Английская Википедия:Abraham Mapu
Шаблон:Expand Hebrew Шаблон:Short description
Abraham Mapu (1808 in Vilijampolė, KaunasШаблон:Snd1867 in Königsberg, Prussia) was a Lithuanian novelist. He wrote in Hebrew as part of the Haskalah (enlightenment) movement. His novels, with their lively plots encompassing heroism, adventure and romantic love in Biblical settings, contributed to the rise of the Zionist movement.[1]
Biography
Born into a Jewish family, as a child Mapu studied in a cheder where his father served as a teacher. He married in 1825.
For many years he was an impoverished, itinerant schoolmaster. Mapu gained financial security when he was appointed teacher in a government school for Jewish children. He worked as a teacher in various towns and cities, joined the Haskalah movement, and studied German, French and Russian. He also studied Latin from a translation of the Bible to that language, given to him by his local rabbi.
He returned in 1848 to Kaunas and self-published his first historical novel, Ahavat Zion. This is considered one of the first Hebrew novels. He began work on it in 1830 but completed it only in 1853. Unable to fully subsist on his book sales, he relied on the support of his brother, Matisyahu. In 1867 he moved to Königsberg due to illness, published his last book, Amon Pedagogue (Amon means something like Mentor), and died there.
Evaluation
Mapu is considered to be the first Hebrew novelist.Шаблон:Citation needed Influenced by French Romanticism, he wrote intricately plotted stories about life in ancient Israel, which he contrasted favourably with 19th-century Jewish life. His style is fresh and poetic, almost Biblical in its simple grandeur.Шаблон:Editorializing
Legacy
The romantic-nationalistic ideas in his novels later inspired David Ben-GurionШаблон:Citation needed and others active in the leadership of the modern Zionist movement that led to the establishment of the state of Israel. The American Hebrew poet, Gabriel Preil, references Mapu in one of his works and focuses on the two writers' native Lithuania.
Novels
- Ahavat Zion (1853) (Amnon, Prince and Peasant as translated by F. Jaffe in 1887)
- Ayit Tzavua (1858) (Hypocrite Eagle)
- Ashmat Shomron (1865) (Guilt of Samaria)
Commemorations
Streets bearing his name are found in the Kaunas Old Town and in the Israeli cities of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Kiriat Ata. A well-known Israeli novel called "The Children from Mapu Street" ("הילדים מרחוב מאפו") also celebrates his name. In Kaunas A. Mapu Street a joyful statue of A. Mapu with a book in his hand was established by the sculptor Martynas Gaubas in 2019.
References
External links
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:EB1911 poster
- Mapu's works (Hebrew) at Project Ben-Yehuda
- Abraham Mapu (English) at the Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature
- Шаблон:Internet Archive author
- Шаблон:Librivox author
Шаблон:Lithuania-writer-stub Шаблон:Judaism-bio-stub
- Английская Википедия
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- 1808 births
- 1867 deaths
- Jewish novelists
- Lithuanian male writers
- Lithuanian Jews
- Modern Hebrew writers
- 19th-century novelists
- Lithuanian novelists
- Male novelists
- 19th-century Lithuanian writers
- 19th-century male writers
- Writers of historical fiction set in antiquity
- Writers of historical romances
- Historical novelists
- Writers from Kaunas
- People of the Haskalah
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