Английская Википедия:379th Bombardment Squadron

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military unit

The 379th Space Range Squadron is an Air Force Reserve unit. It is assigned to the 926th Wing at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado. It is a reserve associate squadron of United States Space Force's 25th Space Range Squadron.

The squadron was first active during World War II as the 379th Bombardment Squadron, becoming a medium bomber unit a month after it was activated. After training in the United States, it deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, where it participated in Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa. It moved forward with American ground forces. The squadron was awarded a two Distinguished Unit Citations for its actions in combat. Following V-E Day, the squadron was inactivated in theater.

The squadron was again activated in the reserve in 1947. It does not appear to have been fully manned or equipped with operational aircraft before it was inactivated in 1949. It was activated in Kansas as a Strategic Air Command strategic bomber unit. It was inactivated on 25 March 1965 as the Boeing B-47 Stratojet bombers it flew were removed from service.

History

World War II

Initial organization and training

The squadron was activated at Davis-Monthan Field in March 1942 as the 379th Bombardment Squadron, one of the four original squadrons of the 310th Bombardment Group.[1][2] It moved the same day to Jackson Army Air Base, Mississippi, where it began training with North American B-25 Mitchells.[3] A portion of the ground echelon sailed for the United Kingdom aboard the Шаблон:RMS on 5 September 1942Шаблон:Efn, while the remainder sailed directly for North Africa from the United States. The air echelon ferried the squadron's Mitchells via the North Atlantic ferry route, but bad weather delayed their movement, with the bombers arriving at RAF Hardwick between October and December 1942.[4]

Combat in the Mediterranean heater

Файл:B-25Js-310th BG attacking Brenner Pass 1944.jpg
310th Bombardment Group Mitchells attacking Brenner Pass 1944

In November 1942, the squadron flew its planes to Mediouna Airfield, French Morocco, to support Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa, although some remained behind in England until as late as March 1943.[4] The squadron engaged primarily in air support and interdiction in Tunisia, Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Italy and Southern France. Through May 1943, it also attacked shipping and harbor facilities to cut the logistics lines of the Afrika Corps. It bombed marshalling yards, rail lines, highways, bridges, viaducts, troop concentrations, gun emplacements, shipping, harbors and other objectives in North Africa.[1] It moved forward to Tunisia with the allied forces, locating at Dar el Koudia Airfield in June.[3] It bombed airfields, landing grounds and gun emplacements, supporting Operation Corkscrew, the reduction of Pantelleria and Lampedusa islands during June 1943. The following month it supported Operation Husky, the invasion of Sicily.[1]

On 27 August 1943, the squadron conducted a mission against marshalling yards in Benevento, Italy. Despite heavy antiaircraft artillery, it effectively bombed the target and destroyed several enemy interceptor aircraft making persistent attacks. For this action, it was awarded the Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC). From August 1943 to the end of hostilities in the spring of 1945, it struck German lines of communication, bridges, rail lines, marshalling yards, viaducts, tunnels and road junctions in Italy. From January through June 1944, it gave air support to ground forces in the drive toward Rome. The squadron also engaged in psychological warfare missions, dropping propaganda leaflets behind enemy lines.[1]

In August 1944, it supported Operation Dragoon, the invasion of southern France from its base in Ghisonaccia Airfield, Corsica. On 10 March 1945, the squadron maintained close formation in the face of severe antiaircraft fire in successfully attacking the railroad bridge at Ora, a vital link in the German supply line to Italy. For this action, it was awarded its second DUC.[1] In April 1945, it moved to Italy and was inactivated in theater in September 1945.[3]

Air Force Reserve

It was reactivated at Bedford Army Air Field as part of the reserve in June 1947, although it is unclear whether or not the squadron was fully manned or equipped with operational aircraft. It was inactivated in June 1949.[3]

Strategic Air Command

The squadron was activated in 1952 as a Strategic Air Command squadron. The unit received Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombardment training from the 90th Bombardment Wing between April and August 1952.Шаблон:Citation needed It acted as a training squadron until 1954Шаблон:Citation needed when it replaced the propeller-driven B-29s with new Boeing B-47E Stratojet swept-wing medium bombers. These aircraft were capable of flying at high subsonic speeds and were primarily designed for penetrating the airspace of the Soviet Union. By the early 1960s, the B-47s were considered to be reaching obsolescence, and were being phased out of SAC's strategic arsenal.Шаблон:Citation needed They were sent to AMARC at Davis–Monthan Air Force Base in early 1965. The squadron was inactivated in March.[3]

Space range unit

The squadron was redesignated the 379th Space Range Squadron and activated at Schriever Air Force Base, Colorado on 1 April 2012.[5] It serves as a reserve associate squadron with the regular Air Force 25th Space Range Squadron.[6] In 2014, the squadron's gaining command changed from Air Force Space Command to Air Combat Command. The squadron has participated in exercises Austere Challenge, Anakonda and Juniper Cobra in Europe; Global Thunder, Global Lightning, Ardent Sentry and Red Flag in the United States; and Valiant Shield in the Pacific.[7]

Lineage

  • Constituted as the 379th Bombardment Squadron (Medium) on 28 January 1942
Activated on 15 March 1942
  • Redesignated 379th Bombardment Squadron, Medium c. 20 August 1943
Inactivated on 12 September 1945
  • Redesignated 379th Bombardment Squadron, Light on 11 March 1947
Activated in the reserve on 9 August 1947
Inactivated on 27 June 1949
  • Redesignated 379th Bombardment Squadron, Medium on 15 March 1952
Activated on 28 March 1952[8] (not operational until 4 March 1952)[9]
Discontinued and inactivated on 25 March 1965[5] (not operational after 25 February 1965)[9]
  • Redesignated 379th Space Range Squadron on 14 February 2012[5]
Activated on 1 April 2012[5]

Assignments

  • 310th Bombardment Group, 15 March 1942 – 12 September 1945
  • 310th Bombardment Group, 9 August 1947 – 27 June 1949
  • 310th Bombardment Wing (later 310th Strategic Aerospace Wing), 28 March 1952 – 25 March 1965[8][9]
  • 310th Operations Group, 1 April 2012[5]
  • 926th Operations Group, 2014[7]

Stations

Шаблон:Col-beginШаблон:Col-break

RAF Hardwick (Station 104),[10] England, September – November 1942 (air echelon)[4]

Шаблон:Col-break

Шаблон:Col-end

Aircraft

  • North American B-25 Mitchell, 1942–1945
  • Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1952–1954
  • Boeing B-47 Stratojet, 1954–1965[8]

See also

References

Notes

Explanatory notes

Шаблон:Notelist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Air Force Historical Research Agency

Шаблон:USAF Air Force Reserve Command Шаблон:Strategic Air Command Шаблон:USAAF 12th Air Force World War II Шаблон:USAAF 8th Air Force UK Шаблон:USAAF 3d Air Force World War II

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
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Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 184-186
  2. ↑ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 468-471, 525-526
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Maurer379BS не указан текст
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Freeman, p. 265
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, April 2012, Maxwell AFB, AL
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Lineage, including assignments, aircraft and stations through 1963 in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 468–469
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Ravenstein, pp. 158–159
  10. ↑ Station number in Anderson, p. 19.
  11. ↑ Mueller, p.221
  12. ↑ Station information through March 1963 in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 468-469, except as noted.
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