Английская Википедия:Aluchin (volcano)
Шаблон:Short descriptionШаблон:Infobox mountain Aluchin is a volcano along the Aluchin RiverШаблон:Sfn in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug of Russia. The volcano was discovered in 1956–1957 by G.K. Kleshchev.[1]
Description
The volcano is formed by three cones, named Alpha, Beta and Gamma, which occur along a fissure.Шаблон:Sfn Alpha, the main cone, formed within a river valley. It is Шаблон:Convert high and has a diameter of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn A crater Шаблон:Convert wide and Шаблон:Convert deep caps the cone. Beta, a smaller cone formed by lava and scoria, grew on the southeastern side of Alpha. It ejected lava bombs with sizes of up to Шаблон:Convert that landed in the surrounding valleys.Шаблон:Sfn Beta is partially degraded,Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert high and has a Шаблон:Convert wide crater.Шаблон:Sfn Gamma is formed by agglomerates.Шаблон:Sfn Because the poorly indurated agglomerates are subject to rapid erosion the cone's structure has been heavily degraded. It is Шаблон:Convert high with no recognizable crater and a base size of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn
Volcanic activity has generated lava flows that fill a valley. These flows cover a surface area of Шаблон:Convert and reach a length of Шаблон:Convert. The total volume reached by the flows is Шаблон:Convert,Шаблон:Sfn or more. Part of the lava flowed down into the valley of the Aluchin River, reaching a length of Шаблон:Convert upvalley.Шаблон:Sfn These lava flows may be dependent on fissure eruptions along the fault rather than the cones.Шаблон:Sfn The eruption of the lava disrupted the river courses of the Aluchin and Burgakhchan rivers. Later the Aluchin River cut a deep gorge in the lava flow,Шаблон:Sfn exposing columnar basalts.Шаблон:Sfn The eruptions of the Beta and Gamma lava flows apparently occurred in three distinct events.Шаблон:Sfn
Volcanic rocks erupted by the Aluchin volcanic cones include basalts with glass-, pumice- and scoria-like consistency. Granodiorite blocks are found as xenoliths. The lava flows contain olivine, ilmenite and magnetite.Шаблон:Sfn The rocks of the volcano are of trachybasalt-basalt composition,Шаблон:Sfn being a typical continental Asia alkaline series.Шаблон:Sfn Their formation was influenced by pyroxene fractionation.[1]
The volcano is located in part of the Anyuy area where a fault dating back possibly to the Paleozoic cuts the terrain. Paleozoic and possibly Proterozoic rocks crop out at the sides of the fault. A number of volcanic rocks, both effusive and intrusive ones, are associated with the fault and go as far back as the Devonian.Шаблон:Sfn
The lava flows of the Beta and Gamma cones apparently formed first.Шаблон:Sfn An age of 1000 CE was estimated for the volcanoes,Шаблон:Sfn on the basis of the timespan estimated for the development of soil on the lava flows and the growth of trees on them.Шаблон:Sfn This would make Aluchin one of the few continental Asian volcanoes with activity during the Holocene.Шаблон:Sfn Argon-argon dating however has yielded a much older age of 277,300 ± 2,100 years ago;Шаблон:Sfn that age may reflect a more general volcanic event in northeastern Russia, as other local volcanoes were also active at that time.Шаблон:Sfn The formation of the Alpha cone was characterized by an alternation of explosive and effusive activity.Шаблон:Sfn
The Anyuy volcano lies Шаблон:Convert farther north.[1] It and Aluchin form the Anyuy group of volcanoesШаблон:Sfn which have erupted volcanic rocks with similar composition;Шаблон:Sfn their activity is associated with former and present-day plate boundaries in northeastern Russia.Шаблон:Sfn
See also
References
Sources
- Английская Википедия
- Volcanoes of Russia
- Mountains of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
- Holocene volcanoes
- Holocene Asia
- Geology of the Russian Far East
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