Шаблон:Short description
Шаблон:Infobox award
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material. It was created in 1940 as a separate writing award from the Academy Award for Best Story . Beginning with the Oscars for 1957, the two categories were combined to honor only the screenplay.
See also the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , a similar award for screenplays that are adaptations of pre-existing material.
Eligibility
Screenplays are eligible if they are not based on "previously published material." The Writer’s Branch of the academy determines if a screenplay is adapted or original, based on possible sources in question, interviews given about the film and the film's publicity materials, and sometimes places screenplays in a different category than the Writers Guild of America . For the 75th Academy Awards , Gangs of New York was nominated as an original screenplay despite being based on the book The Gangs of New York because the writers based the film on the book's historical research but largely invented the characters and plot.[1] For the 89th Academy Awards , Moonlight was campaigned as an original screenplay, being based on an unpublished play, but was ultimately placed in the adapted screenplay category, which it won.[2] Similarly, Whiplash was considered an adapted screenplay at the 87th Academy Awards despite being written as an original screenplay because a scene from the script was produced as a proof-of-concept short film . However, 2008's Frozen River , which similarly had a proof-of-concept short film screened at film festivals, was nominated as an original screenplay.[3]
Superlatives
Файл:Woody Allen - Kup.JPG Woody Allen has received the most Oscar nominations in this category with 16 winning three times for Annie Hall , Hannah and Her Sisters and Midnight in Paris
Woody Allen has the most nominations in this category with 16, and the most awards with 3 (for Annie Hall (1977), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), and Midnight in Paris (2011)). Paddy Chayefsky and Billy Wilder have also won three screenwriting Oscars: Chayefsky won two for Original Screenplay (The Hospital and Network ) and one for Adapted Screenplay (Marty ), while Wilder won one for Adapted Screenplay (The Lost Weekend , shared with Charles Brackett ), and two for Original Screenplay (Sunset Boulevard , shared with Brackett and D.M. Marshman Jr. , and The Apartment , shared with I. A. L. Diamond )
Woody Allen also holds the record as the oldest winner (76) for Midnight in Paris .[4] Ben Affleck is the youngest winner (25) for Good Will Hunting , co-written with Matt Damon (27).
Richard Schweizer was the first to win for a foreign-language film, Marie-Louise . Other winners for a non-English screenplay include Albert Lamorisse , Pietro Germi , Claude Lelouch , Pedro Almodóvar , Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won . Lamorisse is additionally the only person to win or even be nominated for Best Original Screenplay for a short film (The Red Balloon , 1956).[5]
Frances Marion (The Big House ) was the first woman to win for her original script, although she won Best Writing, which then included both original and adapted screenplays before a separate award for Best Original Screenplay was introduced. Muriel Box (The Seventh Veil ) was the first woman to win in this category; she shared the award with her husband, Sydney Box . They are also the first of two married couples to win in this category; Earl W. Wallace and Pamela Wallace (Witness ) are the others.
In 1996, Joel Coen and Ethan Coen became the only siblings to win in this category (for Fargo ).[6] Francis Ford Coppola (Patton , 1970) [7] and Sofia Coppola (Lost in Translation , 2003) are the only father-daughter pair to win.[8]
Preston Sturges was nominated for two different films in the same year (1944): Hail the Conquering Hero and The Miracle of Morgan's Creek . Oliver Stone achieved the same distinction in 1986, for Platoon and Salvador . Maurice Richlin and Stanley Shapiro were nominated in 1959 for both Operation Petticoat and Pillow Talk and won for the latter.
Jordan Peele became the first and only African-American to win in this category for 2017's Get Out .[9]
Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won became the first Asian writers to win either Screenplay award, for 2019's Parasite .[10] [11] This was also the most recent of 10 occasions when Oscars in this category have been awarded to writers for both screenplay AND story on one film (sometimes they have been completely different, and sometimes the credited screenplay author also contributed to the story alongside at least one other credited scribe).
Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first in the colored row, followed by the other nominees.
1940s
Black-and-white portrait of Orson Welles by photographer Carl Van Vechten in 1937. Orson Welles co-won the award for Citizen Kane in 1942.
Black-and-white photo of Herman J. Mankiewicz in 1943. Herman J. Mankiewicz , co-winner of the second award in this category (for Citizen Kane ).
Year
Film
Nominee
1940 (13th) [12]
The Great McGinty
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Angels Over Broadway
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Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Foreign Correspondent
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Great Dictator
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1941 (14th) [13]
Citizen Kane
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
The Devil and Miss Jones
Шаблон:Sort
Sergeant York
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Tall, Dark and Handsome
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Tom, Dick and Harry
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1942 (15th) [14]
Woman of the Year
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
One of Our Aircraft Is Missing
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Road to Morocco
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Wake Island
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The War Against Mrs. Hadley
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1943 (16th) [15]
Princess O'Rourke
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Air Force
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In Which We Serve
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The North Star
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So Proudly We Hail!
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1944 (17th) [16]
Wilson
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Hail the Conquering Hero
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The Miracle of Morgan's Creek
Two Girls and a Sailor
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Wing and a Prayer
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1945 (18th) [17]
Marie-Louise
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Dillinger
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Music for Millions
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Salty O'Rourke
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What Next, Corporal Hargrove?
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1946 (19th) [18]
The Seventh Veil
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
The Blue Dahlia
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Children of Paradise
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Notorious
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Road to Utopia
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
1947 (20th) [19]
The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer
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Body and Soul
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A Double Life
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Monsieur Verdoux
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Shoeshine
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1948 (21st)
N/A [note 1] [20]
—
1949 (22nd) [21]
Battleground
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Jolson Sings Again
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Paisan
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Passport to Pimlico
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The Quiet One
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1950s
Photograph of Billy Wilder with actress Gloria Swanson during filming of Sunset Boulevard. Screenwriter and director Billy Wilder received two awards in this category in collaboration with others—one for Sunset Boulevard and one for The Apartment .
Файл:Budd Schulberg - 1967.jpg Budd Schulberg won for On the Waterfront (1954)
Black-and-white photo of William Inge in 1954. William Inge earned this award in 1961 for Splendor in the Grass .
1960s
Файл:Claude Lelouch (1966).jpg Claude Lelouch won for A Man and a Woman (1966)
Photograph of screenwriter William Rose on his wedding day in 1944, along with his wife and guests. William Rose (center right ) won for Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1968)
Mel Brooks in 2010 at a ceremony to give him a star on the Walk of Fame. Mel Brooks won in 1969 for 1968's The Producers .
William Goldman in November 2008. William Goldman , winner in 1969 for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid .
Year
Film
Nominees
1960 (33rd) [32]
The Apartment
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
The Angry Silence
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Facts of Life
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Hiroshima, Mon Amour
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Never on Sunday
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1961 (34th) [33]
Splendor in the Grass
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Ballad of a Soldier
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
General Della Rovere
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
La Dolce Vita
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Lover Come Back
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
1962 (35th) [34]
Divorce Italian Style
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Freud
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Kaufman
Last Year at Marienbad
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That Touch of Mink
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Through a Glass Darkly
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1963 (36th) [35]
How the West Was Won
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
America America
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8½
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Four Days of Naples
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Campanile, Franciosa, Loy & Шаблон:Sort
Love with the Proper Stranger
Шаблон:Sort
1964 (37th) [36]
Father Goose
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
A Hard Day's Night
Шаблон:Sort
One Potato, Two Potato
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Шаблон:Sort
The Organizer
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
That Man from Rio
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
1965 (38th) [37]
Darling
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Casanova 70
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Train
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg
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1966 (39th) [38]
A Man and a Woman
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Blowup
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Antonioni
The Fortune Cookie
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Khartoum
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The Naked Prey
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
1967 (40th) [39]
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Bonnie and Clyde
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Divorce American Style
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Шаблон:Sort
La Guerre Est Finie
Шаблон:Sort
Two for the Road
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1968 (41st) [40]
The Producers
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
The Battle of Algiers
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
Faces
Шаблон:Sort
Hot Millions
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
2001: A Space Odyssey
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
1969 (42nd) [41]
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
Шаблон:Sort Шаблон:Double dagger
Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice
Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Damned
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Badalucco
Easy Rider
Шаблон:Sort , Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort
The Wild Bunch
Screenplay: Шаблон:Sort & Шаблон:Sort ; Story: Green & Шаблон:Sort
1970s
Francis Ford Coppola in 2011. Francis Ford Coppola , co-winner of the 1970 award for Patton .
