5 = 0:0:0:0: 5:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 6 = 0:0:0:0:20:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 7 = 0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 8 = 0:0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 9 = 0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 10 = 0:0:0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0:0 | group 11 = 0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0 | group 12 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:11:0:0:0:0 | group 13 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 8:0:0:0:0 | group 14 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 6:0:0:0:0 | group 15 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0 | group 16 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0 | group 17 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0 | group 18 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0 | group 19 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0 | group 20 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:13:0:0:0 | group 21 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0:0 | group 22 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0 | group 23 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0 | group 24 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:11 | colors = DarkTurquoise : MediumBlue : Goldenrod : Black : Teal : LightSeaGreen : DarkGreen : Olive : DarkKhaki : HotPink : MediumVioletRed : FireBrick : IndianRed : Salmon : Sienna : Tomato : PaleVioletRed : Pink : Crimson : Chocolate : CornflowerBlue : Gold : SkyBlue : LightGrey | group names = Antares 230+ : Ariane 5 : Atlas V : Electron : Falcon 9 new : Falcon 9 reused : Falcon Heavy : H-IIA : H-IIB : Kuaizhou 1A : Kuaizhou 11 : Long March 2 : Long March 3 : Long March 4 : Long March 5 : Long March 6 : Long March 7 : Long March 8 : Long March 11 : Soyuz-2 (Russia) : Soyuz-ST (Europe) : PSLV : Vega : Others | x legends = Antares : Ariane : Atlas : Electron : Falcon : H-II : Kuaizhou : Long March : R-7 : ILV : Vega : Others | units suffix = _launches }}

By family

Family	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Angara	Шаблон:RUS	1	1	0
Antares	Шаблон:USA	2	2	0
Ariane	Шаблон:EUR	3	3	0
Astra	Шаблон:USA	2	0	2	Maiden flight
Atlas	Шаблон:USA	5	5	0
Ceres	Шаблон:CHN	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Delta	Шаблон:USA	1	1	0
Electron	Шаблон:USA	7	6	1
Falcon	Шаблон:USA	25	25	0
H-II	Шаблон:JPN	4	4	0
Kuaizhou	Шаблон:CHN	4	2	2
LauncherOne	Шаблон:USA	1	0	1	Maiden flight
Long March	Шаблон:CHN	34	32	2
Minotaur	Шаблон:USA	1	1	0
R-7	Шаблон:RUS	15	15	0
Safir	Шаблон:IRN	1	1	0
ILV	Шаблон:IND	2	2	0
Shavit 2	Шаблон:ISR	1	1	0
Simorgh	Шаблон:IRN	1	0	1
Universal Rocket	Шаблон:RUS	1	1	0
Vega	Шаблон:EUR	2	1	1

By type

Rocket	Country	Family	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Angara	Шаблон:RUS	Angara	1	1	0
Antares 200	Шаблон:USA	Antares	2	2	0
Ariane 5	Шаблон:Flag	Ariane	3	3	0
Atlas V	Шаблон:USA	Atlas	5	5	0
Ceres-1	Шаблон:CHN	Ceres	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Delta IV	Шаблон:USA	Delta	1	1	0
Electron	Шаблон:USA	Electron	7	6	1
Falcon 9	Шаблон:USA	Falcon	25	25	0
H-IIA	Шаблон:JPN	H-II	3	3	0
H-IIB	Шаблон:JPN	H-II	1	1	0	Final flight
Kuaizhou	Шаблон:CHN	Kuaizhou	4	2	2
LauncherOne	Шаблон:USA	LauncherOne	1	0	1	Maiden flight
Long March 2	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	11	11	0
Long March 3	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	8	7	1
Long March 4	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	6	6	0
Long March 5	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	3	3	0
Long March 6	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	1	1	0
Long March 7	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	1	0	1
Long March 8	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 11	Шаблон:CHN	Long March	3	3	0
Minotaur IV	Шаблон:USA	Minotaur	1	1	0
PSLV	Шаблон:IND	ILV	2	2	0
Proton	Шаблон:RUS	Universal Rocket	1	1	0
Qased	Шаблон:IRN	Safir	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Rocket 3	Шаблон:USA	Astra	2	0	2	Maiden flight
Shavit 2	Шаблон:ISR	Shavit	1	1	0
Simorgh	Шаблон:IRN	Simorgh	1	0	1
Soyuz-2	Шаблон:RUS	R-7	15	15	0
Vega	Шаблон:Flag	Vega	2	1	1

