Английская Википедия:Action – Italia Viva

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox political party

Action – Italia Viva (Шаблон:Lang-it; A–IV), informally known as the Third Pole (Шаблон:Lang-it), was a liberal and centrist parliamentary group and electoral list which ran in the 2022 Italian general election. The list was led by Carlo Calenda. During the 19th legislature, it named its parliamentary group Action – Italia Viva – Renew Europe in the Chamber and the Senate.

History

Following the resignation of Mario Draghi as Prime Minister of Italy and the call for a snap election,[1] Carlo Calenda's Action (A) party signed on 2 August an alliance with Enrico Letta's Democratic Party (PD), the head of the centre-left coalition.[2] On 6 August, the PD signed another pact with the Greens and Left Alliance (AVS), formed by Green Europe (EV) and Italian Left (SI), which had never supported Draghi's government.[3] This caused tensions between Letta and Calenda. The latter, being a strong supporter of economic liberalism and nuclear power, considered impossible a coalition between his own party and the left-wing AVS.[4] On 7 August, Calenda broke the alliance with the PD.[5] On 11 August, Matteo Renzi's Italia Viva (IV) and A signed an agreement to create a centrist alliance led by Calenda, using IV's symbol to avoid the requirement to collect signatures for Calenda's party.[6] Early August polls speculated that the formation of the Third Pole would not be influential in single-member constituencies but could cost the centre-left coalition votes in some competitive districts.[7]

Despite Draghi's dismissal, Calenda and Renzi said they would push for Draghi to remain as prime minister, should they win enough seats.[8] They also ran a pro-nuclear power and pro-regasification campaign as solutions for the ongoing energy crisis.[9] In the general election on 25 September, the Third Pole obtained 21 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 9 seats in the Senate of the Republic, having polled about 8%.[10] On 3 October, Calenda announced that the two parties would form a joint parliamentary group in the next parliament and start a federation between the two movements.[11][12][13]

Establishing a joint electoral list and parliamentary groups was supposed to be the first step towards forming a unitary Italian liberal party. A first constituent assembly held in January 2023 resulted in promising results, with the attendance of many figures from that area and the definition of a formal path towards the merger.[14] However, increasing tensions between the two groups and their leaders about the structure and leadership of the proposed unitary party developed into a crisis in April 2023, leading a halt in the merger negotiations.[15] Despite the crisis looking like a schism, the two parties managed to maintain the joint parliamentary groups.[16] It was later announced that talks with other liberal movements were still underway towards the creation of a joint list for the 2024 European Parliament election involving Renew Europe, potentially including More Europe.[17] However, in the following months, the two parties did not reach an agreement regarding the upcoming European election and, on 19 October 2023, Renzi officially announced the formation of IV's own parliamentary groups, marking the end to the Action – Italia Viva alliance.[18]

Composition

Main parties

Party Ideology Leader Seats
Chamber Senate
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Action (A) Liberalism Carlo Calenda Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Italia Viva (IV) Liberalism Matteo Renzi Шаблон:Composition bar Шаблон:Composition bar

Associate parties

Party Ideology Leader
Christian Democracy (DC) Christian democracy Renzo Gubert
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Italian Republican Party (PRI) Social liberalism Corrado De Rinaldis Saponaro
Liberal Democratic Alliance for Italy (ALI) Liberism Flavio Pasotti
Social Democrats (SD) Social democracy Umberto Costi
Together Christian democracy Collective leadership

Шаблон:Notelist

Regional partners

Party Region Ideology Leader
Sicilian Socialist Party (PSS) Sicily Social democracy Antonio Matasso

Former partners

Party Region Ideology Leader Member between Source
Popular Apulia (PP) Apulia Christian democracy Massimo Cassano 2022 [19]
bgcolor="Шаблон:Party color" | Good Right (BD) Liberalism Filippo Rossi 2020 - 2023 [20][21]

Шаблон:Notelist

Electoral results

Italian Parliament

Election Leader Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2022 Carlo Calenda 2,339,722 7.78 Шаблон:Composition bar New 6th 2,213,957 7.73 Шаблон:Composition bar New 6th

Regional Councils

Region Election Candidate Votes % Seats +/–
Friuli-Venezia Giulia 2023 Alessandro Maran 10,869 2.75 Шаблон:Composition bar New
Lazio 2023 Alessio D'Amato 75,272 4.9 Шаблон:Composition bar New
Lombardy 2023 Letizia Moratti 122,356 4.3 Шаблон:Composition bar New
Sicily 2022 Gaetano Armao 39,788 2.1 Шаблон:Composition bar New

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Italian political parties

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite tweet
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Terzo Polo, Renzi ufficializza separazione da Calenda: “Fine della telenovela”. E battezza i nuovi gruppi parlamentari. la Repubblica
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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