Английская Википедия:AVATAR MUD
Шаблон:About Шаблон:Multiple issues Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:VG Role-playing Шаблон:Infobox video game
A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD is a free, online, massively multiplayer, fantasy, text-based role-playing game[1] (or MUD), set in a real-time virtual environment. It combines elements of role-playing games, hack and slash style computer games, adventure games and social gaming.[2]
It began as an LPMUD called Farside MUD[3] at Newcastle University, in the summer of 1991, before ultimately relocating to the United States.[4] It suffered catastrophic loss of data in August 1994,[5] which led to a switch to the Merc code base. On 8 August 1995, its name was changed to A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD.[6]
Over two decades, the game's environment has grown into a fictional world spanning 327 areas[7] across 20 planes, comprising 20,000 unique rooms with gameplay and features that significantly deviate from the original Merc codebase.
History
Early days
The MUD was started in the summer of 1991 as an LPMUD called Farside MUD.[3] It was initially hosted on the servers of Newcastle University by three PhD computer science candidates. It later moved to Swansea University[3] until they announced a ban on mudding,[8][9] before crossing the Atlantic to take up residence on a couple of machines in the United States of America.[4]
The switch from LPMUD to Merc 2.2
Catastrophic loss of data in August 1994,[5] presented the implementors with an opportunity to switch to the Merc code base.
Farside MUD was created during the summer of 1991 with the established LPMUD codebase, released two years prior. The original DikuMUD code base was released just a few months before Farside's creation on 1 March 1991, and had yet to become popular at that time.
DikuMUD was quickly followed by the creation of CopperMUD in June 1991. In December 1991, CopperMUD released its source code, leading to the creation of MercMUD on 18 December 1992. The final Merc codebase (version 2.2) was released on 24 November 1993, and this newer codebase was chosen by Farside MUD the following year due to the gameplay similarities with LPMUD.[10]
Avatar's position within the MUD trees
The MUD trees below depict the hierarchy of derivation of the A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD codebase. Solid lines between boxes indicate code relationships, while dotted lines indicate conceptual relationships. Dotted boxes indicate that the codebase is outside the family depicted. To see the full trees, please visit the main article.
Change of name
On 8 August 1995, after disagreements between the implementors, Farside MUD became A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD. The MUD administrator, code named Snikt, changed all of the admin passwords and locked out the MUD's owner, code named Rox. Rox would later start a new MUD, Barren Realms, using a heavily modified merc2.2 code base.[11] The MUD's newsletter, published two days later, states:
Although the implementors of A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD[12] retained the right to use the "Farside MUD" name, the new name reflected the change in leadership and avoided the possibility of being sued[13] by The Far Side comic strip's creator. The new name is an acronym which stands for "Advanced Virtual Adventures Through Artificial Realities"[14] and was inspired by the computing term "avatar".
Development
Over the 22 years (as of 2014) that the MUD has been running, the Merc 2.2 code base has been extensively updated and modified.
Game tiers
A.V.A.T.A.R.'s tiered level system is an original design feature.[15][16] The original 35 game levels of the Merc codebase, extended to 50 levels, now form the lowest playable tier of the game, referred to as "Mortal." A hero tier was added in 1994, followed by two other higher tiers; Lord and Legend (team-based player-versus-player) in June 1996.[2][17][18] Prior to the tier system, the MUD had a simple level progression from 1–1000.[19]
Classes and races
Characters possess gender, race, and class.[2][20] The mud has 28 creatable races (of which two are 'evolutionary' – containing 14 sub-races), nine quest races (elemental giants and chromatic dragons, added mid-2013), ten 'remort' (second playthrough) races, and two 'ascension' (pvp legend tier specific) races. All together, players currently have access to 61 races, not counting grandfathered races or races only available to non-player characters and staff members.
The game has seven creatable classes, nine 'prestige' (quest accessible) classes, and five powerful 'remort' classes, for a total of twenty-one classes, not counting grandfathered classes or classes only available to NPCs and staff members.
