Английская Википедия:Acheron-class destroyer
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Use British English
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship class overviewШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsThe Acheron class (renamed the I class in October 1913) was a class of twenty-three destroyers of the British Royal Navy, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during the First World War. A further six ships were built to the same design for the Royal Australian Navy as River-class destroyers.[1] There was considerable variation between the design and construction of ships within this class, which should be considered as more of a post-build grouping than a homogeneous class.[Note 1]
Design
Originally, 20 ships, including Acheron, were ordered but three more were completed by Yarrow & Company. Three River-class destroyers of the Royal Australian Navy were laid down in British yards, with another three built in Australia. The Acherons were generally repeats of the preceding Acorn- or H-class, although Acheron and five others were builders' specials. They differed from the Acorns in having only two funnels, both of which were short, the foremost being thicker than the after stack. The 12-pounder guns were mounted slightly further forward than in the Acorns.
Variation within the class
Fourteen of the class were completed to an Admiralty standard design, although those built by John Brown and Company at Clydebank (Hind, Hornet and Hydra) had Brown-Curtis type turbines and only two shafts. Archer and Attack used steam at higher pressures and Badger and Beaver were completed with geared steam turbines for evaluation purposes, achieving speeds of Шаблон:Cvt in trials.[2]
Thornycroft specials
Acheron and Ariel were longer (Шаблон:Cvt), had higher power (15,500 shp) and were faster, achieving Шаблон:Cvt in trials.[2]
Yarrow specials (or "special I class")
Sir Alfred Yarrow maintained that it was possible to build strong, seaworthy destroyers with a speed of Шаблон:Cvt, and eventually a contract for three such boats was placed with the firm. They were a little larger than the rest of the class and developed Шаблон:Cvt, but carried the same armament. Like the John Brown-built boats Hind, Hydra and Hornet, they had only 2 shafts, with steam developed in 2 Yarrow-type water-tube boilers and delivered to 2 Parsons turbines.[3] Firedrake, Lurcher and Oak were distinctive in appearance and indeed much faster. They all exceeded their contract speed, Lurcher making over Шаблон:Cvt.
Conversion to minelayers
Ferret, Sandfly and Ariel were converted into fast minelaying destroyers in 1917, serving with the 20th Flotilla. They were each capable of laying 40 mines.[4]
Evaluation
This class of torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs, or colloquially, "boats") handled well and were excellent sea boats; like similar classes of TBDs of the time, they had open bridges but were much drier at sea than was the norm.
Ships
Builders' I class
Name | Ship Builder | Launched | Fate |
---|---|---|---|
Шаблон:HMS | John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston | 27 June 1911 | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | Yarrow & Company, Scotstoun, Glasgow | 21 October 1911 | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston | 26 September 1911 | Converted to fast minelayer in 1917. Mined while minelaying in North Sea 2 August 1918[6] |
Шаблон:HMS | Yarrow & Company, Scotstoun, Glasgow | 12 December 1911 | Torpedoed or mined by German U-boat UC-34 off Alexandria 30 December 1917.[7] |
Шаблон:HMS | William Denny & Brothers,[8] Dumbarton | 11 July 1911 | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | William Denny & Brothers,[8] Dumbarton | 6 October 1911 | Sold May 1921 |
Admiralty I class
Name | Ship Builder | Launched | Fate |
---|---|---|---|
Шаблон:HMS | William Denny & Brothers, Dumbarton | 30 August 1911 | Sold 4 November 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | William Denny & Brothers, Dumbarton | 4 December 1911[8] | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | J. Samuel White & Company, Cowes | 12 April 1911[8] | Converted to fast minelayer in 1917. Sold May 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | J. Samuel White & Company, Cowes | 1 June 1911[8] | Sold November 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | William Beardmore & Company, Dalmuir | 18 October 1911[8] | Sold November 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | John Brown & Company, Clydebank | 28 July 1911[8] | Sold 9 May 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | John Brown & Company, Clydebank | 20 December 1911[8] | Sold 9 May 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | John Brown & Company, Clydebank | 19 February 1912[8] | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Шаблон:HMS | R. W. Hawthorn Leslie & Company, Hebburn | 9 September 1911[8] | Sold September 1920[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | Cammell Laird & Company, Birkenhead | 29 July 1911[8] | Sold October 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | Cammell Laird & Company, Birkenhead | 10 October 1911[8] | Sold 4 November 1921[1] |
Шаблон:HMS | Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness | 9 October 1911 | Torpedoed by the Austro-Hungarian submarine Шаблон:SMU in the Adriatic Sea on 14 May 1918[9] |
Шаблон:HMS | Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend | 26 July 1911[8] | Converted to fast minelayer in 1917. Sold May 1921[8] |
Шаблон:HMS | R. W. Hawthorn Leslie & Company, Hebburn | 20 December 1911[8] | Sold 9 May 1921[5] |
Yarrow Specials (or "Special I class")
Name | Ship Builder | Launched | Fate |
---|---|---|---|
Шаблон:HMS | Yarrow & Company, Scotstoun, Glasgow | 9 April 1912 | Sold 10 October 1922 |
Шаблон:HMS | Yarrow & Company, Scotstoun, Glasgow | 1 June 1912 | Sold 9 June 1922 |
Шаблон:HMS | Yarrow & Company, Scotstoun, Glasgow | 5 September 1912 | Sold May 1921[1][5] |
Australian River class
Name | Ship Builder | Launched | Fate |
---|---|---|---|
Parramatta | Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Limited, Govan, Glasgow | 9 February 1910 | Used as accommodation by NSW Penal Department, and sold as scrap. Bow and stern sections salvaged as memorials in 1973 |
Yarra | William Denny & Brothers, Dumbarton | 9 April 1910 | Broken up 1929 |
Warrego | Laid down at Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Limited, Govan and constructed at Cockatoo Dockyard, Sydney from parts | 4 April 1911 | Broken up 1930 at Cockatoo Dockyard |
Huon | Cockatoo Dockyard, Sydney | 19 December 1914 | Reduced to reserve 7 June 1928 and sunk as a target off Sydney 10 April 1931 |
Swan | Cockatoo Dockyard, Sydney | 11 December 1915 | Paid off for disposal 15 May 1928 and broken up at Cockatoo Dockyard in 1930 |
Torrens | Cockatoo Dockyard, Sydney | 28 August 1915 | Reduced to reserve 19 July 1920 and sunk as a target 24 November 1930 |
Notes
References
Bibliography
- Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893–1981, Maurice Cocker, 1983, Ian Allan Шаблон:ISBN
- The British Destroyer by Captain T D Manning CBE VRD RNVR (Ret'd), (Putnam, 1961)
- Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921, Conway Maritime Press, 1985, Robert Gardiner Шаблон:ISBN
Шаблон:Acheron class destroyer Шаблон:WWI British ships
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокEng
не указан текст - ↑ Minesweeping and Minelaying from the Eleventh edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 5,7 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 8,00 8,01 8,02 8,03 8,04 8,05 8,06 8,07 8,08 8,09 8,10 8,11 8,12 8,13 8,14 8,15 8,16 8,17 8,18 8,19 8,20 8,21 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Ошибка цитирования Для существующих тегов <ref>
группы «Note» не найдено соответствующего тега <references group="Note"/>