By configuration

Rocket	Country	Type	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Angara A5 / Briz-M	Шаблон:RUS	Angara	1	1	0
Antares 230+	Шаблон:USA	Antares	2	2	0
Ariane 5 ECA	Шаблон:Flag	Ariane 5	3	3	0
Atlas V 411	Шаблон:USA	Atlas V	1	1	0	Final flight
Atlas V 501	Шаблон:USA	Atlas V	1	1	0
Atlas V 531	Шаблон:USA	Atlas V	1	1	0
Atlas V 541	Шаблон:USA	Atlas V	1	1	0
Atlas V 551	Шаблон:USA	Atlas V	1	1	0
Delta IV Heavy	Шаблон:USA	Delta IV	1	1	0
Ceres-1	Шаблон:CHN	Ceres-1	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Electron	Шаблон:USA	Electron	7	6	1
Falcon 9 Block 5	Шаблон:USA	Falcon 9	25	25	0
H-IIA 202	Шаблон:JPN	H-IIA	3	3	0
H-IIB	Шаблон:JPN	H-IIB	1	1	0	Final flight
Kuaizhou 1A	Шаблон:CHN	Kuaizhou	3	2	1
Kuaizhou 11	Шаблон:CHN	Kuaizhou	1	0	1	Maiden flight
LauncherOne	Шаблон:USA	LauncherOne	1	0	1	Maiden flight
Long March 2C	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 2	3	3	0
Long March 2D	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 2	7	7	0
Long March 2F/T	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 2	1	1	0
Long March 3B/E	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 3	8	7	1
Long March 4B	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 4	5	5	0
Long March 4C	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 4	1	1	0
Long March 5	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 5	2	2	0
Long March 5B	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 5	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 6	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 6	1	1	0
Long March 7A	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 7	1	0	1	Maiden flight
Long March 8	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 8	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 11	Шаблон:CHN	Long March 11	3	3	0
Minotaur IV	Шаблон:USA	Minotaur IV	1	1	0
Proton-M / Briz-M	Шаблон:RUS	Proton	1	1	0
PSLV-XL	Шаблон:IND	PSLV	1	1	0
PSLV-DL	Шаблон:IND	PSLV	1	1	0
Qased	Шаблон:IRN	Qased	1	1	0	Maiden flight
Rocket 3	Шаблон:USA	Rocket 3	2	0	2	Maiden flight
Shavit 2	Шаблон:ISR	Shavit	1	1	0
Simorgh	Шаблон:IRN	Simorgh	1	0	1
Soyuz-2.1a	Шаблон:RUS	Soyuz-2	4	4	0
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M or ST-A	Шаблон:RUS	Soyuz-2	3	3	0
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M or ST-B	Шаблон:RUS	Soyuz-2	8	8	0
Vega	Шаблон:Flag	Vega	2	1	1

