Английская Википедия:Administrative divisions of Nova Scotia

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Map showing locations of all of Nova Scotia's municipalities
Distribution of Nova Scotia's 49 municipalities by municipal status type; villages are not shown as they are subdivisions of county or district municipalities

The Canadian province of Nova Scotia is divided into 49 municipalities, of which there are three types: regional (4), town (25), and county or district municipality (20).[1]

A municipality's purposes is to provide services[2] such as drinking water, planning, recreation, and fire protection.[3]

Demographics have been a catalyst of change, with population growth occurring only in Halifax and Hants, and the viability of depopulated areas threatened.[4] Since 1995 about 15 municipalities have been dissolved and their territory merged with larger municipalities.[5]

The Constitution of Canada gives provinces exclusive jurisdiction over municipalities[6] and in Nova Scotia these are defined by the Municipal Government Act.[2]

Areas outside of standard municipal jurisdiction include Canadian Armed Forces military bases, Indian reserves, national parks, provincial parks, and national wildlife areas.

Regional municipalities

Governed by an elected council, one councillor being elected for each district, and an at-large mayor. There are four: Cape Breton, Halifax, Queens, and West Hants. Regional municipalities are incorporated via the merger of existing municipalities. In 1992 the provincial government decided to reduce the number of munipalities in the province[7] and forced amalgamations.

Rural municipalities

County and district municipalities are often described collectively as rural municipalities. Governed by an elected council, one councillor being elected for each district, one of whom is selected by the councillors to take a leading role as warden. A county municipality typically covers the area of its eponymous historical county, minus any incorporated towns[8] while a district municipality may be based on a former subdivision of a county.

The county municipalities are: Antigonish, Colchester, Cumberland, Inverness, Kings, Pictou, Richmond, and Victoria.

The district municipalities are: Argyle, Barrington, Chester, Clare, Digby, East Hants, Guysborough, Lunenburg, Shelburne, St. Mary's, and Yarmouth.

Villages

Villages exist within some rural municipalities to provide additional services and governance in built-up areas.[9] These elect commissioners (but not a warden or mayor), and can levy property taxes, and spend money on some local services. A village provides municipal services to a defined area within a larger county or district municipality.[8]

Nova Scotia has 21 villages: Aylesford, Baddeck, Bible Hill, Canning, Chester, Cornwallis Square, Dover, Freeport, Greenwood, Hebbville, Kingston, Lawrencetown, New Minas, Port Williams, Pugwash, River Hebert, St. Peter's, Tatamagouche, Tiverton, Westport, and Weymouth[10]

Towns

A town is an incorporated area governed by an elected council, one councillor being elected for each district, and an at-large mayor.

Nova Scotia has 26 towns: Amherst, Annapolis Royal, Antigonish, Berwick, Bridgewater, Clark's Harbour, Digby, Kentville, Lockeport, Lunenburg, Mahone Bay, Middleton, Mulgrave, New Glasgow, Oxford, Pictou, Port Hawkesbury, Shelburne, Stellarton, Stewiacke, Trenton, Truro, Westville, and Wolfville.

Other divisions of the province

Census areas

Census Canada divides the province into census divisions and subdivisions, population centres, and economic regions (Cape Breton, North Shore, Annapolis Valley, Southern, and Halifax).

Health authorities

The Nova Scotia Health Authority divides the province into four areas:[11]

  • Annapolis Valley, South Shore and South West Nova Scotia
  • Cape Breton, Guysborough and Antigonish
  • Colchester-East Hants, Cumberland and Pictou
  • Halifax, Eastern Shore and West Hants

Protected areas

Indian reserves

There are 39 Indian reserves in Nova Scotia.

Canadian Forces bases

There are 11 Canadian Forces bases in Nova Scotia.

Historical counties

In 1759 the Nova Scotia peninsula is divided into counties.[3] Though no longer relevant politically, many of their borders continue to be used as census divisions, and their names continue as the names of county and district municipalities derived from them. In 1879 the County Incorporation Act created 24 rural municipalities run by elected councils.[13] Timeline:

See also

References

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