Английская Википедия:791st Bombardment Squadron

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use American English Шаблон:Infobox military unit The 791st Bombardment Squadron is a former United States Army Air Forces unit. During World War II it was assigned to the 467th Bombardment Group, and engaged in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany. After V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and transitioned into the Boeing B-29 Superfortress. It was inactivated on 31 March 1946 at Roswell Army Air Field, New Mexico in March 1946 and its resources were transferred elsewhere.

History

Training in the United States and deployment

The squadron was first activated at Wendover Field, Utah on 1 August 1943 as one of the original four squadrons of the 467th Bombardment Group. It trained with Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombers until February 1944, when it departed for the European Theater of Operations.[1][2] The ground echelon departed Wendover on 12 February for the port of embarkation at Camp Shanks, New York, sailing aboard the Шаблон:USAT on 28 February. The air echelon ferried their Liberators to England via the South Atlantic Ferry route.[3]

Combat in Europe

The squadron arrived at its combat station, RAF Rackheath, England, on 11 March 1944, and entered the strategic bombing campaign on 10 April with an attack on a military air base at Bourges. It attacked targets such as factories at Bonn, Osnabrück and Stuttgart, power generating facilities at Hamm, and the harbor at Kiel. It also attacked the German aircraft industry at Brunswick, and other objectives. In September 1944, the squadron spent some time transporting fuel to France to support the Allied advance toward Germany.[2]

The squadron was occasionally diverted from the strategic campaign to engage in air support and air interdiction missions. On D-Day, it attacked shore installations and bridges near Cherbourg-en-Cotentin. During Operation Cobra, the breakout at Saint Lo, it bombed troop concentrations and supply dumps near Montreuil. It attacked German lines of communication and fortifications during the Battle of the Bulge from December 1944 through January 1945. It bombed enemy transportation to assist Operation Varsity, the airborne assault across the Rhine in March 1945. The squadron flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945.[2]

Return to the United States and inactivation

Following V-E Day, the squadron redeployed to the United States. Most of the squadron's planes left Rackheath on 12 June 1945, while the ground echelon sailed on the Шаблон:RMS on 6 July. The squadron began to reassemble at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota later in July. The squadron was selected for transition into the Boeing B-29 Superfortress and trained with the new bomber at Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico and Harvard Army Air Field, Nebraska. Although Japan had surrendered, the squadron completed its transition into the Superfortress and, in January 1946, moved to Clovis Army Air Field, New Mexico.[2][3][4]

The 6th Reconnaissance Squadron at Roswell Army Air Field was reassigned from the 468th Bombardment Group to the 311th Reconnaissance Wing on 7 March 1946 as Strategic Air Command consolidated its reconnaissance assets under the 311th Wing.[5][6] The 791st moved to Roswell that day and was reassigned to the 468th Bombardment Group as the group's third squadron and became one of the first units in Strategic Air Command The squadron's stay at Roswell was short, as it was inactivated on 31 March 1946 along with the 468th.[1][7]

Lineage

  • Constituted as the 791st Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 19 May 1943
Activated on 1 August 1943
Redesignated 791st Bombardment Squadron, Heavy c. 10 August 1944
Redesignated 791st Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 5 August 1945
Inactivated on 31 March 1946[1]

Assignments

  • 467th Bombardment Group, 1 August 1943
  • 468th Bombardment Group, 7–31 March 1946[1]

Stations

Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Aircraft

Campaigns

Campaign Streamer Campaign Dates Notes
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Air Offensive, Europe 12 March 1944 – 5 June 1944 [1]
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Normandy 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 [1]
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Northern France 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 [1]
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Rhineland 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 [1]
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Ardennes-Alsace 16 December 1944 – 25 January 1945 [1]
Файл:Streamer EAMEC.PNG Central Europe 22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945 [1]

See also

References

Explanatory notes

Шаблон:Notelist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Air Force Historical Research Agency

Шаблон:United States Air Force Шаблон:Strategic Air Command Шаблон:USAAF 8th Air Force UK Шаблон:USAAF 2d Air Force World War II

Партнерские ресурсы
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Разное

  1. ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Maurer791BS не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 342–343
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Freeman, p. 259
  4. ↑ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 436–437
  5. ↑ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 794
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 343–344
  8. ↑ Station number in Anderson, p. 21.
  9. ↑ Station information in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 758–759, except as noted.
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