Английская Википедия:Ahir clans

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The Ahir (Sanskrit: Abhira)[1] is a Hindu caste[2][3][4] of Northern India.The Ahir clans are spread almost all over country.[5]

Clans

Yaduvanshi

The Yaduvanshi Aheers[6] claim descent from the Rigvedic Yadu or Yadava tribe of Krishna.[7][8]

Nandvanshi

A legendary story of the origin of the Nandvanshi Ahirs[8] narrates that on his way to kill the rakshasas, Krishna crossed the river Yamuna accompanied by the Gwalas (his childhood playmates); those that crossed the river with him became Nandavanshi. Nandvanshi and Yaduvanshi titles are fundamentally synonymous.[9][10][11]

Gwalvanshi

The Gwalvanshi Ahirs[12] are historically associated with cowherding. According to history professor Rahul Shukla, the Gwalvanshi Ahirs had settled in Azamgarh, Varanasi, Gorkakhpur, Mirzapur etc. They were cultivators or farmers in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. At the turn of the century, they evolved into business and other vocations in a big way.[13][14]

Ghosi

Шаблон:For

The Ghosi are a community found mainly in North India. They were the zamidars and small rulers of various parts of country.[14] Ghosi trace their origin to King Nanda, the professed ancestor of Ghosi Ahirs.[15][16]

Phatak

Шаблон:Main

The Phatak Ahirs claim to be descended from Digpal, the Ahir Raja of Mahaban.[14][17]

Dauwa

The Dauwa Ahirs are the descendants of Shree Balaram, half-brother of Lord Krishna.[18] Dauwas were rulers of Bundelkhand in past. It is said that Dauwas had established their power in Bundelkhand even before Bundela Rajputs.[18]

Ahar

Шаблон:Main The Ahar are a Hindu caste of agriculturists.[19] The Ahar tribe are spread through Rohilkhand and other districts of North-Western provinces, following pastoral pursuits. They are of Yaduvanshi stock.[20]

Krishnaut

Шаблон:Main Krishnaut or Kishnaut are Ahirs that inhabits the state of Bihar.[21][22] They claim that infant Krishna was nursed among them.[23]

Majhraut

Шаблон:Main The Yadavs who migrated from Mathura (Braj) to Bihar and its surrounding areas came to be known as Mathuraut or Majrauth.[24] They inhabit the Indian state of Bihar and Jharkhand.[25][26][27][28] They are believed to be descended from the Yadava king Madhu who lived in Mathura. Like Krishnaut even Majhraut Ahirs never sold either milk, ghee or butter and have, to a large extent, were cultivators.[29][30] Some of them were landlords of large estates.

Majhrauts are found all over Bihar but numerically they exceed other sub-caste in Saharsa and it's adjoining district of Bihar.[31] While most Yadavs were small scale peasants in North and Central India, a small number of them acquired land in newly reclaimed area of Eastern Bihar (Purnea and Saharsa) and became big land holders.[32][33]

The titles generally used by Majhraut and other sub-caste of Ahirs in Bihar are Yadav, Raut, Gope, Ray, Rai, Roy, Mandal, Singh, etc.[34][35][36]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book Quote: "The movement, which had a wide interregional spread, attempted to submerge regional names such as Goala, Ahir, Ahar, Gopa, etc., in favour of the generic term Yadava (Rao 1979). Hence a number of pastoralist castes were subsumed under Yadava, in accordance with decisions taken by the regional and national level caste sabhas. The Yadavas became the first among the shudras to gain the right to wear the janeu, a case of successful sanskritisation which continues till date. As a prominent agriculturist caste in the region, despite belonging to the shudra varna, the Yadavas claimed Kshatriya status tracing descent from the Yadu dynasty. The caste's efforts matched those of census officials, for whom standardisation of overlapping names was a matter of policy. The success of the Yadava movement also lies in the fact that, among the jaati sabhas, the Yadava sabha was probably the strongest, its journal, Ahir Samachar, having an all-India spread. These factors strengthened local efforts, such as in Bhojpur, where the Yadavas, locally known as Ahirs, refused to do begar, or forced labour, for the landlords and simultaneously prohibited liquor consumption, child marriages, and so on."
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book Quote: "In his typology of low caste movements, (M. S. A.) Rao distinguishes five categories. The first is characterised by 'withdrawal and self-organisation'. ... The second one, illustrated by the Yadavs, is based on the claim of 'higher varna status' and fits with Sanskritisation pattern. ..."
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 14,2 Lucia Michelutti, Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (2002) London School of Economics and Political Science University of London, p.90-98
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  17. ↑ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Mainpuri By Uttar Pradesh (India) · [1980]
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Шаблон:Cite book
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  29. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  30. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  33. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  36. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
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