Английская Википедия:95th Reconnaissance Squadron

The 95th Reconnaissance Squadron is a squadron of the United States Air Force. It is assigned to the 55th Operations Group, Air Combat Command, stationed at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska. The squadron is equipped with several variants of the Boeing C-135 aircraft equipped for reconnaissance missions.^[1]

The 95th is one of the oldest units in the United States Air Force, first being organized as the 95th Aero Squadron on 20 August 1917 at Kelly Field, Texas. The squadron deployed to France and fought on the Western Front during World War I as a pursuit squadron.^[2]

During World War II the unit served in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO) as part of Twelfth Air Force as a B-26 Marauder light bomber squadron, participating in the North African and the Southern France Campaign. In the Cold War, the squadron fought in the Korean War with Douglas B-26 Invader medium bombers, then later as part of Strategic Air Command, flying TR-1A Dragonlady reconnaissance aircraft supporting NATO.^[3]

Mission

Conducts RC-135 Rivet Joint flight operations in the European and Mediterranean theaters of operations as tasked by National Command Authorities and European Command. Provides all operational management, aircraft maintenance, administration, and intelligence support to produce politically sensitive real-time intelligence data vital to national foreign policy. Supports EC-135, OC-135 Open Skies, and Boeing E-4B missions when theater deployed.

Although it is a component of the 55th Operations Group, main flying operations are conducted from RAF Mildenhall, United Kingdom and Souda Bay, Crete.

History

Шаблон:Main

World War I

The 95th was originally activated as the 95th Aero Squadron (a fighter unit) on 20 August 1917 at Kelly Field in Texas. It deployed to various locations in France during World War I, initially at Issoudun Aerodrome. On 5 May 1918, it was assigned to the 1st Pursuit Group. Well-known pilots with the 95th Aero Squadron who perished in World War I included Lt. Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest son of President Theodore Roosevelt, and Irby Curry. Both of them died while the squadron was based in Saints Aerodrome, France.Шаблон:Citation needed A number of aces also served with the unit, including Lansing Holden, Sumner Sewall, Harold Buckley, Edward Peck Curtis, James Knowles, and one of its commanding officers, Captain David M. Peterson.^[4]

After the war ended on 11 November 1918, the 95th Aero Squadron was demobilized on 18 March 1919. As the 95th Pursuit Squadron it conducted bombing missions on the Clinton River to prevent flooding in communities near the river caused by an ice jam. As the 95th Attack Squadron, it flew reconnaissance missions in March 1938 to support flood relief operations in southern California.^[5]

Interwar years

The 95th Aero Squadron underwent various activations and inactivations over the years and experienced numerous name changes.

World War II

During World War II, it was known as the 95th Bombardment Squadron (Medium) and was a squadron in the 17th Bombardment Group that provided North American B-25 Mitchells and 6 crews for the Doolittle Raid and later flew the Martin B-26 Marauder in the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations.

Korean War

Шаблон:Empty section

Reconnaissance operations

After being inactivated on 25 June 1958, it was redesignated as the 95th Reconnaissance Squadron on 20 January 1982 and reactivated at RAF Alconbury in the United Kingdom on 1 October 1982. It flew Lockheed U-2 and TR-1 aircraft in support of NATO and United States Air Forces Europe missions. After the end of the Cold War, the 95th was no longer needed and the unit was inactivated on 15 September 1993. This hiatus did not last long as the unit was reactivated on 1 July 1994 at RAF Mildenhall, this time flying the RC-135 Rivet Joint and OC-135 Open Skies aircraft.

