Английская Википедия:Al-Khatuniyya Madrasa (Jerusalem)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox religious building
The Khātūniyya Madrasa (Шаблон:Lang-ar Шаблон:Transliterate) is a mausoleum in Jerusalem and was a school. It is by the western esplanade of the al-Aqsa Compound (the Ḥaram esh-Sharīf). It was built between 1354 and 1380.[1]
It is one of the three Jerusalem madrasas endowed by a woman, the others being the ʿUthmāniyya Madrasa and the obscure Barudiyya.[1]
History
It was first endowed in 1349 by Oghul Khatun (Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Transliteration), a woman from Baghdad and a daughter of Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Sayf al-Din. [2] She was called al-Qazaniyya, possibly meaning she was married to Qazan Shah, an emir.[1] The lady Шаблон:Transliteration, a daughter of Qazan Shah, completed the construction by giving another endowment to the project in 1380.[1][3]
Part of the endowment consisted of agricultural land known as "the Camel’s Back", also known as "the Camel’s Belly".[2] In a court record in 1491-92, the waqf of Oghul Khatun is mentioned, and it is noted that the Camel’s Belly is near Deir Jarir,[4] and that its yearly revenue was 3,800 aspers.[5]
In the late Mamluk era, it served as the retirement residence of several former emirs who had been dismissed and sent into exile to Jerusalem.[6]
In the early Ottoman era, the building's administration was in the Ibn Jama‘a family.[6]
It is now in disrepair and intensive restorations would be needed.[3]
Description
It consists of two levels. The higher level is beside the Ḥaram compound and includes two iwans, a tomb chamber, and an assembly hall. The lower level is below the level of the Ḥaram and includes habitation cells around a courtyard.[9] The courtyard has a wellhead, giving access to a cistern below.[3]
In addition to the tomb of Oghul Khatun, it includes the tombs of several prominent people:[10]
- Mohammad Ali Jauhar (Muhammad Ali al-Hindi), a founder of the All-India Muslim League.
- some members of the Husayni (Husseini) family:
- Musa al-Husayni, a leader in the Palestine Arab Congress.
- Abd al-Qader al-Husseini, an uprising commander.
- Faisal Husseini, a statesman.
- Ahmed Hilmi Pasha,[11] soldier, economist, and politician
- Шаблон:Interlanguage link, the founder of the Arab Bank.
Environs
To its east, it joins the Ḥaram compound's west wall's Шаблон:W (arcade), which includes the Cotton Merchants' Gate to the south.
It is immediately north of the Cotton Merchants' Market. Farther south is ʿUthmāniyya Madrasa.
To its north are the Muzhiriyya & Arghūniyya Madrasas. Its current entrance is a small passageway between those two madrasas, leading north to Iron Gate Road.[3]
References
Bibliography
External links
Шаблон:Islamic structures on the Temple Mount
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Moudjir ed-dyn, 1876, p. 145
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 113
- ↑ Burgoyne, 1987, pp. 343−344
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Mujir al-Din in Burgoyne, 1987, p. 344
- ↑ van Berchem, 1920, pl. LXXI
- ↑ Burgoyne, 1987, p. 345
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web [structure number 88 on PDF's p. 40 (= p. 79). Text also available here. ]
- ↑ Al-Madrasah Al-Khatuniyya
