Английская Википедия:Afro-Russians
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox ethnic group
Afro-Russians (Шаблон:Lang-ru) are people of African descent that have migrated to and settled in Russia. The Metis Foundation estimates that there were about 30,000 Afro-Russians in 2013.[1]
Terminology
Representatives of African peoples in the Russian language have been commonly called Шаблон:Transliteration.[2] The word Шаблон:Transliteration comes from Шаблон:Lang-es (the color black in Spanish) through other European languages (Шаблон:Lang-de, Шаблон:Lang-fr). In the Russian language the word does not carry a negative connotationШаблон:Citation needed.
History
Russian Empire
There was never an observable number of people of African descent in Russia, even after Western European colonization of the continent. For centuries Russia was too isolated to interact with Africa. Russia's non-involvement in the colonization of Africa or the Atlantic slave trade prevented it from developing significant relationships with African tribes or colonies. Despite this, Abram Petrovich Gannibal, a Russian of princely African descent, became a general and nobleman in the Russian Empire. After being kidnapped from Logone (in contemporary Cameroon) by Ottoman forces as a boy, he was sold to Russian diplomat Fedor Golovin[3] in 1704 and gifted to Tsar Peter the Great, who freed and adopted him.[3][4] As an adult, he rose to nobility, and served the Russian Empire in both civil and military capacities.[4] He is also a maternal great-grandfather to the famed Russian poet Alexander Pushkin.[3]
Early Soviet period
Шаблон:Unreferenced section After the revolution several African-American families came to the Soviet Union under the auspices of the Comintern. Among them were Oliver John Golden and his wife Bertha Bialek, bringing with them a group of 16 African-American experts in the cultivation of cotton; well-known African-American poet Langston Hughes with a group of 22 filmmakers; Paul Robeson with his family; and many others. Some of them stayed in Russia and their descendants still live there.Шаблон:Citation needed
Post-War, the Festival Children
When African nations gained independence from colonialism, the Soviet Union offered scholarships to young people from these nations. About 400,000 Africans studied in the former Soviet Union between the late 1950s and 1990.[5] The first significant arrival of Africans was for the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students held in Moscow in 1957. The mixed race African descended children were called festival children because of their appearance, timing of their birth, and lack of a father figure.Шаблон:Citation needed Many Africans also attended the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Notable Afro-Russians
- Lyukman Adams (born 1988) – half-Nigerian triple jumper[6]
- Aleksandr Alumona (born 1983) – half-Nigerian footballer
- Coretti Arle-Titz (1881–1951) – black American born actress and singer
- Allan Dugblei (born 1985) – half-Ghanaian footballer
- Abram Gannibal (1696–1781) – statesman, military leader, and politician
- Ivan Gannibal (1735–1801) – military leader, the son of Abram Gannibal[7]
- Alice Edun – half-Nigerian singer
- Nkeirouka Ezekh (born 1983) – half-Nigerian Olympic curler[8]
- Brian Idowu (born 1992) – three quarters-Nigerian Russian Premier League footballer
- Victor Keyru (born 1984) – Sierra Leonian-Russian basketball player
- Yelena Khanga (born 1962) – Russian journalist and TV anchor of Zanzibari-American descent[9]
- Stanislav Lebamba (born 1988) – half-Congolese footballer[10]
- Cyrille Makanda (born 1980) – half-Cameroonian basketball player
- Avua-Siav Leo Nelson (born 1980) – half-Ghanaian footballer
- Peter Odemwingie (born 1981) – half-Nigerian footballer
- Adessoye Oyewole (born 1982) – half-Nigerian footballer
- James Lloydovich Patterson (born 1933) – Russian child actor, naval officer, and poet of African-American and Ukrainian descent
- Jean Sagbo (born 1959) – Beninese-Russian politician. Elected councilman of the town of Novozavidovo[11][12]
- Jerry-Christian Tchuissé (born 1975) – Cameroonian-Russian footballer
- Emiliya Turey (born 1984) – part-Sierra Leonean handball player
- Grigory Siyatvinda (born 1970) – part-Zambian actor
- Elladj Baldé (born 1990) – half-Guinean figure skater
- Isabel dos Santos (born 1973) – half-Angolan businesswoman
- Greta Onieogou (born 1991) – half Nigerian half Russian Canadian actress
- Artyom Ntumba (born 2003) - half Congolese, half Russian footballer
- Victor Cole (born 1968) - half Sierra Leonean, half Russian Major League Baseball player
Social movements
Afro-Russian social movements have emerged in recent years as a response to the discrimination and marginalization experienced by people of Russian-African descent.
The Sputnik Association is a social movement founded in London, UK in 2006 by a group of Russian emigrants and Afro-Russian people. The association was created to provide a platform for Russian emigrants and mixed-race Russian people living abroad to connect and celebrate their shared cultural heritage.[13][14]
See also
References
External links
- Funmetis a Foundation for Afro-Russian Children
- Шаблон:In lang Article "Afro-Russians" from Rossiyskaya Gazeta
- Шаблон:In lang Article "Black Man" from Online Vremya
- Василий из "Чернобыля". История реального ликвидатора [ENG SUBS]
Шаблон:African diaspora Шаблон:Ethnic groups of Russia Шаблон:Immigration to Russia Шаблон:Immigration from Africa
- ↑ Gribanova, Lyubov "Дети-метисы в России: свои среди чужих" Шаблон:Webarchive (in Russian). Nashi Deti Project. Retrieved 25 February 2010.
- ↑ Шаблон:ВТ-ЭСБЕ;
Negr Шаблон:Webarchive // Dictionary of the Russian Language (Ozhegov): (first edition 1949, the reference to the edition of 1992 together with Natalia Shvedova). - ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Lily Golden & Lily Dixon "TV project 'Black Russians'". Africana Project. Retrieved 25 February 2010.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ I support Kenyans by the call of my blood
- ↑ Eric Foner, "Three Very Rare Generations" (review of Soul to Soul), The New York Times, December 13, 1992.
- ↑ Лебамбу ноги кормят
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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