Английская Википедия:78K

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Файл:Minicube 78K0.jpg

78K0/KX1+ board with in-circuit emulator; MINICUBE

Файл:78K0S Do-It.jpg

78K0S/KA1+ Do It board

Файл:78K0R Cool-It.jpg

78K0R/KG3 Cool It board with in-circuit emulator; IECUBE ^{(formerly, MINICUBE2)}

78K is the trademark name of 16- and 8-bit microcontroller familyШаблон:RpШаблон:Rp manufactured by Renesas Electronics, originally developed by NECШаблон:Rp started in 1986.Шаблон:Rp The basis of 78K Family is an accumulator-based register-bank CISC architecture. 78K is a single-chip microcontroller, which usually integrates; program ROM, data RAM, serial interfaces, timers, I/O ports, an A/D converter, an interrupt controller, and a CPU core, on one die.Шаблон:Rp

Its application area is mainly simple mechanical system controls and man-machine interfaces.

Regarding software development tools, C compilers and macro-assemblers are available.Шаблон:Rp As for development tool hardware, full probing-pod type and debug port type in-circuit emulators, and flash ROM programmersШаблон:Rp are available.

Historically, the family has 11 series with 9 instruction set architectures. As of 2018, 3 instruction set architectures, those are 8-bit 78K0, 8-bit 78K0S, and 16-/8-bit 78K0R, are still promoted for customers' new designs. But in most of cases, migration to RL78 Family, which is a successor of 78K0R and almost binary level compatible with 78K0R,Шаблон:Rp is recommended.

Variants

Шаблон:Anchor78K0 Series

Шаблон:Ill (also known as 78K/0) is a long-running 8-bit single chip microcontroller, which is the basis of 78K0S and 78K0R Series. It contains 8× 8-bit registers ×4 banks. For 16-bit calculating instructions, it performs ALU operation twice. Each instructions are performed serially without instruction pipelining. It has 16-bit 64K Byte address space. Some variants of 78K0 have affordable and compact type 8-bit R-2R D/A converter, which does not have monotonicity because it is not trimmed for adjustment nor followed by operational amplifier.

In its earlier stage, the Program Memory was one-time PROM (OTP), UV-EPROM, or mask ROM. But with the times, it became flash memory.

Шаблон:Anchor78K0S Series

78K0S Series (also known as 78K/0S) is a low-end version of 78K0. It has 8× 8-bit registers, but without any banks. In addition, some instructions, such as multiplication and division, are removed from 78K0 instruction set architecture.

Шаблон:Anchor78K0R Series

78K0R Series is a 16-bit single-chip microcontroller with 3-stage instruction pipelining. Its instruction set is similar to 78K0 and covers 16- and 8-bit operations. It has 20-bit 1M Byte address space. 75 instructions out of 80 are identical with that of RL78 Family; its successor.Шаблон:Rp

Шаблон:Anchor178K0 Series

178K0 Series (also known as 178K/0) is a successor of NEC's 17K Family 4-bit microcontroller for DTS (Digital Tuning Systems) and remote controls. It integrates 17K family's peripheral functions with the 78K0 8-bit CPU core on a chip.

Шаблон:Anchor178K0S Series

178K0S Series (also known as 178K/0S) is also a successor of 17K Family with the 78K0S CPU core.

Шаблон:Anchor78K4 Series

78K4 Series (also known as 78K/4) is a 16-bit single-chip microcontroller with 16 and 8-bit operations. It has 16× 8-bit registers ×4 banks, which can be also used for 8× 16-bit registers ×4 banks. Some of these registers can be also used as 24-bit extension for addressing modes. It has 24-bit 16M Byte address space. It has microcode-based operations named Macro Service with interrupt functions.Шаблон:Rp

Шаблон:Anchor78K7 Series

78K7 Series (also known as 78K/7) is a 32-bit single-chip microcontroller with 32, 16 and 8 bit operations. It has 8× 32-bit registers ×16 banks, which can be also used for 16× 16-bit registers ×16 banks and 16× 8-bit registers ×16 banks. It has microcode-based operations named Macro Service with interrupt functions. It has 24-bit 16M Byte linear address space. It is used for some Quantum Fireball products,Шаблон:Rp but shortly replaced with V850 Family 32-bit RISC microcontrollers.

