Английская Википедия:Addai of Edessa

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Infobox saint According to Eastern Christian tradition, Addai of Edessa (Syriac: ܡܪܝ ܐܕܝ, Mar Addai or Mor Aday sometimes Latinized Addeus) or Thaddeus of Edessa[1] was one of the seventy disciples of Jesus.

Life

Файл:Avgar poluchaet Nerukotvorny obraz.jpg
Abgar receiving the Mandylion from Thaddeus (encaustic icon, Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai).

Based on various Eastern Christian traditions, (which Holweck calls "apocryphal")[2] Thaddaeus was a Jew born in Edessa, at the time a Syriac city, (now Şanlıurfa, Turkey). He came to Jerusalem for a festival, and heard the preachings of John the Baptist (St. John the Forerunner). After being baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River, he remained in Palestine. He later met and became a follower of Jesus. He was chosen to be one of the seventy disciples, whom Jesus sent in pairs to preach in the cities and places.[3]

After Pentecost and the ascension of Jesus, Thaddeus started preaching the gospel in Mesopotamia, Syria and Persia.[3] Thaddaeus ordained priests in Edessa, converted many to Christianity and built up the church there. He also went to Beirut to preach, and many believe that he founded a church there.[4]

The Syriac liturgy referred to as the Liturgy of Addai and Mari originated around the year 200 AD and is used by the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church (both of which are based in Iraq); it is also used by the Eastern Syriac Churches in India which trace their origins to Thomas the Apostle, namely, the Chaldean Syrian Church[5] and Syro-Malabar Catholic Church .

His feast is celebrated on August 5 in the Christian calendar.[6]

Addai and the healing of King Abgar

Шаблон:Eastern Orthodox sidebar Шаблон:Oriental Orthodox sidebar Among the Eastern Orthodox faithful, Saint Addai was a disciple of Christ[7] sent by St. Thomas the Apostle to Edessa in order to heal King Abgar V of Osroene, who had fallen ill. He stayed to evangelize, and so converted[8] Abgar—or Agbar, or in one Latin version "Acbar" — and his people including Saint Aggai and Saint Mari.[9]

The story of how King Abgarus V[10][11][12] and Jesus had corresponded was first recounted in the 4th century by the church historian Eusebius of Caesarea.[13] In the origin of the legend, Eusebius had been shown documents purporting to contain the official correspondence that passed between Abgar and Jesus, and he was well enough convinced by their authenticity to quote them extensively in his Ecclesiastical History. According to Eusebius: Шаблон:Quote

The story of the healing and Thaddeus' evangelizing efforts resulted in the growing of Christian communities in southern Armenia, northern Mesopotamia and in Syria east of Antioch. Thaddeus' story is embodied in the Syriac document, Doctrine of Addai,[14] which recounts the role of Addai and makes him one of the 72 Apostles sent out to spread the Christian faith.[15] By the time the legend had returned to Syria, the purported site of the miraculous image, it had been embroidered into a tissue of miraculous happenings.[16]

Various traditions

St. Addai also appears in the First Apocalypse of James and the Second Apocalypse of James.[17]

In Roman Catholic tradition, he and Saint Mari are considered patrons of Persian and Assyrian people.[6]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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  1. ↑ Charles George Herbermann, The Catholic Encyclopedia (Universal Knowledge Foundation, 1913), p. 136.
  2. ↑ Holweck, Frederick George. A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints, B. Herder, 1924, p. 15
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 "Apostle Thaddeus of the Seventy", Orthodox Church in America
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ Eusebius, Church History, 1.13 and 3.1
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  15. ↑ Luke 10:1 – 20
  16. ↑ Walter Bauer, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity, 1934, (in English 1971) (On-line text)
  17. ↑ Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus : The key to Unlocking the Secrets of Early Christianity and the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997 (Viking Penguin). Especially the section "Thaddeus, Judas Thomas and the conversion of the Osrhoeans", pp 189ff.
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