Английская Википедия:20 mm caliber
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Refimprove 20 mm caliber is a specific size of popular autocannon ammunition. The dividing line between smaller-caliber weapons, commonly called "guns", from larger-caliber "cannons" (e.g. machine gun vs. autocannon), is conventionally taken to be the 20 mm round, the smallest caliber of autocannon. All 20 mm cartridges have an outside projectile (bullet) diameter and barrel bore diameter of Шаблон:Convert. These projectiles are typically Шаблон:Convert long, cartridge cases are typically Шаблон:Convert long, and most are shells, with an explosive payload and detonating fuze.
Weapons using this caliber range from anti-materiel rifles and anti-tank rifles to aircraft autocannons and anti-aircraft guns.
Usage
Twenty millimeter caliber weapons are generally not used to target individual soldiers, but rather objects such as vehicles, buildings, or aircraft.
Types of ammunition
- High explosive (HE)
- High explosive incendiary (HEI)
- Armor-piercing (AP)
- Semi-armor-piercing high explosive incendiary (SAPHEI)
- Armour-piercing discarding sabot (APDS)
- High explosive fragmentation tracer (HEF-T)
- High explosive high capacity (HE-M)
- Penetrator with enhanced lateral effect (PELE)
- Target practice - inert projectile (i.e., PGU-27A/B)[1] Used for training (TP)
- Target practice tracer - inert projectile with tracer material in base for visual trajectory tracking (i.e., PGU-30A/B) (TP-T)
20 mm weapons
Each weapon is listed with its cartridge type appended.
Current weapons
| Weapon | Country of origin | Cartridge | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neopup PAW-20 | Шаблон:Flag | 20×42 mm | |
| Denel NTW-20 | Шаблон:Flag | 20×82 mm Mauser | |
| Denel Vektor GA-1 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Vidhwansak | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Anzio 20mm rifle | Шаблон:Flag | 20×102 mm | |
| Arash anti-materiel rifle | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| M61 Vulcan | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| M197 electric cannon | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| M39 cannon | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| GIAT M621 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| ZVI PL-20 Plamen | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Nexter Narwhal 20A | Шаблон:Flag | Based on the M621 | |
| Şahi 20-102 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| XM301 | Шаблон:Flag | [2] | |
| Denel NTW-20 | Шаблон:Flag | 20×110 mm Hispano | |
| Metallic RT-20 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Truvelo CMS 20x110mm | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Yugoimport-SDPR M71/08 | Шаблон:Flag | Single barrel development of Zastava M55 | |
| Oerlikon KAE (KAA/KAB) | Шаблон:Flag | 20×128 mm | Formerly known as Oerlikon 204GK/5TG |
| Meroka CIWS | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Oerlikon KAD | Шаблон:Flag | 20×139 mm | Formerly known as Hispano-Suiza HS.820 |
| GIAT M693/20 mm modèle F2 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Rheinmetall Rh 202 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Denel Land Systems GI-2 | Шаблон:Flag | ||
| Nexter Narwhal 20B | Шаблон:Flag | Based on the 20 mm F2 |
Historical weapons
Naming conventions
The usual nomenclature of ammunition indicates the diameter of projectile and the length of the cartridge that holds it; for example, 20×102 mm is a 20 mm projectile in a 102 mm long case.
Though this designation is often assumed to be unique, this is not always the case, e.g. there are three different 20×110 mm types which are not compatible. These may be distinguished in that some cartridge designations may include additional letters or names as a suffix, e.g. the various different types of 20×110 mm might be distinguished as 20×110 mm Hispano, 20×110 mm RB and 20×110 mm USN.
Common suffixes
- B e.g. 20×138B: the cartridge has a belt which is used for headspacing, i.e. it helps ensure the correct positioning within the gun's chamber.
- R e.g. 20×145R: a rimmed cartridge: the diameter of the rim forming the base is larger than that of the cartridge case itself.
- RB e.g. Oerlikon 20×110RB: rebated rim, one where the rim is a smaller diameter than the case head allowing the extractor to follow it into the chamber, facilitating advanced-primer ignition, a recoil-moderating system.
See also
References
External links
- FAS: 20 mm Cannon Ammunition
- ATK produced 20, 25 & 30 mm caliber ammunition
- Rapid Fire: 20 mm Cartridge Data Table
- Rapid Fire: 20 mm Antitank Rifle Cartridges image
- Rapid Fire: 20 mm Autocannon Cartridges WWII image 1
- Rapid Fire: 20 mm Autocannon Cartridges WWII image 2
- Rapid Fire: 20 mm Autocannon Cartridges Post-WWII image