Area building
Though the Merc MUD codebases usually come with a set of 52 stock areas, all of A.V.A.T.A.R.'s areas are non-stock. Some areas retain the theme of the stock areas they replaced.[7] The MUD continues to grow, with 327 areas online as of January 2014. In addition to these permanent additions, temporary areas and quests are regularly added to the MUD, and older, less-visited areas are either revamped or removed.[2][21]
Development staff
The coders of the MUD are members of its Immortal staff, formed from dedicated volunteers who largely forego playing the game in order to devote their time to its maintenance and development.[22] "Trackies" form a second tier of staff which is split into seven tracks (Builder, Design, Publicity, Quest, Retro, Tester, Web).[23]
Influence on other MUDs
As Farside MUD, it donated FTP space to a 1993 inter-MUD project to produce an area editor called "Make.Zones.Fast".[24] Design features and code from A.V.A.T.A.R. has been borrowed by other MUDs. Examples of code featuring copied or imitative code which credit A.V.A.T.A.R. can be found on repositories like MUDBytes.net.[15][25][26]
Features
Free to play
A.V.A.T.A.R. is a 100% free-to-play game. Unlike freemium games, there is no system to pay for additional benefits.
The license for Diku codebase states:
Thus the game is developed and run entirely by a large staff of volunteers.[27][28]
Multi-platform
The game can be played on various devices (such as smart phones and tablets) and operating systems. A connection to the game server can be established by:
- Opening a web browser window on any internet-connected computer and using the built-in client application on the official website[29] or Facebook.[30]
- Using a web browser or telnet at the command prompt to open a port in Windows,[31][32] OSX,[33] Linux,[34] etc.
- Downloading[35] a MUD client[36] or TELNET client software for a computer, or an Android or iOS MUD client mobile app for a smartphone or tablet computer
As all game data is stored on the server, players can switch devices.
Fantasy setting
A.V.A.T.A.R. is set in a fantasy world, which occasionally incorporates elements from other fictional genres, such as steampunk. Combat is primarily conducted through melee, martial arts, and spells, alongside thrown weapons and archery. Most transportation is achieved by "walking" (following directions to an adjacent room), though there are other options including foot ferries, guides, transportation spells, planar travel. and permanent portals. The theme is further reinforced through the use of ASCII art.[37]
Parental controls
Due to the presence of younger players, the MUD has a strict language policy which is enforced through automatic logging of bad language and monitoring by staff members. In addition to this, players may select the option to censor common vulgar words appearing in communications from other players.
Accessibility
As a text-based game, it is used by the blind and visually impaired with the assistance of screen reading software, and also the hearing impaired who are not disadvantaged due to the absence of auditory cues.[38]
Playing with a screen reader can also help those with low literacy or learning disabilities[39] to enjoy the game whilst helping them improve their language skills, computer literacy and social skills.
Some MUD clients include customisable user interfaces, such as definable buttons or rollers, which can largely remove the need to manually type commands, which is very helpful for those whose ability to operate a keyboard is impaired. Computer accessibility issues can then be overcome with assistive technologies, such as a footmouse.
Education
AVATAR has had a connection with education since 1994, when a large group of students[40] from a US school began to play, followed by some staff members, and ultimately resulting in the principal joining the MUD as a staff member.[41] Since then, those chosen to be immortals have often held careers in education, alongside more traditional fields like programming.
Staff noted that their students' literacy skills improved, with academic literature suggesting it is because they found the creative writing and interactive content of the mud compelling to read, and because they needed a certain level of communicative competence to be able to interact with both the computer server running the game and their fellow players to achieve their goals.[42][43] Through their participation, they were also encouraged to develop collaborative teamwork and social skills in order to overcome the challenges presented to them.[44]
The students, though playing as part of a player community of various ages and nationalities, were impressed that they were taken seriously and treated as competent peers by older members, and thus had the opportunity to create new content[45][46] or influence the policies and game mechanics of the MUD.[47] Many of these students went on to become staff members themselves,[48] and apply their experiences in the real world.[49]
Having educators involved in the design and development of the game resulted in new features such as the creation of a "Mud School" to train new players in how to interact and play the game, and a new tier of volunteer staff (angels) to care for and assist new and younger players.[50][51][52] This is complemented by the MUD's family-friendly policy.
