Английская Википедия:Adams Seamount
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Seamount Adams Seamount (also known as Forty Mile Reef[1]) is a submarine volcano above the Pitcairn hotspot in the central Pacific Ocean about Шаблон:Convert southwest of Pitcairn Island.
Geography and geomorphology
Adams is part of a field of about 90 seamounts Шаблон:Convert east-southeast away from Pitcairn Island, and the largest of these.Шаблон:Sfn Adams lies southeast of another large seamount, Bounty Seamount.Шаблон:Sfn Most of these seamounts except for Adams and Bounty are less than Шаблон:Convert high.Шаблон:Sfn They were discovered in 1989 by the RV Sonne research ship.Шаблон:Sfn
It is a conicalШаблон:Sfn seamount rising Шаблон:Convert from the sea floor to about Шаблон:Convert[2] or Шаблон:Convert below the surface of the ocean.[1] The total volume of the seamount, whose base has a diameter of about Шаблон:Convert, is about Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Adams has two summits,Шаблон:Sfn and coral and sand derived from coral has been found on Adams.Шаблон:Sfn Given its height, during the last glacial maximum Adams was likely an island.[3]
Its slopes are covered by recent lava flows, volcanic debris and hyaloclastite.Шаблон:Sfn Lava flows feature aa lava characteristics and lava tubes, while deeper parts of the edifice are covered with lapilli and scoria.Шаблон:Sfn Parasitic vents form cones and mounds on its flanks.Шаблон:Sfn
Geology
Adams and the other seamounts were created by the Pitcairn hotspot, and these seamounts are its present-day location.Шаблон:Sfn This hotspot is one among several hotspots in the Pacific Ocean, along with the Austral hotspot, Hawaii hotspot, Louisville hotspot, Samoa hotspot and Society hotspot.Шаблон:Sfn The seamounts rise from a 30 million years old crust.Шаблон:Sfn
Alkali basalt, trachyteШаблон:Sfn and tholeiite have been dredged from Adams Seamount.Шаблон:Sfn
Eruption history
The fresh appearance of samples and the lack of sedimentation indicates that Adams Seamount is a recently active seamount.Шаблон:Sfn Potassium-argon dating of rocks dredged from Adams Seamount has yielded Holocene ages, including one age of 3,000 ± 1,000 years before present.Шаблон:Sfn Other ages range from 4,000 - 7,000 years before present.Шаблон:Sfn Unlike Bounty, Adams Seamount displays no active hydrothermal system.Шаблон:Sfn
Biology
Adams seamount features a coral reef, one of the deepest tropical reefs in the world. It is mainly formed by Pocillopora sp. and Porites deformis corals, but also many reef fish and sharks; it is used as a fishing ground by Pitcairn.[1] Adams seamount is part of the Pitcairn Islands Marine Reserve.[4]
References
Sources
- Английская Википедия
- Submarine volcanoes
- Hotspot volcanoes
- Seamounts of the Pacific Ocean
- Landforms of the Pitcairn Islands
- Former islands from the last glacial maximum
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