Английская Википедия:Agra gharana

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Файл:Dadurwa Bolay Mor Shor Karat .ogg

Recording by Zohrabai (1910).

The Agra gharana is a tradition of Hindustani classical vocal music descended from the Nauhar Bani. So far, Nauhar Bani has been traced back to around 1300 AD, during the reign of Emperor Allauddin Khilji of Delhi.

The first known musician of this tradition is Nayak Gopal. The style prevalent then in the Gharana was "Dhrupad-Dhamar". Ghagghe Khudabuksh (1790–1880 AD) introduced the "Khayal" style of Gwalior Gharana into Agra gharana which Khudabaksh learnt from Natthan Paribaksh of Gwalior.

Pedagogical genealogy

The following maps are based on recorded accounts by Vilayat Hussain Khan and Yunus Hussain Khan.

Distinguishing characteristics

The gayaki (style of singing) of the Agra Gharana is a blend of khayal gayaki and dhrupad-dhamar. In training, both the khayal and dhrupad components run hand in hand and are not taught in an isolated fashion. This is obvious from the method of singing notes of the Agra Gharana which demands that the projection of voice be more forceful and voluminous than usually encountered in khayal gayaki, as well as uttering notes open and bare (without grace notes).

Most khayal performances by artists of Agra gharana commence with the nom-tom alaap, a tradition unique to the Agra gharana. Different facets of a raga are displayed with the help of bandish while the raga is elaborated using Шаблон:Transl.

The gharana adopts a kind of voice production which relies on a flatter version of the vowel sound "a", which makes its music agreeable to rhythmic variations and is best suited for a deep masculine voice. Emphasis is laid on bold, full-throated and robust voice production, and singing in the lower register (mandra) is favoured. Keeping in tune with its dhrupadic origins, the singers use broad and powerful ornamentations (Шаблон:Transl), extensive glides (Шаблон:Transl) and resonant articulations of notes. As with the Gwalior gharana, the Agra singers accentuate the importance of the bandish and its methodical exposition. Singers following Faiyaz Khan's style resort to the dhrupadic nom-tom alaap before singing the bandish. The singers of this gharana are also great masters over Шаблон:Transl or the rhythmic component. In fact, layakari is the foundation on which the singers build the edifice of the bandish. Agra singers' Шаблон:Transl are eagerly awaited, as are their nifty ways of arriving at the same, by building up anticipation within the listener.

This is the only Gharana that has still continued to sing Dhrupad-Dhamar along with Nom-Tom Alap, Khayal, Thumri, Tappa, Tarana, Hori,

Some prominent exponents

• Faiyaz Khan (1886–1950) "Prempiya"
• Abdullah Khan "Manhar Piya'
• Vilayat Hussain Khan "Pran Piya" (1895–1962)
• Khadim Hussain Khan "Sajan Piya" (1907–1993)
• Latafat Hussain Khan "Prem Das"
• Ata Hussain Khan "Ratan Piya"
• Kaale Khan "Saras Piya"
• Bashir Ahmed Khan
• Aqeel Ahmed Khan
• Wasi Ahmed Khan
• Shabbir Ahmed Khan
• Naseem Ahmed Khan
• Sharafat Hussain Khan "Prem Rang" (1930–1985)
• Yunus Hussain Khan
• Yaqoob Hussain Khan
• Yusuf Hussain Khan
• Khurshid Hussain Khan
• Shamim Ahmed Khan
• Ghulam Rasool Khan
• Anwar Hussain Khan
• Ghulam Hussain Khan Raja Miyan
• Arif Hussain
• Asif Hussain
• Shrikrishna Narayan Ratanjankar "Sujan" (1900–1974)
• Babanrao Haldankar "Raspiya" (1927–2016)
• Zohrabai (1868–1913)
• Pt. Dhrubatara Joshi- Sitar & Vocal(Premrang)--(1912-1993)
• Pt. Yashpaul "Sagun Piya" (b. 1937)
• Ramarao V. Naik (1909–1998)
• Lalith J. Rao (b. 1942)
• Sumati Mutatkar (1916–2007)
• Subhra Guha (b. 1956)
• Ustad Waseem Ahmed Khan (1988-present)
• Ustad Mohsin Ahmed Khan Niazi (1965-2020)
• Ahsan Ahmed Khan
• Mehboob Nadeem Khan

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book

External links

• Agra gharana ITC Sangeet Research Academy