Английская Википедия:Abdellah Guennoun

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Файл:Habib Burguiba, Abdallah Guennun y Allal El Fasi presidiendo un banquete en la ciudad de Tánger en abril de 1957.jpg
Guennoun (standing) during a banquet in Tangier, April 1957, next to Habib Bourguiba (with bow tie) and Allal al-Fassi (with fez)

Шаблон:Moroccan literature Abdellah Guennoun (Шаблон:Lang-ar ʻAbd Allāh Gannūn; 16 September 1908 in Fes – died 9 July 1989 in Tangier) was an influential Moroccan writer, historian, essayist, poet, academic, administrator, journalist, and faqīh.[1][2] He was one of the leaders of the Nahda movement in Morocco, and served as the general secretary of the League of Moroccan Religious Scholars (Шаблон:Lang).[3][4]

He is known for writing an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-adab al-ʻArabī (Шаблон:Lang, Moroccan Intellect in Arabic Literature),[5] a three-volume anthology of Moroccan literature in Arabic that was banned by the French Protectorate.[6][7]

Guennoun also served as a member of a number of linguistic, educational, and Islamic academies and organizations in places such as Rabat, Cairo, Damascus, Baghdad, and Amman.[8][9]

Early life

Abdallah Guennoun was born in Fes in 1908 to a family of noble Idrissid lineage long associated with knowledge.[10] His family moved from Fes to Tangier in 1914.[10]

He had a traditional Islamic education, memorizing the Quran and some Hadith.[10] With access to international books in Tangier, he also taught himself Spanish and French.[10]

Career

Guennoun began his writing career early; he published in the newspaper Idhar al-Haqq (Шаблон:Lang) in 1927 when he was 20 years old.[11] He also wrote for publications such as the Egyptian literary magazine Arrissalah.[10][12][13][14][15][16]

He became active and influential in the flourishing intellectual and cultural scene in Tetuan, and he published many of his works there.[11] As part of this intellectual circle in Tetuan, he was involved in the first nationalist publication in Morocco, as-Salaam, which published its first issue October 1933.[17][11]

Guennoun was well-connected, associated with Said Hajji in the French area, Mohammed Daoud in the Spanish area, and Shakib Arslan in the Mashriq.[11] Guennoun became involved with the Moroccan Action Committee in 1934.[8]

He opened the first of the Moroccan free schools in Tangier, the Free Abdallah Guennoun School (Шаблон:Lang), and worked as a teacher in 1936.[10]

He was the editor in-chief of a monthly Islamic publication called Lisaan ad-Din (Шаблон:Lang) in the 1940s and published a number of articles.[10][18][9] He also served as the general secretary of al-Mithaq, a journal put out by the faculty of al-Qarawiyyin University.[10][18]

He refused the support Mohammed Ben Aarafa, the puppet monarch chosen by France to replace Muhammad V, whom France had exiled.[8]

Guennoun was, among other members of the Mococcan Nationalist Movement (Шаблон:Lang) including Allal al-Fassi, Abdelkhalek Torres, Abdallah Ibrahim, a member of a generation of Moroccan intellectuals brought together the political and the cultural, and who criticized the reform movement in the country, arguing that there can be "no reform without independence."[11]

Abdellah Guennoun taught Шаблон:Interlanguage link and later assisted him in the creation of Шаблон:Interlanguage link (Шаблон:Lang, "Read"), the first series of Arabic textbooks for children in Morocco, published in 1956, 1957, and 1958.[19][20]

an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī

In 1938, he published an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī fī al-adab al-ʻArabī (Шаблон:Lang, Moroccan Intellect in Arabic Literature), his three-volume anthology of Moroccan literature.[7] This anthology indexed and contextualized major Moroccan works of literature written in Arabic, and led to the development of a Moroccan literary canon.[5] Affirming both Morocco's contributions to Arabic literature and the long tradition of Arabic literature in Morocco, an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī was seen as a nationalist reaction to colonialism.[5] It was banned by the authorities of the French Protectorate, and could not be brought into the area under French colonial control, nor could it be sold, displayed, or distributed there.[6][7] Spain, however, was receptive of the work; an-Nubūgh al-Maghribī was translated into Spanish and Abdallah Guennoun was granted an honorary doctorate from a university in Madrid.[21]

He held a number of different positions. In 1937, he was made director of the Khalifi Institute (Шаблон:Lang),[9][22] then professor at the High Institute of Religion (Шаблон:Lang-ar) and the College of Theology in Tetuan (Шаблон:Lang).[22] He held the office of Minister of Justice in the Khalifi government from 1954 to 1956.[9]

He became a member of the Arab Academy of Damascus in 1956, the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo in 1961, the League of Moroccan Religious Scholars, the al-Quds Scientific Commission (Шаблон:Lang) in 1973, the Muslim World League in Mecca as a founding member in 1974, the Jordan Academy of Arabic in 1978, the Iraqi Academy of Sciences in 1979, and the Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco in 1980.[9]

In 1981, he founded al-Ihyaa' (Шаблон:Lang The Revival), a journal published by the Association of Moroccan Academics focusing on Islamic theological sciences and thought from an open, critical perspective.[23]

Death

Abdallah Guennoun died on 9 July 1989, aged 80, in Tangier.[8]

Notable works

Abdallah Guennoun's works include poetry, literary fiction, and history. Some of his most notable works include:

Legacy

Abdellah Guennoun's personal library, which he donated in 1985 to the City of Tangier, has been housed since his death in the former building of the Moroccan Debt Administration.[24]

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

  • Memoirs of important Men of Morocco: Ibn Battuta, Rabat:Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 1996
  • Dhikrayat Mashahir Rijal al-Maghrib: Ahmad Zarruq, 1954
  • Mohammed Tozy, Zakya Daoud, Abdallah Guennoun ou le dernier des Lettrés. LAMALIF (188), 1987:05, 13-16
  • Rom Landau, Portrait of Tangier, ed. Hale, 1952, chapter 30: "Guennoun"
  • CHAYBI, Ahmed. Al-Dirâsa al `adabiyya fî al-Magrib: Al-ustâdh `Abd`allâh Kanűn numudhadj, Tánger: Madrasa al-Malik Fahd al-Uliyâ li-l-Tardjuma, 1991.
  • HABABI, Fatima al-Djamiya al. Abd allâh Kanűn, Mohammedia: Mat:ba`a Fadhâla, 1991.
  • HABABI, Fatima al-Djamiya al. Abd allâh Kanűn, Casablanca: Mu`asasas Űnâ, 1997.

External links

Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Literatura Marroqui [3] (retrieved 13 February 2009)
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ هيسبريس: ذاكرة العلامة عبد الله كنون تؤسس لذاكرة مغربية حقيقية تاريخ الوصول: 14 فبراير 2010]] Шаблон:Webarchive
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 10,3 10,4 10,5 10,6 10,7 Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 11,3 11,4 Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Cbignore
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ 22,0 22,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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