Английская Википедия:Akhalkalaki uezd

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Шаблон:Italic title Шаблон:Infobox settlement The Akhalkalaki uezdШаблон:Efn was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Akhalkalak (present-day Akhalkalaki).Шаблон:Sfn The county bordered the Gori uezd to the north, the Borchaly uezd to the east, the Alexandropol uezd of the Erivan Governorate and the Kars and Ardahan okrugs of the Kars Oblast to the south, and the Akhaltsikhe uezd to the west. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe–Javakheti region of Georgia.

History

The territory of the Akhalkalaki uezd, then part of the Akhaltsikhe uezd, entered into the Kutais Governorate of the Russian Empire following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828. By 1874, the Akhkalaki uezd was detached from the hitherto larger Akhaltsikhe uezd, becoming a constituent county of the Tiflis Governorate.Шаблон:Sfn

Following the Russian Revolution, the Akhalkalaki uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia, however, it was strongly disputed by the Democratic Republic of Armenia which also claimed the county on the grounds of history and ethnography.Шаблон:Sfn

As a result of the Ottoman occupation of the uezd, of the initial 80,000 Armenians in 1918, 30,000 died whilst the surviving 40,000 still in the district were affected by famine and concubinage.

Lord Curzon during the Paris Peace Conference discussions on the fate of the independent Transcaucasian republics assessed the ethnographic situation in the southwestern uezds of the Tiflis Governorate:

On the grounds of nationality, therefore, these districts ought to belong to Armenia, but they command the heart of Georgia strategically, and on the whole it would seem equitable to assign them to Georgia, and give their Armenian inhabitants the option of emigration into the wide territories assigned to the Armenians towards the south-west.

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Akhalkalaki uezd in 1913 were as follows:Шаблон:Sfn

Name	1912 population	Area
Baraletskiy uchastok (Шаблон:Lang-ru)	51,061	Шаблон:Convert
Bogdanovskiy uchastok (Шаблон:Lang-ru)	41,331	Шаблон:Convert

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Akhalkalaki uezd had a population of 72,709 on Шаблон:OldStyleDate, including 37,903 men and 34,806 women. The majority of the population indicated Armenian to be their mother tongue, with significant Tatar,Шаблон:Caucasian Tatars Georgian, and Russian speaking minorities.

Linguistic composition of the Akhalkalaki uezd in 1897

Language	Native speakers	%
Armenian	52,539	72.26
TatarШаблон:Efn	6,572	9.04
Georgian	6,448	8.87
Russian	5,155	7.09
Kurdish	810	1.11
Turkish	296	0.41
Ukrainian	286	0.39
Jewish	211	0.29
Polish	145	0.20
Lithuanian	87	0.12
Greek	75	0.10
German	40	0.06
Belarusian	12	0.02
Avar-Andean	6	0.01
Ossetian	4	0.01
Chechen	3	0.00
Mingrelian	3	0.00
Persian	3	0.00
Romanian	3	0.00
Other	11	0.02
TOTAL	72,709	100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Akhalkalaki uezd had a population of 107,173 on Шаблон:OldStyleDate, including 56,140 men and 51,033 women, 106,307 of whom were the permanent population, and 866 were temporary residents:Шаблон:Sfn

Nationality	Urban		Rural		TOTAL
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Armenians	6,151	87.19	76,624	76.53	82,775	77.23
Georgians	265	3.76	10,039	10.03	10,304	9.61
Russians	429	6.08	7,113	7.10	7,542	7.04
Sunni MuslimsШаблон:Efn	0	0.00	5,431	5.42	5,431	5.07
Kurds	0	0.00	904	0.90	904	0.84
Jews	204	2.89	0	0.00	204	0.19
Other Europeans	6	0.09	7	0.01	13	0.01
TOTAL	7,055	100.00	100,118	100.00	107,173	100.00

See also

• History of the administrative division of Russia

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite Armenia and Imperial Decline
• Шаблон:Cite The Republic of Armenia Volume 1
• Шаблон:Cite Kavkazskiy Kalendar 1913
• Шаблон:Cite Kavkazskiy Kalendar 1917
• Шаблон:Cite Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus