Английская Википедия:815 Naval Air Squadron
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military unit
815 Naval Air Squadron is a Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm squadron flying the AgustaWestland Wildcat HMA.2 helicopter and is the Navy's front line Wildcat Naval Air Squadron. The squadron is based at RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron) in Somerset. The squadron is capable of carrying out multiple roles such as: counter-narcotics, anti-piracy, Above Surface Warfare (ASW), search and rescue, disaster relief and flying and engineering training.[1] In the early 2000s, the Navy said that the squadron was largest helicopter squadron in Europe.[2]
History
Second World War
The squadron formed at RNAS Worthy Down on 9 October 1939, from the remnants of 811 and 822 squadrons that had survived the sinking of their carrier Шаблон:HMS in September 1939, with Fairey Swordfish aircraft.[3] The squadron disbanded in November 1939 but reformed the same month.[3] In May 1940 the squadron provided support to the Dunkirk evacuation.[3] In June 1940, the squadron embarked on Шаблон:HMS and sailed for the Mediterranean in August, attacking and minelaying Benghazi, Rhodes and Tobruk.[3] The squadron gained early fame with its involvement in the Battle of Taranto in 1940, when the Italian Battlefleet in harbour at Taranto was raided; which redefined the use of air power from the sea. The aircraft of the commanding officer was lost, against the crippling of half the Italian fleet.[3] In March 1941, the squadron fought in the Battle of Cape Matapan. The squadron re-equipped in August 1941, with a mixture of Swordfish and Fairey Albacore aircraft, operating from shore bases in support of the North African campaign.[3] In July 1943, 815 Squadron was assigned to No. 201 (Naval Co-operation) Group with a detachment of Swordfish assigned to AHQ Malta; the units participating in Operation Husky on 10 July 1943, before 815 Squadron was disbanded.
On Fairey Barracudas
The squadron reformed in October 1943 at RNAS Lee-on-Solent (HMS Daedalus) to operate Fairey Barracuda torpedo bombers, operating from Шаблон:HMS with the Eastern Fleet, attacking targets in Sumatra, August–September 1944.[4] In November 1944 the squadron disbanded and reformed in December at RNAS Machrihanish (HMS Landrail), flying Barracudas for anti-submarine operations, the following month being spent doing DLT (deck landing training) on Шаблон:HMS.[3] The squadron was transferred to the Far East aboard Шаблон:HMS but saw no action before VJ-Day and returned to the UK in September 1945 aboard Шаблон:HMS.[3]
Post war
Avenger and Gannet
The squadron disbanded some time after the war and reformed in 1947 from 744 Squadron, flying Grumman Avengers, which were replaced with Fairey Gannets, the last fixed-wing aircraft of the squadron when it disbanded at RNAS Culdrose (HMS Seahawk), July 1958.[5]
Westland Whirlwind
In September 1958, the squadron reformed on Westland Whirlwind HAS.7 helicopters, moving to RNAS Portland (HMS Osprey) when engine trouble started to plague the Whirlwinds. The squadron eventually disbanded here in August 1959 by being renumbered to 737 Squadron.[5] The squadron reformed again on 8 September 1959, still on Whirlwinds and after a Far East tour on Шаблон:HMS, it disbanded again in December 1960.[5]
Westland Wessex
On 4 July 1961, the squadron recommissioned at RNAS Culdrose with the Westland Wessex HAS.1.[6] The squadron embarked on Шаблон:HMS in November 1961, moving to Шаблон:HMS in 1964 and provided support against disturbances in Aden and in Tanganyika (now Tanzania). After a final deployment on Ark Royal, the unit disbanded at RNAS Culdrose in October 1966.[5]
Westland Lynx
In January 1981, after a gap of some 15 years, the squadron re-commissioned at RNAS Yeovilton (HMS Heron) with the Lynx HAS.2 as the Headquarters Squadron for embarked Lynx Flights. It then moved to RNAS Portland (HMS Osprey) in 1982 and it saw action during the Falklands War of 1982. The flights were shared with 829 Naval Air Squadron until they were amalgamated in 1993, to become the largest helicopter squadron in the world.[6] In 1998–99 after an absence of nearly 17 years, the unit moved back to RNAS Yeovilton, with the closure of RNAS Portland.
In September 2000 a Lynx Helicopter from 815 NAS took part in Operation Barras. The aircraft, flown by Lt Cdr Al Jones and Lt Nigel Cunningham as the Observer flew over 30 missions deep into the Sierra Leone Jungle. In 2002, a Lynx from 815 Squadron crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while participating in a joint British–American exercise, with the loss of the pilot, Lieutenant Rod Skidmore and observer, Lieutenant Jenny Lewis.[7] Several of the Lynx helicopters are stated as part of the Response Force Task Group.[8] In July 2012, three Lynx helicopters supported the Olympics security operation embarked on HMS Ocean tasked with intercepting aircraft that entered restricted airspace.[9][10] In November 2012, the Lynx of 217 Flight deployed to the Horn of Africa for four months on board the French frigate Surcouf, the first extended deployment of a British helicopter on a French warship.[11]
AgustaWestland Wildcat
The squadron currently operates the AgustaWestland Wildcat HMA.2 which replaced the Lynx HMA.8. The squadron received the first four of twelve Wildcats in April 2016.[12] The retirement of the Lynx fleet began in December 2014 and was completed in March 2017.[13][14]
Current composition
The squadron is composed of a Headquarters and fifteen flights and an attached Maritime Interdiction (MI) Flight.[15][2][1] The squadron's Small Ship's Flights embark in Type 23 frigates, Type 45 destroyers or Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships.[2][12] In September 2018, 213 Flight conducted the first Wildcat landing on a Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carrier.[16][17] The Maritime Interdiction (MI) Flight is maintained at high readiness to provide support and assistance to counter-terrorism in the UK.[18][1]
In 2014, the Navy said after the squadron completes the transition from the Lynx to the Wildcat the squadron would consist of twelve single-manned flights at readiness for deployed operations worldwide and two double-manned Maritime Counter Terrorism (MCT) flights at very high readiness in the UK.[19]
Aircraft flown
The squadron flies the Wildcat HMA.2. A list of aircraft that have been flown by 815 Naval Air Squadron include:[20][4]
- Fairey Swordfish Mks.I, II
- Fairey Albacore Mk.I
- Fairey Fulmar Mks.I, II
- Fairey Barracuda Mk.II, TR.3
- Grumman Wildcat Mk.VI
- Fairey Firefly T
- Grumman Avenger TBM-3E, AS.4, AS.5
- Fairey Gannet AS.1, T.2, AS.4
- Westland Whirlwind HA.R3, HAS.7
- Westland Wessex HAS.1
- Westland Lynx HAS.2, HAS.3, HMA.8
- AgustaWestland Wildcat HMA.2
Battle honours
815 Naval Air Squadron has received the following battle honours.[21]
- North Sea 1940
- Mediterranean 1940–42
- Taranto 1940
- Libya 1941–42
- Matapan 1941
- Burma 1944
- East Indies 1944
- Falkland Islands 1982
- Kuwait 1991
References
Citations
Bibliography
External links
Шаблон:Royal Naval Air Squadrons
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:OGL-attribution
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6 3,7 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:OGL-attribution
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 Шаблон:Cite press release
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite press release
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite press release
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite press release
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite tweet
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:OGL-attribution
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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