Английская Википедия:2022 East Timorese presidential election

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox electionШаблон:Politics of East Timor

Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 19 March 2022.[1] Incumbent Francisco Guterres sought election to a second term.[2] As none of the presidential nominees received at least 50% of the cast votes, a runoff was held on 19 April 2022, between the top two candidates, José Ramos-Horta and Guterres.[3] Ramos-Horta won the runoff with 62.1% of the total votes cast.[4]

The election marked the first time that someone had been re-elected to the East Timorese presidency (albeit to a non-consecutive term), as well as the second time that an incumbent president had been defeated – after the 2012 election, when Ramos-Horta was eliminated in the first round.[5] As a result of constitutional provisions which limit presidents to two five-year terms in a lifetime, Ramos-Horta will be ineligible to run in any future presidential election.[6]

Electoral system

The President of East Timor is elected using the two-round system.[7] With no single winner in the first round getting over 50% of the vote, a second round was held a month after the first with the top two candidates.[3]

Campaign

The campaign was described as "largely peaceful and competitive" by EU electoral observer Ruiz Devesa.[8] Younger voters, with less strong regional convictions and party affiliations, were considered a pivotal voter bloc during the election, being seen as contributing to the third-place finish of KHUNTO candidate Armanda Berta dos Santos.[9]

Incumbent President Francisco Guterres was backed by Mari Alkatiri. Ramos-Horta's campaign was supported by Xanana Gusmão, who was dubbed the "Kingmaker of Timor Leste".[8][10] The campaign between Guterres and Ramos-Horta was seen by some analysts in the Lowy Institute as a conflict between Alkatiri and Gusmao, who backed opposing candidates.[11] Guterres' previous administration was considered by outside sources to be in political deadlock since 2017.[9] Guterres was perceived to be running a competitive campaign despite his first round result, where he placed second.[11] However, former Fretilin member and fourth place candidate Lere Anan Timur refused to back Guterres or Ramos-Horta.[11] Fretilin ran a campaign stating that Ramos-Horta was unfit to be president, blaming him for the political violence and crisis that happened during his prime ministership in 2006.[12]

Файл:2022 Wahlkampf José Ramos-Horta 1.png
Supporters of Ramos-Horta at a rally

Former President José Ramos-Horta came out of retirement as he stated that incumbent president Francisco “Lu-Olo” Guterres had violated the constitution.[8] Guterres had previously refused to swear in several ministers from Ramos-Horta's party on the grounds that they were currently undergoing legal investigations over corruption.[13] Ramos-Horta stated that in the event of winning the presidential election, he would potentially dissolve parliament and call for new elections.[8][13] Ramos-Horta ran on a platform of poverty reduction, increasing healthcare services for mothers and children, as well as increasing job creation.[10] He also stated that he wanted to try and improve communication across the governing political parties for the purposes of increasing stability.[10] In addition, Ramos-Horta stated his intention on working with the government to address supply chain issues from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine.[14]

Conduct

Andrew Jacobs, the representative of the European Union in East Timor, said an EU delegation from Brussels would be involved in the process of observation for the 2022 election.[15]

The representative of the United States embassy in Dili, Charge d’Affaires Tom Daley, said the U.S. would send observers to oversee the election process. He added that the United States "has supported Timor-Leste in developing democracy since Timor-Leste's independence" and that the U.S. had plans to send observers to ensure the transparency of the election and the freedom of voters to be able "to choose the candidates for the president without intimidation from any party".[16]

Candidates

Файл:2022 Ballot Timor-Leste.jpg
First round ballot for the election.
Файл:2022 Ballot Timor-Leste-2.jpg
Second round ballot for the election.
Name Party Primary Declaration Notes
1. Isabel da Costa Ferreira Independent – [17]
2. Hermes da Rosa Correia Barros Independent – [17]
3. Ángela Freitas Independent – [17]
4. Rogerio Lobato Independent – [17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |5. Anacleto Bento Ferreira PDRT – [17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |6. Francisco Guterres Fretilin – January 2022 [1][17]
7. Milena Pires Independent – [17]
8. Lere Anan Timur Independent – [17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |9. Armanda Berta dos Santos KHUNTO – [17]
10. Antero Benedito Silva Independent – [17]
11. Constâncio da Conceção Pinto Independent – [17]
12. Virgílio da Silva Guterres Independent – [17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |13. Martinho Germano da Silva Gusmão PUDD – January 2022 [1][17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |14. José Ramos-Horta CNRT – January 2022 [1][17]
15. Felizberto Araújo Duarte Independent – [17]
style="background:Шаблон:Color box;" |16. Mariano Sabino Lopes PD – [17]

Results

The second round of the elections was held on 19 April between José Ramos-Horta, a former president, and the incumbent Francisco Guterres. In the runoff Ramos-Horta prevailed with 62% of the vote.[18]

Шаблон:Election results

Aftermath

Nobel laureate and former president José Ramos-Horta won in a landslide victory over incumbent president Francisco Guterres in the second round. Speaking to supporters in a rally, Ramos-Horta proclaimed: "I have received this mandate from our people, from the nation in an overwhelming demonstration of our people's commitment to democracy."[19] He added he had not spoken to Guterres personally after the win but had received an invitation from Guterres' office to discuss a handover of power following the election.[14][19]

United States Department of State congratulated Ramos-Horta on his election as Timor-Leste’s next president and looked forward to strengthen the partnership between the United States and Timor-Leste. In a statement, they praised the election, stating; "We commend Timorese authorities, including the Technical Secretariat for Electoral Administration and the National Elections Commission, for administering a free, fair, and transparent election and the hundreds of thousands of Timorese voters who cast their ballots peacefully. Timor-Leste’s election serves as an inspiration for democracy in Southeast Asia, the Indo-Pacific region, and the world. This achievement represents another milestone in Timor-Leste’s tremendous work to build and strengthen its robust, vibrant democracy over its nearly 20-year history as an independent nation."[20] Ramos-Horta's victory was also congratulated by the President of Portugal Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa giving "the warmest congratulations on the election as president of the Republic of Timor-Leste".[8]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:East Timorese elections

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ "Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste", Section 75.3: "The President of the Republic's term of office may be renewed only once."
  7. ↑ Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Шаблон:Webarchive IFES
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 Шаблон:Cite news
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,00 17,01 17,02 17,03 17,04 17,05 17,06 17,07 17,08 17,09 17,10 17,11 17,12 17,13 17,14 17,15 Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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