Gameplay
The game is open to anyone[53] and permits multiple connections from the same IP address (as long as each active character is controlled by a separate player).[54]
New characters begin in the "Mudschool" area, which teaches the basic commands, game mechanics and rules of the game.[2] Roleplay on A.V.A.T.A.R. is encouraged but not enforced, so much of a player's activity involves finding mobs (non-player characters) to perform quests for, slay for experience points, or somehow acquire desirable items from, and exploration in order to enjoy the writing and story of an area or discover easter eggs and other secrets.[2] As a social space, the game comprises only half of the attraction of the MUD,[2] with players using various tools such as public and private chat channels,[55] an in-game messaging system and forums[56][57] to engage one another. Players can buy, sell, and trade gear.[2]
As player characters gain experience points, they will increase in level, slowly rising through the four tiers of the game: Mortal ( 1–50 ), Hero ( 51[1]-51[999] ), Lord ( 125[1]-125[999] ), and Legend ( 250[1]-250[999] ). At each tier, the style of gameplay changes.[2] Players can explore the world solo or in groups.[58]
In other media
The MUD has been examined in the papers and presentations of anthropologist Dr. Mizuko Ito,[22][59][60][61] a thesis[62] by tech entrepreneur Kraettli Epperson, and other papers.[63][64] It has featured in MUD history articles,[65][66] Orlando Sentinel's article on TELNET[67] and in a video tutorial[68] and tutorial article[69] about CMD.
An introductory article to A.V.A.T.A.R. was printed in Mensa's[70] RPSIG publication 'Re:Quests!'[2] and also in the 1 October 1994 edition of the "Sunlight Through The Shadows" BBS's electronic magazine,[71] and other publications.[72][73][74][75] After running for a couple of years, Immortal "Asamaro" created the publication "the Farside Gazette" on 15 December 1994,[76] which continued to be regularly published, latterly as "the AVATAR Gazette", until May 2009.[77]
References
External links
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 http://www.oocities.org/rpgsig/articles/ar43mk01.html Re:Quests!, issue No. 43, November 1997, pp. 28–29; Mary H Kelly, editor. Updated 11/12/99 by MHK.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 http://www.itofisher.com/PEOPLE/mito/papers/cyberfantasies.html Ito "In August, the machine that Farside was living in experienced a system failure, and all player files and interface elements were lost." Mizuko Ito, Stanford University, 3/December/1994 "Cybernetic Fantasies: Extensions of Selfhood in a Multi-User Dungeon"
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/infusions/adv_articles/adv_articles.php?art_id=96 10 August 1995 Gazette article confirming the continuity of player characters and areas despite the name change.
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topicsearchin/rec.games.mud.misc/after$3A1995$2F05$2F01$20before$3A1995$2F05$2F31/rec.games.mud.misc/OFfqJPF9LmA Rec.Games.Mud.Misc post from 19 May 1995, identifying Snikt as Daemon of Farside, prior to the name change later that year.
- ↑ http://www.portmann.com/farside/index.html?home.html Gary Larson's cease and desist letter.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 15,0 15,1 http://www.mudbytes.net/file-2602 Merc / Rom? 2000 Sublevels
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 22,0 22,1 http://www.itofisher.com/PEOPLE/mito/papers/Ito.4S94.pdf Mizuko Ito, "Cyborg Couplings In a Multi-User Dungeon", 1994 Annual Meetings of the Society for the Social Study of Science, October 13th, 1994
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ http://www.snible.org/mud/credmzf.htm Шаблон:Webarchive Farside MUD for providing space on their FTP server for MZF and MZF source. 11 November 1993
- ↑ http://www.mudbytes.net/file-2601 Merc / Rom? Spell Surging (Mage)
- ↑ http://www.mudbytes.net/file-850 Monk Class Base Code
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/infusions/imm_info/imm_list.php List of volunteers
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/infusions/staff_info/staff_list.php List of volunteers
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc771275(v=ws.10).aspx Official instructions for using TELNET in Microsoft Windows 7
- ↑ http://www.virtualworldlets.net/Resources/Hosted/Resource.php?Name=MicrosoftTelnet Instructions for connecting to MUDs with Microsoft TELNET
- ↑ http://www.wikihow.com/Use-Telnet-on-Mac-OS-X Instructions for using TELNET in OSX – method 2 is simple and direct
- ↑ http://archive09.linux.com/feature/119631 Connecting to MUDs through LINUX
- ↑ http://www.mudconnect.com/resources/Mud_Resources:Mud_Clients.html Шаблон:Webarchive List of MUD clients on MudConnect.com
- ↑ http://w2.eff.org/Net_culture/Misc/web_social_behavior.paper Шаблон:Webarchive Patterns of Social Behavior in Computer-Mediated Communications, Kraettli L. Epperson, Sociology Honors Thesis for Rice University Sociology Department To ease and organize a user's interactions with a MUD, there are many "client" programs to receive the information from the MUD. Rather than simply displaying this continuous flood of information sequentially on your screen, the client organizes your screen into areas with different sorts of information on different portions of your screen, so that the user can find information more quickly.
