Английская Википедия:Al-Haditha, Ramle

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Шаблон:About Шаблон:Infobox settlement

Al-Haditha was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict. It was located 8 km northeast of Ramla, on the bank of Wadi al-Natuf. The site, now known as Tel Hadid, has yielded significant archaeological remains from many periods. Al-Haditha was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 12, 1948, under the first stage of Operation Dani.

History

It has been suggested that Al-Haditha was the site of the biblical village of Hadid, mentioned in the Book of Ezra (II, 33) and later in the Mishna as a city of Judea fortified by Joshua.[1] Hadid was called 'Adida in the Book of Maccabees, while Eusebius referred to it as Adatha or Aditha.[1]

Ottoman era

In the 18th or early 19th centuries, a feud broke between Bayt Nabala and al-Hadith as part of the Qays and Yaman conflicts in the area.[2]

In 1870, Victor Guérin visited and "at a quarter of an hour's distance south-east of Haditheh, [he] found several ancient tombs cut in the rock. The village of Haditheh he found to be on the site of an ancient town. Cisterns, a birket, tombs, and rock-cut caves, with cut stones scattered about, are all that remain."[3]

An official Ottoman village list of about 1870 showed that "El Hadite" had 28 houses and a population of 145, though the population count included only men.[4][5]

In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described the village as "a moderate-sized village on a terraced Tell at the mouth of a valley at the foot of the hills, with a well on the east. There are remains of a considerable town round it, tombs and quarries exist ; and the mound on which the village stands is covered with pottery."[6]

British Mandate era

Файл:מעזבון קטה בר (Kaete Baer) רעיית אלברט בר. טיול של חניכי בית הספר החקלאי בן שמן-PHAL-1619275.png
The Sheikh house 1931

In a census conducted in 1922 by the British Mandate authorities, Hadata had a population of 415 Muslims,[7] increasing in the 1931 census to 520, still all Muslims, in a total of 119 houses.[8] In the 1945 statistics, the village had a population of 760 Muslims,[9] with a total of 7,110 dunums of land.[10] A total of 10 dunams of village land were used for citrus and bananas, 4,419 dunums were used for cereals, 246 dunums were irrigated or used for plantations,[11] while 16 dunams were built–up, or urban, land.[12]

1948, aftermath

Early in 1948, the Mukhtar of Al-Haditha met to negotiate a non–belligerent agreement with the neighbouring Ben Shemen.[13] However, Al-Haditha was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 12, 1948, under the first stage of Operation Dani.[14]

In September, 1948, Ben-Gurion asked the ministerial committee for permission to destroy 14 villages, one of which was Al-Haditha.[15]

In 1992 the village site was described: "The stone and concrete rubble of destroyed houses is visible on the site. Only one house remains; it is sealed and deserted. It has a gabled, tiled roof, and a sign ('BROADWAY 80') is glued to one of its walls. There are also clusters of trees on the site, including Christ's–thorn, olive and eucalyptus trees. The old village road remains and has been enlarged. The surrounding land is cultivated."[16]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

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External links

Шаблон:Commonscat

Шаблон:Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Neubauer, 1868, pp. 85-86
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ Guérin, 1875, pp. 64 -67, as given in Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 322
  4. ↑ Socin, 1879, p. 154
  5. ↑ Hartmann, 1883, p. 140, noted 26 houses
  6. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 297
  7. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. 22
  8. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 20.
  9. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок 1945p29 не указан текст
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Hadawi66 не указан текст
  11. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 115
  12. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 165
  13. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. 92
  14. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Morris не указан текст
  15. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. 354
  16. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Khalidi381 не указан текст
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