A young Paddy Chayefsky in 1958. Paddy Chayefsky garnered two solo wins The Hospital (1971) and Network (1976)
Robert Towne smoking in a cigar from a still of the movie that bears his name. The screenwriter of Chinatown , Robert Towne , received this award.
Woody Allen in 2006. Woody Allen earned three Original Screenplay Oscars, for Annie Hall (along with Marshall Brickman ), Hannah and Her Sisters , and Midnight in Paris . He has received sixteen nominations total, the most of any writer.
Steve Tesich outside on a snowy day in 1990. Steve Tesich received the award in 1979 for Breaking Away .
1980s
Black-and-white portrait of Bo Goldman. Bo Goldman won for Melvin and Howard (1980).
Portrait of John Patrick Shanley in 2015. John Patrick Shanley won for Moonstruck (1987).
1990s
Jane Campion in 2014. Jane Campion won for The Piano in 1993.
Tarantino at the San Diego Comic-Con International. Quentin Tarantino won twice for Pulp Fiction (1994), and Django Unchained (2012)
The Coen brothers at the Cannes Film Festival in 2015. Writer-director pair the Coen brothers won for Fargo (1996)
Ben Affleck at ComicCon 2017. Ben Affleck , co-winner for Good Will Hunting (1997)
Matt Damon at the world premiere of The Martian at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. Matt Damon also received the award for Good Will Hunting .
2000s
Файл:Pedro Almodóvar at Premios Goya 2017 1 (cropped 3).jpg Pedro Almodóvar won for Talk to Her (2002)
Coppola in 2003. Sofia Coppola won for 2003's Lost in Translation .
Файл:Charlie Kaufman Fantastic Fest 2015-0257 (27441349145) (cropped).jpg Charlie Kaufman won for Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
Cody, January 2008. Diablo Cody won for 2007's Juno .
Dustin Lance Black at the 81st Academy Awards. Dustin Lance Black won for 2008's Milk .
Mark Boal in 2012. Mark Boal won for 2009's The Hurt Locker .
2010s
Jonze at the 2013 New York Film Festival. Spike Jonze won for 2013's Her .
Tom McCarthy. Tom McCarthy won for Spotlight (2015)
Kenneth Lonergan in Vienna, 2016. Kenneth Lonergan won for Manchester by the Sea (2016).
Peele at the May 2014 Peabody Awards Jordan Peele became the first African-American to win with Get Out (2017)
Bong Joon Ho in 2017 at the Japan premiere of Okja. Bong Joon-ho won for Parasite (2019), co-written with Han Jin-won .
2020s
Emereld Fennell reading from a book in 2013. Emerald Fennell won for Promising Young Woman (2020).
Файл:KennethBranaghApr2011.jpg Kenneth Branagh won for Belfast (2021).
Multiple wins and nominations
Шаблон:Col-begin
Шаблон:Col-2
Multiple wins
Шаблон:Col-2
Multiple nominations
Шаблон:Col-end
Age superlatives
See also
Notes
Шаблон:Reflist
References
Шаблон:Reflist
Шаблон:Academy Awards
Шаблон:Academy Award Best Original Screenplay
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