Английская Википедия:Achelous-class repair ship

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Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristics

The Achelous-class repair ship was a class of ship built by the US Navy during World War II.

As the United States gained experience in amphibious operations, it was realized that some sort of mobile repair facility would be useful for repairing the damage that frequently occurred to smaller vessels such as LCVP's (Landing Craft Vehicle/Personnel). The Auxiliary Repair Light (ARL) ship was designed to meet this need, and the Achelous class was the only class to receive this designation.

Description

Файл:Typhon-ARL-28-conning tower view.jpg

View from the conning tower of the USS Typhon (ARL-28)

Achelous-class vessels were based on the same hull as LST's (Landing Ship, Tank) which at the time were being produced in large numbers. This hull was thought to be ideal for a ship specializing in the repair of light craft, since it was not overly large and had a shallow draught which would enable it to maneuver into small harbors, rivers and inlets where it could service damaged boats and effect other repairs on location.

The conversion from an LST to an Achelous-class ARL was done mainly by converting the large interior tank deck into a number of different shops and storerooms. Two large cargo booms were added forward, and a large 60-ton A-frame boom added amidships. The wheelhouse/chart room deck was expanded, and a conning tower added. The first nine units of the class sealed the bow doors of the LST hull.

The ship's company consisted of the usual LST crew of deck, engineering and communications departments but in addition it had a supply department, plus a repair department consisting of machinery and engine repair, carpentry, electronics repair, and hull repair divisions, giving a ship's complement of approximately 250 officers and men in total. After the first nine units were built, the later units had a revised armament as well as retaining the opening bow doors.

Operational history

During World War II, the Achelous-class vessels worked mostly on repairing damaged landing craft, but many continued in service after the war, working again on landing craft during the Korean War and on river craft during the Vietnam War.

In all, 39 Achelous-class repair ships were built between 1943 and 1945.

Ships in Class

Hull no.	Ship	Keel laid	Launched	Commission	Decomm	Fate	Notes
ARL-1	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrapping	Originally ordered as LST-10
ARL-2	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	laid up Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, 15 November 1946, sold for scrapping, 13 August 1971	Originally ordered as LST-489
ARL-3	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	transferred to France, through Mutual Defense Assistance Program, 2 March 1951; transferred to the Republic of China, 1957	Originally ordered as LST-490
ARL-4	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold to private interest, 14 October 1960	Originally ordered as LST-83
ARL-5	ARL-5	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to the Royal Navy, 29 July 1943, Sold to Argentina, 20 August 1947; Sold 1967	Originally ordered as LST-81
ARL-6	ARL-6	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to the Royal Navy, 2 August 1943, Sold to Argentina, 20 August 1947; Sold into merchant service, 1968	Originally ordered as LST-82
ARL-7	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrapping, 18 September 1973	Originally ordered as LST-231, Recommissioned: 1 June 1951 through 13 April 1956
ARL-8	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrapping, 18 September 1973	Originally ordered as "LST-136"
ARL-9	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for commercial service, 1 September 1973	Originally ordered as LST-513
ARL-10	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for commercial service, c. 1965	Originally ordered as LST-1003
ARL-11	Шаблон:USS		Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Unknown	Originally ordered as LST-1036
ARL-12	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Unknown	Originally ordered as LST-1037
ARL-13	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Green Cove Springs Group, Sold for commercial service, 28 October 1960	Originally ordered as LST-971
ARL-14	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrapping, 18 October 1960	Originally ordered as LST-644, Recommissioned: 22 September 1950 through 19 August 1955
ARL-15	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Loaned to the Republic of Korea (1955), Fate: Unknown	Originally ordered as LST-645
ARL-16	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold, 21 December 1960	Originally ordered as LST-948
ARL-17	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold, and converted to a drydock	Originally ordered as LST-954
ARL-18	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sunk as a target, 1969	Originally ordered as LST-650, Recommissioned: 14 December 1951 through 30 September 1968
ARL-19	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to Turkey, 15 November 1952, Scrapped, September 1993	Originally ordered as LST-955
ARL-20	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold, 13 June 1960	Originally ordered as "LST-1115"
ARL-21	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold, 26 September 1960	Originally ordered as LST-1116, Recommissioned: 27 October 1950 through 24 May 1956
ARL-22	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, Transferred to the Philippine Navy, November 1961, fate: unknown	Originally ordered as LST-962
ARL-23	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to South Vietnam, 30 September 1971, Transferred to the Philippines, 1975, scrapped, 2004	Originally ordered as LST-852, Recommissioned: 8 September 1950 through 17 April 1956 and 15 February 1968 through 30 September 1971
ARL-24	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, San Diego Group, Towed for scrapping, 1 December 2007	Originally ordered as LST-963 Recommissioned: 3 November 1950 through 31 January 1956, Recommissioned: 16 December 1967 through 30 September 1971 and 26 July 1985 through 16 June 1989
ARL-26	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrap, 23 January 1961	Originally ordered as LST-858, Recommissioned: 28 April 1945 through 1 December 1947
ARL-27	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Released to the Foreign Liquidation Commission for further transfer to the United Nations Relief, and Rehabilitation Administration for disposal, fate unknown.	Originally ordered as LST-1117
ARL-28	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold to private interest, 23 February 1961	Originally ordered as LST-1118
ARL-29	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold, 16 April 1962	Originally ordered as LST-1124
ARL-30	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold to Indonesian Navy, 1971	Originally ordered as LST-1131, Recommissioned: 23 July 1945 through 1 September 1971
ARL-31	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold for scrapping, 20 June 1980	Originally ordered as LST-1132
ARL-32	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Grounded, 1 December 1945, Declared unsalvageable & destroyed with explosives, 14 May 1946	Originally ordered as LST-1136
ARL-33	Шаблон:USS		Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Unknown, Final Disposition, sold, 20 March 1962 to NASSCO, Terminal Island, San Pedro, CA	Originally ordered as LST-1137
ARL-35	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Green Cove Springs Group, Sold, 28 October 1960	Originally ordered as LST-1143
ARL-36	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to Iran, 7 September 1968, fate: unknown	Originally ordered as LST-1145, Recommissioned: 14 September 1945 through 21 December 1955
ARL-37	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to North Carolina, January 1992, Sunk as an artificial reef, 4 August 1992	Originally ordered as LST-1147, Recommissioned: 16 December 1967 through 1 May 1970
ARL-38	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Sold to the Republic of the Philippines, 30 October 1971	Originally ordered as LST-1149
ARL-39	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Transferred to Venezuela, June 1962, Scuttled. Used as a target ship	Originally ordered as LST-1151
ARL-40	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	sold for scrapping, 16 December 1947	Originally ordered as LST-453
ARL-41	Шаблон:USS	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	Шаблон:Dts	transferred to the Republic of China, 8 September 1947, run aground and abandoned, 1949, captured 1949, by People's Liberation Army Navy, fate: unknown	Originally ordered as LST-455
ARL-42	Aeolus						Originally ordered as LST-310, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 12 September 1945
ARL-43	Cerberus						Originally ordered as LST-316, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 12 September 1945
ARL-44	Conus						Originally ordered as LST-317, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 12 September 1945
ARL-45	Feronia						Originally ordered as LST-332, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 12 September 1945
ARL-46	Chandra						Originally ordered as LST-350, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 12 September 1945
ARL-47	Minerva						Originally ordered as LST-374, Ordered converted to ARL. Conversion cancelled 11 September 1945

References

• What is an ARL? – USS Askari (ARL-30) Association
• Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940–1945
• US Navy, ships World War 2, page 119