- ↑ http://nimud.divineright.org/webmudlister/digest.php Шаблон:Webarchive 2010 Log in screen gallery showing one of A.V.A.T.A.R.'s entry banners
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/forum/index.php A.V.A.T.A.R.S.'s web-based forums.
- ↑ https://mail.outland.org/mailman/listinfo A.V.A.T.A.R.'s mailman webserver based email forums.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ http://www.itofisher.com/PEOPLE/mito/papers/cyberfantasies.html Paper by Mizuko Ito, Stanford University, 3 December 1993
- ↑ https://www.academia.edu/2717461/Network_localities Mizuko Ito, "Network Locality", the Society for the Social Studies of Science meetings, San Diego, Mizuko Ito 1999.
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=xUDcAAAAQBAJ 1997 Virtually Embodied: The Reality of Fantasy in a Multi-User Dungeon. In Internet Culture. D. Porter, ed. Pp. 87–110. New York & London: Routledge. Ito, Mizuko, et al.
- ↑ http://w2.eff.org/Net_culture/Misc/web_social_behavior.paper Шаблон:Webarchive "Patterns of Social Behavior in Computer-Mediated Communications", Kraettli L. Epperson, Sociology Honors Thesis for Rice University Sociology Department
- ↑ http://admin.humlab.umu.se/files/pdf/therese_duppsats.pdf Шаблон:Webarchive – Dissertation "Linguistic Presence on the Internet" which uses A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD as one of its case studies.
- ↑ http://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/37729/1/02whole.pdf Шаблон:Webarchive – Mentioned in the acknowledgement, page ii
- ↑ http://massively.joystiq.com/2011/04/26/the-game-archaeologist-plays-with-muds-your-journeys-part-1/ Шаблон:Webarchive The Game Archaeologist plays with MUDs: Your journeys, part 1, Justin Olivetti for online magazine Massively
- ↑ http://yserbius.org/archive/index.php/t-185.html Шаблон:Webarchive Cyren recalls the past at A.V.A.T.A.R. MUD
- ↑ http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-03-18/lifestyle/9503170500_1_mud-farside-telnet – Orlando sentinel uses Farside mud as its example on TELNET.
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHOCVTB45_I – online CMD training course (Command Line Utilities – Part 1 of 2 – CompTIA A+ 220–701, James "Professor" Messer) using A.V.A.T.A.R. as its example.
- ↑ http://www.husd.org/cms/lib/AZ01001450/Centricity/.../CMD%20Utilities.docxШаблон:Dead link – online doc teaching CMD/telnet using A.V.A.T.A.R.
- ↑ http://www.us.mensa.org/connect/sigs/sig-listing/ MENSA RPSIG listing with " we also welcome Live Action Role-Play (LARP), Computer RPGs, and MUDs."
- ↑ http://archives.scovetta.com/pub/textfiles/magazines/stts/sun9410.asc Sunlight Through The Shadows Magazine Volume 2 Issue 10 (1 October 1994)
- ↑ http://www.lib.vt.edu/events/vsi/ivory-virtual-lives.html Шаблон:Webarchive Virtual Lives: A Reference Handbook (Contemporary World Issues), James D. Ivory PhD, page 164, Шаблон:ISBN Lists A.V.A.T.A.R. in the top 20 most active MUDs.th
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Mecklermedia's Official Internet World: World Wide Web Yellow Pages 1996, Marshall Breeding, Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ http://www.trueyellow.com/US/Groton/Missouri/Farside+Mud+Org./10166632/info.asp Very old telephone directory entry for Farside.Org
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/infusions/adv_articles/adv_articles.php?art_id=225 The Farside Gazette, 15 December 1994
- ↑ http://www.outland.org/infusions/adv_articles/adv_articles.php?art_id=274 The AVATAR Gazette, May 2009
