Английская Википедия:Alexander William Francis Banfield

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use Canadian English Шаблон:Use dmy dates

Шаблон:Infobox person Alexander William Francis Banfield, Frank Banfield, A. W. F, Banfield (March 12, 1918 – March 8, 1996), was one of the small group of early Canadian mammalogists who worked with Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) and the National Museum of Canada. His research and publications appeared repeatedly in publications on mammals in Canada.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn and in 1974 he published his book Mammals of Canada. His 1961 article "A Revision of the Reindeer and Caribou, Genus Rangifer" in the National Museum of Canada's Bulletin continues to be widely cited today in discussions on subspecies and ecotypes of caribou.

Canadian Wildlife Service

In 1948, in his first year as Chief Mammalogist of the newly formed Canadian Wildlife Service, with limited resources, Banfield undertook an ambitious "multi-year investigation into the status, range, and general ecology of the Barren-ground Caribou" which he coordinated and launched.Шаблон:Sfn This resulted in his 1951 publication "The Barren-ground Caribou."Шаблон:Sfn

Banfield's classification of Rangifer tarandus caribou questioned

Based on Banfield's often-cited A Revision of the Reindeer and Caribou, Genus Rangifer (1961),Шаблон:Sfn R. t. caboti (Labrador Caribou), R. t. osborni (Osborn's Caribou—from British Columbia) and R. t. terraenovae (Newfoundland Caribou) were considered invalid and included in R. t. caribou.

Some recent authorities have considered them all valid, even suggesting that they are quite distinct. In their book entitled Mammal Species of the World, American zoologist Don E. Wilson and DeeAnn Reeder agree with Valerius Geist, specialist on large North American mammals, that this range actually includes several subspecies.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Geist (2007) argued that the "true" woodland caribou, the "uniformly dark, small-manned type with the frontally emphasized, flat-beamed antlers", which is "scattered thinly along the southern rim of North American caribou distribution" has been incorrectly classified. He affirms that "true woodland caribou is very rare, in very great difficulties and requires the most urgent of attention."Шаблон:Sfn

In 2005, an analysis of mtDNA found differences among the caribou from Newfoundland, Labrador, south-western Canada and south-eastern Canada, but maintained all in R. t caribou.Шаблон:Sfn

Mallory and HillisШаблон:Sfn argued that, "Although the taxonomic designations reflect evolutionary events, they do not appear to reflect current ecological conditions. In numerous instances, populations of the same subspecies have evolved different demographic and behavioural adaptations, while populations from separate subspecies have evolved similar demographic and behavioural patterns... "[U]nderstanding ecotype in relation to existing ecological constraints and releases may be more important than the taxonomic relationships between populations."Шаблон:Sfn

Selected publications

  • Шаблон:Cite conference
  • Шаблон:Citation
  • Шаблон:Citation fig., 8 maps (Mimeographed.
  • 1951b. Notes on the mammals of the Mackenzie District, Northwest Territories. Arctic 4 (2): 112-121, 4 fig., 1 map.
  • 1952. Report on caribou investigations in the Canadian Arctic, 1948-50. Polar Record 6 (44): 532-534. (Apparently a summary of Banfield, 1951a.)
  • 1954. Preliminary investigation of the barren ground caribou. Part 1. Former and present distribution, migrations, and status. Part 2. Life history, ecology, and utilization. Canada Dept. Northern Affairs and National Resources, National Parks Branch, Canadian Wildlife Service, Wildlife Management Bull., ser. 1, 10A: [2]+79, 5 fig., 12 maps; 10B: [2]+112, 30 fig., 1 map. (Not seen until after the present report had gone to press.)
  • Шаблон:Citation evolution, taxonomy, In Caribou
  • Banfield, A.W.F. 1974. Mammals of Canada. University of Toronto Press. Toronto, Ontario. 438 pp.

Citations

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References

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