Английская Википедия:A-class destroyer (1913)
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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe A class as designated in 1913 was a heterogeneous group of torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s. Some 42 vessels were constructed to the individual designs of their builders to meet Admiralty specifications, the only uniting feature being a specified top speed of Шаблон:Convert. In fact the initial six vessels were generally differentiated by a slightly lower speed and were often referred to as "26-knotters" to distinguish them from the following batch of thirty-six vessels; all fifteen surviving "27-knotter" vessels were classified by the Admiralty as the A class in 1913 to provide some system to the naming of HM destroyers. All of the "26-knotters" and most of the "27-knotters" had been lost or scrapped before the 1913 classification (and so - strictly speaking - never survived to become 'A' class), but for convenience all 42 ships are listed below. The number of funnels varied from one to four. All vessels had a distinctive "turtleback" forecastle that was intended to clear water from the bow, but actually tended to dig the bow in to anything of a sea, resulting in a very wet conning position.
They generally displaced around 260 tons and had a length of around Шаблон:Convert. All were powered by triple expansion steam engines and had coal-fired water-tube boilers (although initially, some had "locomotive type" fire-tube boilers in lieu). Armament was generally one QF 12 pounder on a bandstand on the forecastle, up to five QF 6 pounder and 2 single tubes for Шаблон:Convert torpedoes.[1] The six 1892-93 Programme ships initially had a third tube in the bow, fixed to fire straight ahead, but this was found to weigh down the bows and it was possible for the ship to run over its own torpedo when moving at high speed, so these were later removed and this feature was not repeated in later vessels.
Ships
The 26-knotter group
Six ships were ordered under the 1892-93 programme:
- Шаблон:Sclass destroyer; both built by John I. Thornycroft & Company, Chiswick.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 25 November 1893, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 7 February 1894, sunk in collision with Arun 13 August 1904.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by Yarrow Shipbuilders, Poplar.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 12 August 1893, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 3 December 1893, sold for breaking up 12 October 1909.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by Laird Brothers, Birkenhead.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 9 December 1893, dismantled 1910 and sunk as target 1911.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 24 January 1894, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
The 27-knotter group
Initially six torpedo boat destroyers (the Thornycroft and Yarrow vessels below) were ordered under the 1893-94 Programme, but a series of follow-up orders raised the programme to thirty-six vessels. The initial Estimates contained a sum of about £651,000 for payments on fourteen vessels, but the postponement of the First Class cruiser programme for that year allowed twenty-five destroyers to be ordered in that year, with the balance of eleven vessels funded under the 1894-95 Estimates (but still under the 1893-94 Programme).[2]
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by John I. Thornycroft & Company, Chiswick.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 16 October 1894, sold for breaking up 10 October 1911.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 28 November 1894, lost in collision with SS St Patrick in the Channel 8 February 1918.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 27 February 1895, sold for breaking up 26 May 1914.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Yarrow Shipbuilders Ltd, Poplar.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 15 September 1894, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 28 November 1894, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 16 June 1894, sold for breaking up 9 July 1912.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Laird Brothers, Birkenhead
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 17 November 1894, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 1 December 1894, sold for breaking up 11 July 1911.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 15 December 1894, sold for breaking up 9 July 1912.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by J. Samuel White, Cowes
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 13 December 1894, sold for breaking up 20 May 1920.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 9 February 1895, sold for breaking up 9 July 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 27 February 1895, sold for breaking up 20 May 1920.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by Hanna, Donald & Wilson, Paisley.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 20 March 1895, sold for breaking up 20 May 1920.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 10 May 1895, sold for breaking up 20 May 1920.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Fairfields, Govan
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 9 March 1895, sold for breaking up 1916 at Hong Kong.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 27 March 1895, sold for breaking up 1912 at Hong Kong.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 28 December 1895, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 16 December 1895, sold for breaking up 11 July 1911.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 18 September 1895, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Palmers, Jarrow.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 12 March 1895, sold for breaking up 1914 at Hong Kong.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 10 April 1895, sunk, probably by mine, 30 June 1915.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 19 September 1895, sold for breaking up 29 April 1920.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Hawthorn, Newcastle upon Tyne.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 9 August 1895, sold for breaking up 7 June 1920.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 4 October 1895, sold for breaking up 29 July 1920.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 28 May 1895, sold for breaking up 20 July 1920.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by J & G Thomson (later to become John Brown and Company), Clydebank.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 14 August 1894, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 22 September 1894, sold for breaking up 11 July 1911.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 10 November 1894, sold for breaking up 23 March 1920.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by Earle's, Kingston upon Hull.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 15 January 1895, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 30 January 1895, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:Sclass; all built by Naval Construction and Armament Company (later to become Vickers and eventually Vickers-Armstrongs), Barrow in Furness.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 21 July 1894, sold for breaking up 14 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 26 January 1895, sold for breaking up 15 May 1912.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 13 March 1895, sold for breaking up 9 April 1907.
- Шаблон:Sclass; both built by Armstrong Mitchell and Company (later part of Vickers-Armstrongs), Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 7 June 1895, sold for breaking up 11 October 1910.
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 27 February 1895, sold for breaking up 10 April 1912.
- Zebra class; built by Thames Iron Works, Bow Creek
- Шаблон:HMS, launched 13 December 1895, sold for breaking up 30 July 1914.
References
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite Colledge2006
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
External links
Шаблон:A class destroyer (1913) Шаблон:WWI British ships
- ↑ Lyon, op.cit., p.20.