Английская Википедия:Alboka
The Basque Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Lang-es) is a single-reed woodwind instrument consisting of a single reed, two small diameter melody pipes with finger holes and a bell traditionally made from animal horn. Additionally, a reed cap of animal horn is placed around the reed to contain the breath and allow circular breathing for constant play. In the Basque language, an alboka player is called Шаблон:Lang. The alboka is usually used to accompany a tambourine singer.[1]
Although the alboka is native to the Basque region, similar instruments can be found around Spain including Madrid (Шаблон:Lang), Asturias (Шаблон:Lang), and Castile and Andalusia (Шаблон:Lang), but in those cases they only have a single pipe. The name is derived from the Arabic Шаблон:Transl (Шаблон:Lang), which means "the trumpet" or "the horn".
Hornpipes are made of a single reed, a small diameter melody pipe with fingerholes, and a bell traditionally made of animal horn.[2] An animal horn reed cap usually encompasses the idioglot reed. These instruments are descended from single-reed idioglot instruments found in Egypt as early as 2700 BCE.[3] During the Old Kingdom in Egypt (2778-2723 BCE), memets were depicted on the reliefs of seven tombs at Saqqarra, six tombs at Giza, and the pyramids of Queen Khentkaus.[4] Horns were later added to the reed pipe to increase resonance. Horn caps were also added around the reed, and the player would blow into the hornpipe to activate the reed instead of holding it in their mouth.[5]
The alboka has two cane pipes, a wood handle, and a horn at each end. It may be descended from the Moroccan double hornpipe, which has two cane pipes, each fitted with a cow horn.[3] The alboka was established in Spain by the end of the 13th-century. Representations of it can be found in the Шаблон:Lang and surviving medieval sculptural church decorations.
Notable Шаблон:Lang players are Ibon Koteron and Alan Griffin. It is also being integrated into modern bands, such as Шаблон:Lang.[6]
Gallery
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An alboka on a table.
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A diagram of an alboka in the Basque language.
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A medieval painting of two alboka players.
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An alboka standing upright.
See also
- Basque music
- Ibon Koteron
- Hornpipe (musical instrument)
- Stock-and-horn, a similar Scottish instrument
- Pibgorn, a similar Welsh instrument
- Erkencho
Bibliography
- Barrenchea, José Mariano y Riezu, P. Jorge de, "Alboka. Entorno folklórico" Archivo Padre Donostia. Lecaroz (Navarra), 1976.
Discography
- Alboka (musical group) Lorius
- Bidaia Шаблон:Lang
- Kepa Junkera & Ibon Koteron Шаблон:Lang
References
External links
Шаблон:Single reeds Шаблон:Music of Spain Шаблон:Authority control