By spaceport

{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart | float = center | width = 990 | height = 440 | stack = 1 | group 1 = 13:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 2 = 7:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 3 = 5:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 4 = 13:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 5 = 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 6 = 0: 7:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 7 = 0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 8 = 0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 9 = 0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0 | group 10 = 0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0 | group 11 = 0:0:0:0:0: 4:0:0:0:0 | group 12 = 0:0:0:0:0:0: 7:0:0:0 | group 13 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 7:0:0 | group 14 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 7:0 | group 15 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0 | group 16 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:20 | group 17 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:10 | group 18 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 3 | group 19 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1 | group 20 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2 | group 21 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1 | group 22 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 0 | colors = FireBrick : Crimson : IndianRed : LightCoral : Wheat : MediumBlue : Orange : ForestGreen : LightGreen : Teal : MediumPurple : LightSeaGreen : Black : SteelBlue : LightSteelBlue : Blue : DodgerBlue : DeepSkyBlue : MediumSlateBlue : Indigo : SkyBlue : White | group names = Jiuquan : Taiyuan : Wenchang : Xichang : Yellow Sea : Kourou : Satish Dhawan : Semnan : Shahroud : Palmachim : Tanegashima : Baikonur : Mahia : Plesetsk : Vostochny : Cape Canaveral : Kennedy : MARS : Mojave : PSCA : Vandenberg : | x legends = China : France : India : Iran : Israel : Japan : Kazakhstan : New Zealand : Russia : United States | units suffix = _launches }}

Site	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
Baikonur	Шаблон:KAZ	7	7	0
Cape Canaveral	Шаблон:USA	20	20	0
Jiuquan	Шаблон:CHN	13	11	2
Kennedy	Шаблон:USA	10	10	0
Kourou	Шаблон:FRA	7	6	1
Mahia	Шаблон:NZL	7	6	1
MARS	Шаблон:USA	3	3	0
Mojave	Шаблон:USA	1	0	1
PSCA	Шаблон:USA	2	0	2
Palmachim	Шаблон:ISR	1	1	0
Plesetsk	Шаблон:RUS	7	7	0
Satish Dhawan	Шаблон:IND	2	2	0
Shahroud	Шаблон:IRN	1	1	0	First orbital launch
Semnan	Шаблон:IRN	1	0	1
Taiyuan	Шаблон:CHN	7	7	0
Tanegashima	Шаблон:JPN	4	4	0
Vandenberg	Шаблон:USA	1	1	0
Vostochny	Шаблон:RUS	1	1	0
Wenchang	Шаблон:CHN	5	4	1
Xichang	Шаблон:CHN	13	12	1
Yellow Sea	Шаблон:CHN	1	1	0
Total		114	104	10

By orbit

{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart | float = center | width = 890 | height = 440 | stack = 1 | group 1 = 30:0:0:0:0 | group 2 = 11:0:0:0:0 | group 3 = 32:0:0:0:0 | group 4 = 1:0:0:0:0 | group 5 = 0: 5:0:0:0 | group 6 = 0: 3:0:0:0 | group 7 = 0:0:17:0:0 | group 8 = 0:0:0: 1:0 | group 9 = 0:0:0:0: 4 | group 10 = 0:0:0:0: 0 | colors = Navy : MediumBlue : RoyalBlue : DodgerBlue : LightSeaGreen : SkyBlue : SaddleBrown : DarkGray : Gold : White | group names = Low Earth : Low Earth (ISS) : Low Earth (SSO) : Low Earth (retrograde) : Medium Earth : Molniya : Geosychronous : Lunar transfer : Heliocentric : | x legends = Low Earth : Medium Earth / Molniya : Geosynchronous / transfer : High Earth / Lunar transfer : Heliocentric | units suffix = _launches }}

Orbital regime	Launches	Achieved	Not achieved	Remarks
Transatmospheric	0	0	0
Low Earth / Sun-synchronous	82	74	8	Including flights to the ISS
Geosynchronous / GTO	19	17	2
Medium Earth / Molniya	8	8	0
High Earth / Lunar transfer	1	1	0
Heliocentric orbit / Planetary transfer	4	4	0
Total	114	104	10

Suborbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of suborbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. Flights intended to fly below 80 km (50 mi) are omitted.