Lineage

Organized as the 95th Aero Squadron (Pursuit) on 20 August 1917

Redesignated as: 95th Aero Squadron (Pursuit), on 5 March 1918

Demobilized on 18 March 1919<^[2]

Reconstituted^[5] and organized on 12 August 1919

Redesignated 95th Squadron (Pursuit) on 14 March 1921

Redesignated 95th Pursuit Squadron on 30 September 1922

Redesignated 95th Pursuit Squadron, Air Service on 25 January 1923

Redesignated 95th Pursuit Squadron, Air Corps on 8 August 1926

Inactivated on 31 July 1927

Redesignated 95th Pursuit Squadron and activated, on 1 June 1928

Redesignated 95th Attack Squadron on 1 March 1935

Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron (Medium) on 17 October 1939

Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Medium on 9 October 1944

Inactivated on 26 November 1945

Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Light on 29 April 1947

Activated on 19 May 1947

Inactivated on 10 September 1948

Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Light, Night Intruder on 8 May 1952

Activated on 10 May 1952

Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Tactical on 1 October 1955

Inactivated on 25 June 1958

Redesignated 95th Reconnaissance Squadron on 20 January 1982

Activated on 1 October 1982

Inactivated on 15 September 1993

Activated on 1 July 1994^[6]

Assignments

Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-break

Post Headquarters, Kelly Field, 20 August 1917
Aviation Concentration Center, 30 September 1917
Headquarters Air Service, AEF, 11–16 November 1917^[7]
Third Aviation Instruction Center, 16 November 1917
1st Pursuit Organization Center, 16 February 1918
1st Pursuit Group, 5 May 1918
1st Air Depot, 11 December 1918^{[note 1]}
Advanced Section Services of Supply, 6 February 1919
Eastern Department, 1–18 March 1919^[8]
1st Pursuit Group, 12 August 1919
Air Corps Training Center, c. 7 June-31 July 1927
Unknown, 1 June 1928 – 30 May 1929^{[note 2]}

Шаблон:Col-break

17th Pursuit Group (later 17th Attack; 17th Bombardment Group), 31 May 1929 – 26 November 1945 (attached to 7th Bombardment Group until 29 October 1931)
17th Bombardment Group, 19 May 1947 – 10 September 1948
17th Bombardment Group, 10 May 1952 – 25 June 1958 (attached to 17th Bombardment Wing after 8 June 1957)
17th Reconnaissance Wing, 1 October 1982
9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing (later 9th Reconnaissance) Wing), 30 June 1991 – 15 September 1993
55th Operations Group, 1 July 1994 – present^[9]

Шаблон:Col-end

Stations

Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-break

Kelly Field, Texas, 20 August 1917
Hazelhurst Field, New York, 5–27 October 1917
Liverpool, England, 10 November 1917^[2]
British Rest Camp #2, Le Havre, France, 13 November 1917^[2]
Issoudun Aerodrome, France, 16 November 1917
Villeneuve-les-Vertus Aerodrome, France, 16 February 1918
Epiez Aerodrome, France, 1 April 1918
Gengault Aerodrome, Toul, France, 4 May 1918
Touquin Aerodrome, France, 28 June 1918
Saints Aerodrome, France, 9 July 1918
Rembercourt Aerodrome, France, 2 September 1918

Flight operated from Verdun Aerodrome, France, 7–11 November 1918

Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome, France, 11 December 1918
Brest, France, France, 6–19 February 1919
Camp Mills, New York, 1 March 1919
Mitchell Field, New York, 4–18 March 1919^[2]
Selfridge Field, Michigan, 12 August 1919
Kelly Field, Texas, 31 August 1919
Ellington Field, Texas, 1 July 1921
Selfridge Field, Michigan, 1 July 1922
March Field, California, 7 June-31 July 1927
Rockwell Field, California, 1 June 1928
March Field, California, 29 October 1931
Rockwell Field, California, 3 May 1932
March Field, California, 14 May 1932
Rockwell Field, California, 1 July 1932