Шаблон:Anchor78K6 Series

78K6 Series (also known as 78K/6) is a 16-bit single-chip microcontroller. Its life-time was short, and less variants.

Шаблон:Anchor78K1 Series

78K1 Series (also known as 78K/1) is an 8-bit single-chip microcontroller. It has 8× 8-bit registers ×4 banks. 78K1 series is targeted for servo controls of videocassette recorders. μPD78148 sub-series integrates 2 operational amplifiers.

Шаблон:Anchor78K3 Series

78K3 Series (also known as 78K/3) is a 16-bit single-chip microcontroller with 16 and 8 bit operations. It has 16× 8-bit ×8 banks, which can be also used for 8× 16-bit registers ×8 banks. Its address space is 16-bit 64K Byte. It is developed as high-end series of 78K Family. It has microcode-based operations named Macro Service with interrupt functions.Шаблон:Rp

This series is used for hard disk drives, especially Quantum Fireball Series. μPD78364 sub-series is used for inverter compressor controls. It is also used for traction control systems of some cars.

Шаблон:Anchor78K2 Series

78K2 Series (also known as 78K/2) is an 8-bit single-chip microcontroller. It has 8× 8-bit registers ×4 banks. It is developed as general purpose series of 78K Family.

Predecessors

Шаблон:Anchor87AD Family

87AD FamilyШаблон:Rp is an 8-bit single-chip microcontroller. It has 8× 8-bit registers ×4 banks. Its instruction set architecture became the basis of 78K.

Шаблон:Anchor17K Family

17K FamilyШаблон:Rp is a 4-bit single-chip microcontroller, especially dedicated for DTS (Digital Tuning Systems) and remote controls. It has 2 plane of 128× 4-bit register files, and sophisticated fully orthogonal instruction set. This instruction set is completely different from that of 78K Family.

Table list of 78K Family

Series	ALU	Registers	Instructions	Pipeline	Remark	Documents
RL78-S3	16-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	81 (75+6)	3-stage	Successor of 78K0R	Шаблон:Rp
RL78-S2	16-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	75	3-stage
RL78-S1	8-bit	8× 8-bit (no bank)	74 (75-1)	3-stage
78K0R	16-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	80 (75+5)	3-stage	Extended 78K/0	Шаблон:Rp
78K0S	8-bit	8× 8-bit (no bank)	47	none	Simplified 78K/0
78K0	8-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	48	none	Basic 78K/0 core
178K0S	8-bit	8× 8-bit	47	none	78K/0S for DTS; Digital Tuning System
178K0	8-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	48	none	78K/0 for DTS
78K4	16-bit	16× 8-bit ×4 banks	113	none	Macro service available	Шаблон:Rp
78K7	32-bit	16× 16-bit ×16 banks		none	Macro service available
78K6	16-bit				Macro service available
78K1	8-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	64	none	For VCR servo controls	Шаблон:Rp
78K3	16-bit	16× 8-bit ×8 banks	113Шаблон:Endash115	none	Macro service available	Шаблон:Rp
78K2	8-bit	8× 8-bit ×4 banks	65	none	General purpose	Шаблон:Rp
87AD	8-bit	8× 8-bit ×2 banks	CMOS: 159 NMOS: 158	none	Predecessor of 78K	Шаблон:Rp
(17K)	4-bit	128× 4-bit ×2 banks	47	none	Predecessor of 178K

See also

• RL78
• V850
• Renesas 740
• IEBus

External links

• Technical documents
  • Application note: 78K/0 Series Basic (I) | Renesas Electronics
  • Application note: 78K/0 Series Basics(II) | Renesas Electronics
  • Application note: 78K/0 Series Basic (III) | Renesas Electronics
• Web sites
  • 78K Family | Renesas Electronics
  • 78K Family Software & Tools | Renesas Electronics
  • CPU of the Day: NEC 78C11 Sample and the 78K family | The CPU Shack MUseum
  • TESSERA TECHNOLOGY, Inc.