{{#invoke:Chart|pie chart

 | radius = 100
 | slices = 
   ( 3  : Canada       : #FE6F5E )
   (  1 : France      : #9966CC )
   (  2 : India       : darkorange )
   (  1 : Israel      : teal )
   (  2 : Japan       : white )
   (  2 : The Netherlands        : #91A3B0 )
   ( 8 : Russia      : brown )
   (  1 : Turkey       : #7C3030 )
   ( 11 : USA         : blue )
 | units suffix = 
 | hide group legends = true

}}

Country		Launches	Successes	Failures	Remarks
	Шаблон:CAN	3	3	0
	Шаблон:FRA	1	1	0
	Шаблон:IND	2	2	0
	Шаблон:ISR	1	1	0
	Шаблон:JPN	2	1	1
	Шаблон:NLD	2	2	0	Includes T-Minus Dart launches from Australia
	Шаблон:RUS	8	8	0
	Шаблон:TUR	1	1	0
	Шаблон:USA	11	11	0
World		31	30	1

First successful orbital launch

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:TLS-R

Шаблон:TLS-L Шаблон:Orbital launches in 2020 Шаблон:2020 in space Шаблон:Portal bar

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
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↑ ^22,0 ^22,1 ^22,2 ^22,3 ^22,4 ^22,5 ^22,6 Шаблон:Cite web
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↑ ^33,0 ^33,1 ^33,2 Шаблон:Cite news
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[3Mars-1] 1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 Шаблон:Cite web

[2] Шаблон:Cite web

[1strobotic-3] Шаблон:Cite web

[4] Шаблон:Cite web

[5] Шаблон:Cite news

[6] Шаблон:Cite web

[7] Шаблон:Cite web

[8] Шаблон:Cite web

[9] Шаблон:Cite news

[space-20200505-10] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок space-20200505 не указан текст

[space-20191002-11] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок space-20191002 не указан текст

[12] Шаблон:Cite web

[SN5hopTeslarati-13] Шаблон:Cite web

[ars_starshipSN8-14] Шаблон:Cite news

[15] Шаблон:Cite web

[16] Шаблон:Cite web

[sfn20221001-17] Шаблон:Cite news

[gw20200327-18] Шаблон:Cite news

[SFN20200922-19] Шаблон:Cite news

[cnbc20200417-20] Шаблон:Cite web

[21] Шаблон:Cite web

[swri-perijoves-22] 22,0 ^22,1 ^22,2 ^22,3 ^22,4 ^22,5 ^22,6 Шаблон:Cite web

[23] Шаблон:Cite web

[24] Шаблон:Cite web

[25] Шаблон:Cite web

[26] Шаблон:Cite web

[27] Шаблон:Cite web

[28] Шаблон:Cite web Шаблон:PD-notice

[29] Шаблон:Cite tweet

[30] Шаблон:Cite news

[31] Шаблон:Cite news

[32] Шаблон:Cite press release

[space20201216-33] 33,0 ^33,1 ^33,2 Шаблон:Cite news

[Solar_Orbiter_launch-34] Шаблон:Cite web

[35] Шаблон:Cite web

[36] Шаблон:Cite web

[37] Шаблон:Cite web

[38] Шаблон:Cite web Шаблон:PD-notice

[39] Шаблон:Cite web Шаблон:PD-notice

[40] Шаблон:Cite web

[41] Шаблон:Cite web

[42] Шаблон:Cite web

[43] Шаблон:Cite news

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Английская Википедия:2020 in spaceflight

Overview

Astronomy and astrophysics

Exploration of the Solar System

Heliophysics

Earth sciences satellites

Human spaceflight

Rocket innovation

Satellite innovation

Orbital launches

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Suborbital flights

Launches from the Moon

Deep-space rendezvous

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Orbital launch statistics

By country

By rocket

By family

By type

By configuration

By spaceport

By orbit

Suborbital launch statistics

By country

First successful orbital launch

See also

Notes

References

External links

Навигация

Поиск