Шаблон:Col-break

March Field, California, 9 August 1932^{[note 3]}
Rentschler Field, Connecticut, 2 May 1938
March Field, California, 20 May 1938 (operated from Kern County Airport, California, 14–26 January 1940
McChord Field, Washington, 26 June 1940
Pendleton Field, Oregon, 29 June 1941
Lexington County Airport, South Carolina, 15 February 1942
Barksdale Field, Louisiana, 24 June-18 Nov 1942
Telergma Airfield, Algeria, c. 24 December 1942
Sedrata Airfield, Algeria, 14 May 1943
Djedeida Airfield, Tunisia, 25 June 1943
Villacidro Airfield, Sardinia, France, c. 5 December 1943
Poretta Airfield, Corsica, Italy, c. 19 September 1944
Dijon Airfield (Y-9),^[10] France, c. 21 November 1944
Linz Airport, Austria, c. 14 June 1945
Ebensee, Austria (Ground echelon), 5 July 1945
Clastres Airfield, France, c. 3 October-c. 17 November 1945
Camp Myles Standish, Massachusetts, 25–26 November 1945
Langley Field, Virginia, 19 May 1947 – 10 September 1948
Pusan East (K-9) Air Base,^[11] South Korea, 10 May 1952 (operated from Pusan West Air Base (K-1),^[11] South Korea, 1 October-20 December 1952)
Miho Air Base, Japan, c. 9 October 1954 – c. 19 March 1955
Hurlburt Field, Florida, 1 April 1955 – 25 June 1958
RAF Alconbury, England, 1 October 1982 – 15 September 1993
RAF Mildenhall, England, 1 July 1994 – present^[12]

Шаблон:Col-end

Aircraft

Шаблон:Div col

Nieuport 28, 1917–1918
SPAD S.XIII, 1918, 1919
Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5, 1919–1922
Thomas-Morse MB-3, 1922–1925
Fokker D.VII, 1919–1925
Dayton-Wright DH-4, 1919–1925
Curtiss PW–8 Hawk, 1924–1926
Curtiss P-1 Hawk, 1925–1927
Boeing PW-9, 1928–1929
Boeing P-12, 1929–1934, 1935–1936
Boeing P-26 Peashooter, 1934–1935
Northrop A-17, 1936–1939
Douglas B-18 Bolo, 1939–1940
Douglas B-23 Dragon, 1940–1941
North American B-25 Mitchell, 1941–1942
Martin B-26 Marauder, 1942–1945
Douglas B-26 Invader, 1952–1956
Douglas B-66 Destroyer, 1956–1958
Lockheed U-2, 1991–1993
Lockheed TR-1, 1991–1993^[1]
Boeing RC-135U Combat Sent, 1994–presentШаблон:Citation needed
Boeing RC-135V Rivet Joint, 1994–presentШаблон:Citation needed
Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joint, 1994–presentШаблон:Citation needed
Boeing OC-135B Open Skies, 1994–presentШаблон:Citation needed

Шаблон:Div col end

References

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Air Force Historical Research Agency

External links

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок 95RSfacts не указан текст
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 ^2,4 GorrellШаблон:Page needed
↑ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 316–318
↑ Franks, p. 86
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 Clay, p. 1436
↑ Lineage in Bailey, except as noted.
↑ Assignments through November 1917 in Gorrell.Шаблон:Page needed
↑ Assignments from December 1918 through demobilization in Gorrell.Шаблон:Page needed
↑ Assignments in Bailey, except as noted.
↑ Station number in Johnson.
↑ ^11,0 ^11,1 Station number in Endicott, p. 178.
↑ Stations in Bailey, except as indicated.

Ошибка цитирования Для существующих тегов <ref> группы «note» не найдено соответствующего тега <references group="note"/>

[95RSfacts-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок 95RSfacts не указан текст

[Gorrell-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 ^2,4 GorrellШаблон:Page needed

[Maurer95BS-3] Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 316–318

[4] Franks, p. 86

[Clay-5] 5,0 ^5,1 Clay, p. 1436

[6] Lineage in Bailey, except as noted.

[7] Assignments through November 1917 in Gorrell.Шаблон:Page needed

[9] Assignments from December 1918 through demobilization in Gorrell.Шаблон:Page needed

[11] Assignments in Bailey, except as noted.

[13] Station number in Johnson.

[Endicott-14] 11,0 ^11,1 Station number in Endicott, p. 178.

[15] Stations in Bailey, except as indicated.

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[4]

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