Английская Википедия:777 Gutemberga

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox planet

777 Gutemberga (prov. designation: Шаблон:Mp or Шаблон:Mp) is a dark and large background asteroid, approximately Шаблон:Convert in diameter, from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Franz Kaiser at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 24 January 1914.[1] The carbonaceous C-type asteroid (Cb) has a rotation period of 12.8 hours. It was named after Johannes Gutenberg (ca. 1400–1468), who introduced the printing press to Europe and started the Printing Revolution.[2]

Orbit and classification

Gutemberga is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[3][4][5] It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.9–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 10 months (2,119 days; semi-major axis of 3.23 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic.[6] The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg on 22 December 1924, almost 11 years after its official discovery observation.[1]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Johannes Gutenberg (ca. 1400–1468), a German inventor who started the Printing Revolution with the introduction of mechanical movable type printing. Gutenberg lived and died in Mainz and the neighboring Eltville am Rhein. The Шаблон:MoMP was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (Шаблон:Small).[2] The crater Gutenberg on the Moon and the feature Rimae Gutenberg, a 223-kilometer long groove near the crater, were also named after him.[7][8]

Physical characteristics

In the Tholen-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), Gutemberga is a common, carbonaceous C-type asteroid. In the Bus–Binzel SMASS-like taxonomic variant of the S3OS2, it is a Cb-subtype, which transitions from the C-type to the somewhat brighter B-type asteroid.[4][9]

Rotation period

In January 218, a rotational lightcurve of Gutemberga was obtained from photometric observations by Tom Polakis at the Command Module Observatory Шаблон:Obscode in Arizona. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of Шаблон:Val hours with a brightness variation of Шаблон:Val magnitude (Шаблон:Small).[10]

The result supersedes observations by Otmar Nickel of Astronomical Consortium of Mainz from February 2001, which gave a period of Шаблон:Val hours with an amplitude of Шаблон:Val magnitude (Шаблон:Small),Шаблон:Efn and observations by Astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California, with a period of Шаблон:Val hours and an amplitude of Шаблон:Val magnitude.(Шаблон:Small).[11][12]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Gutemberga measures (Шаблон:Val), (Шаблон:Val) and (Шаблон:Val) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (Шаблон:Val), (Шаблон:Val) and (Шаблон:Val), respectively.[13][14][15][16]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0494 and a diameter of 65.57 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.8.[11] Alternative mean-diameter measurements published by the WISE team include (Шаблон:Val) and (Шаблон:Val) with corresponding albedos of (Шаблон:Val) and (Шаблон:Val).[4][11] On 27 June 2008, an asteroid occultation of Gutemberga gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (Шаблон:Val), with a poor quality rating of 1. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.[4]

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Minor planets navigator Шаблон:Small Solar System bodies Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок MPC-object не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок springer не указан текст
  3. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок AstDys-object не указан текст
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Ferret не указан текст
  5. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Zappala-family не указан текст
  6. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок jpldata не указан текст
  7. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок WGPN-2290 не указан текст
  8. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок WGPN-5111 не указан текст
  9. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Lazzaro-2004 не указан текст
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Polakis-2018d не указан текст
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок lcdb не указан текст
  12. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Waszczak-2015 не указан текст
  13. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок AKARI не указан текст
  14. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок SIMPS не указан текст
  15. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Mainzer-2016 не указан текст
  16. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Masiero-2014 не указан текст
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