Английская Википедия:37 mm gun M1
The 37 mm gun M1 was an anti-aircraft autocannon developed in the United States. It was used by the US Army in World War II.
The gun was produced in a towed variant, or mounted along with two M2 machine guns on the M2/M3 half-track, resulting in the T28/T28E1/M15/M15A1 series of multiple gun motor carriages.
In early World War II, each Army Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA) Auto-Weapons battalion was authorized a total of thirty-two 37 mm guns in its four firing batteries, plus other weapons.[1]
During World War II the 37 mm gun M1 was deployed in coast defense anti-motor torpedo boat batteries (AMTB) alongside 90 mm guns, usually four 90 mm and two 37 mm guns per battery. Some AMTB batteries consisted of four 37 mm guns, but most sources have little information on these batteries. In the later part of the war the 37 mm gun was typically replaced by the 40 mm Bofors gun M1.[2]
Components
One or two gun units were coupled to the M5 gun director using the M1 remote control system. The system was powered by the M5 generating unit. If the remote system was inoperative the M5 sighting system was used, but it was only usable up to 25 degrees of elevation.
Ammunition
The M1 utilized fixed ammunition. Projectiles were fitted with a 37×223mmSR cartridge case.
| Type | Model | Weight (round/projectile) | Filler | Muzzle velocity | Range horizontal/vertical[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APC-T | APC-T M59A1 Shot | 1.44/0.87 kg (3.17/1.91 lbs) |
- | 625 m/s (2,050 ft/s) |
5,290/3,660 m (17,355/12,007 ft) |
| HE-T | HE-T SD M54 Shell | 1.21/0.61 kg (2.66/1.34 lbs) |
792 m/s (2,598 ft/s) |
8,275/5,760 m (27,149/18,897 ft) |
| Ammunition / Distance | 457 m (500 yds) |
914 m (1000 yds) |
1,371 m (1,500 yds) |
1,828 m (2,000 yds) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| APC-T M59A1 Shot (homogeneous armor, meet angle 30°) |
23 mm (.90 in) |
18 mm (.70 in) |
15 mm (.59 in) |
13 mm (.51 in) |
| APC-T M59A1 Shot (face-hardened armor, meet angle 30°) |
25 mm (.98 in) |
18 mm (.70 in) |
15 mm (.59 in) |
13 mm (.51 in) |
Variants
- The 37 mm M9 autocannon was a derivative of the M1A2 anti-aircraft gun. It had a Шаблон:Convert barrel, weighed Шаблон:Convert (the barrel alone weighing 120 pounds), had a muzzle velocity of Шаблон:Convert, and had a rate of fire of 150 rounds per minute. It was used on PT boats around 1944 in the Pacific theater during World War II, replacing the M4 autocannon.
Comparison of anti-aircraft guns
| Country | Gun model | RPM | Projectile weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:USA | 37 mm gun M1 | 120 | Шаблон:Convert |
| Шаблон:Flag | 3.7 cm SK C/30 | 30 | Шаблон:Convert[5] |
| Шаблон:FRA | Canon de 37 mm Modèle 1925 | 15-21 | Шаблон:Convert[6] |
| Шаблон:ITA | Cannone-Mitragliera da 37/54 (Breda) | 60-120 | Шаблон:Convert[7] |
| Шаблон:Flag | 3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37/43 | 150 | Шаблон:Convert[8] |
| Шаблон:USSR | 37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K) | 80[9] | Шаблон:Convert[10] |
| Шаблон:GBR | QF 2-pounder naval gun | 115 | Шаблон:Convert[11] |
| Шаблон:SWE | Bofors 40 mm gun | 120 | Шаблон:Convert[12] |
See also
Notes
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ McGovern and Smith, p. 43
- ↑ Shell destroying tracer limited the range to about 3,200 m.
- ↑ Different methods of armor penetration measurement were used in different countries / periods. Therefore, direct comparison is often impossible.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
References
- Hogg, Ian. Twentieth-Century Artillery. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2000. Шаблон:ISBN Pg.106
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- TM 9-2300 standard artillery and fire control material. dated 1944
- TM 9-235
- TM 9-1235
- SNL A-29
External links
- "US Army Gets A New Antiaircraft Gun", September 1940, Popular Science
- FM 4-112 Coast Artillery Field Manual: Antiaircraft Artillery gunnery, Fire Control, Position Finding, and Horizontal Fire, Antiaircraft Automatic Weapons (Case I Firing)
- History of the Americanization of the Bofors 40mm Automatic Antiaircraft Gun—some references to the 37mm
- 37mm Antiaircraft Automatic Gun—Antiaircraft.org
- Английская Википедия
- 37 mm artillery
- Anti-aircraft guns of the United States
- World War II anti-aircraft guns
- World War II weapons of the United States
- Military equipment introduced in the 1930s
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- Википедия
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