Английская Википедия:Ali Mirza Safavi
Ali Mirza Safavi, also known as Soltan-Ali SafaviШаблон:Sfn (died 1494), was the penultimate head of the Safavid order. Having grown wary of his political power, Ali Mirza was captured by the Ak Koyunlu and spent several years in captivity in Fars before being released in 1493 by prince Rostam. In the ensuing period he and his men assisted the prince in defeating Baysonqor bin Yaqub. A year later however, in 1494, now perceiving the Safavid order as a threat to his own position, Rostam ordered for the execution of Ali Mirza Safavi. Realizing his inevitable fate, shortly before his death, Ali Mirza Safavi appointed his brother Ismail as his successor. Ismail, in turn, eventually came to establish the Safavid Empire, with the regnal name Ismail I (Шаблон:Reign1501–1524).Шаблон:Sfn
Biography
Ali Mirza Safavi was the eldest son of Shaykh Haydar by his wife Alam-Shah Begum (Halima, Mart[h]a), daughter of Uzun Hasan by Despina Khatun (Theodora Megale Komnene).Шаблон:Sfn According to Qasem beg Tabrizi he was born in 1469/1470 in Sham Asbi village, outskirts of Ardabil.[1]
He succeeded his father as head of the Safavid order after his death at Tabasaran in Dagestan in 1488.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Ali Mirza Safavi was the first head of the Safavid order to assume the title of Padeshah.Шаблон:Sfn According to Roger Savory (1985), this was "a clear indication that by this stage the Safavids were aspiring to temporal as well as spiritual authority".Шаблон:Sfn The attribution of the title of Soltan, given to Ali Mirza Safavi by later historians, is doubtful; Ali Mirza probably didn't use the title himself according to Savory.Шаблон:Sfn
At some point, Sufi's of the Safavid order mobilized themselves at Ardabil around Ali Mirza Safavi, and instigated him "to avenge his father's death", in which the Ak Koyunlu had been involved.Шаблон:Sfn Dismayed by the news, the ruler of the Ak Koyunlu, Yaqub bin Uzun Hasan, ordered for the arrest of Ali Mirza Safavi and a number of his relatives, including his mother and two brothers.Шаблон:Sfn They were imprisoned at the fortress of Istakhr in Fars. Had it not been for the intervention of his mother, who also happened to be Yaqub bin Uzun Hasan's sister, Yaqub bin Uzun Hasan would have probably executed Ali Mirza.Шаблон:Sfn
Ali Mirza Safavi spent more than four years incarcerated; he was eventually released in 1493 by a prince of the Ak Koyunlu named Rostam, who happened to be one of the claimants to the throne following Yaqub bin Uzun Hasan's death in 1490.Шаблон:Sfn Rostam wanted to use Ali Mirza Safavi and his followers (i.e. members of the Safavid order) to capture the throne. In turn, Rostam reportedly promised Ali Mirza Safavi to give him "the throne of Iran after his own death".Шаблон:Sfn In the ensuing period, in 1493, Ali Mirza Safavi and his men assisted Rostam in defeating the incumbent Baysonqor bin Yaqub.Шаблон:Sfn However, soon after, in 1494, Rostam realized that Ali Mirza Safavi and his order were an actual threat to his own position, and thus ordered for the arrest of Ali Mirza Safavi and his brothers.Шаблон:Sfn Ali Mirza Safavi and his brothers, accompanied by a small retinue, managed to escape from Rostam's camp and moved towards Ardabil.Шаблон:Sfn Rostam however was aware that the reunification of Ali Mirza Safavi and his men could mean possible danger to his own position. He thus "sent a force in hot pursuit" after the fugitives.Шаблон:Sfn
Realizing his own inevitable fate, Ali Mirza Safavi appointed his brother Ismail as his successor, and ordered him to move ahead to reach Ardabil.Шаблон:Sfn Ali Mirza Safavi himself was caught by the Ak Koyunlu troops at Shamasbi near Ardabil, and killed.Шаблон:Sfn On the order of his mother, Alam-Shah Begum (Halima, Mart[h]a), his body was taken to Ardabil where it was buried.Шаблон:Sfn His brother Ismail eventually founded the Safavid Empire some years later, and became regnally known as Ismail I (Шаблон:Reign1501–1524).Шаблон:Sfn
See also
References
Sources
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