Английская Википедия:Alutiiq language
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox language
The Alutiiq language (also called Sugpiak, Sugpiaq,[1] Sugcestun,[2] Suk,[2] Supik,[1][2] Pacific Gulf Yupik, Gulf Yupik,[2] Koniag-Chugach) is a close relative to the Central Alaskan Yup'ik language spoken in the western and southwestern Alaska, but is considered a distinct language. It has two major dialects:
- Koniag Alutiiq: spoken on the upper part of the Alaska Peninsula and on Kodiak Island; it was also spoken on Afognak Island before that was deserted by the people in the wake of the 1964 Good Friday earthquake.
- Chugach Alutiiq: spoken on the Kenai Peninsula and in Prince William Sound.
The ethnonyms of the Sugpiaq-Alutiiq are a predicament.[3] Aleut, Alutiiq, Sugpiaq, Russian, Pacific Eskimo, Unegkuhmiut, and Chugach Eskimo are among the terms that have been used to identify this group of Native people living on the Lower Kenai Peninsula of Alaska.
About 400 of the Alutiiq population of 3,000 still speak the Alutiiq language. Alutiiq communities are currently in the process of revitalizing their language. In 2010 the high school in Kodiak responded to requests from students and agreed to teach the Alutiiq language. The Kodiak dialect of the language was spoken by only about 50 persons, all of them elderly, and the dialect was in danger of being lost entirely.[4] As of 2014, Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage is offering classes using the "Where Are Your Keys?" technique.[5]
Phonology
Consonants
Consonants may be double and have geminated sounds (e.g. kk; Шаблон:IPA). More consonants Шаблон:IPA can only be found in loanwords.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | |
| Mid | Шаблон:IPA link | ||
| Open | Шаблон:IPA link |
All vowels except for Шаблон:IPA, are considered as full vowels, distinguished with vowel length. Шаблон:IPA does not lengthen, nor occurs into vowel clusters, but may tend to be devoiced as Шаблон:IPA next to other consonants.[6]
Orthography
- a - Шаблон:IPAblink
- c - Шаблон:IPAblink
- e - Шаблон:IPAblink
- f - Шаблон:IPAblink
- g - Шаблон:IPAblink
- gw - Шаблон:IPA
- hm - Шаблон:IPAblink
- hn - Шаблон:IPAblink
- hng - Шаблон:IPAblink
- i - Шаблон:IPAblink
- k - Шаблон:IPAblink
- kw - Шаблон:IPA
- l - Шаблон:IPAblink
- ll - Шаблон:IPAblink
- m - Шаблон:IPAblink
- n - Шаблон:IPAblink
- ng - Шаблон:IPAblink
- p - Шаблон:IPAblink
- q - Шаблон:IPAblink
- r - Шаблон:IPAblink
- ʀ - Шаблон:IPAblink[7]
- s - Шаблон:IPAblink
- t - Шаблон:IPAblink
- u - Шаблон:IPAblink
- w - Шаблон:IPAblink
- y - Шаблон:IPAblink
After voiceless consonants, the voiceless nasals are written without h-.
Other letters
- aa - Шаблон:IPA
- ai - Шаблон:IPA
- au - Шаблон:IPA
- ia - Шаблон:IPA
- ii - Шаблон:IPA
- iu - Шаблон:IPA
- ua - Шаблон:IPA
- ui - Шаблон:IPA
- uu - Шаблон:IPA[8]
Vocabulary comparison
The comparison of number terms and month names in the two dialects:
| English | Koniag Alutiiq[9] | Chugach Alutiiq[10] | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nanwalek & Port Graham |
Chenega | ||
| 1 | allringuq / allriluq | allringuq | all'inguq |
| 2 | mal'uk | malruk / mall'uk | atel'ek |
| 3 | pingayun | pinga'an | |
| 4 | staaman | ||
| 5 | talliman | ||
| 6 | arwilgen | arwinlen | |
| 7 | mallrungin | mallruungin | maquungwin |
| 8 | inglulgen | inglulen | |
| 9 | qulnguyan | qulnguan | |
| 10 | qulen | ||
| English | Koniag Alutiiq[9] | Chugach Alutiiq[10] | |
| January | Cuqllirpaaq Iraluq | ||
| February | Nanicqaaq Iraluq | Yaʼalungia'aq | |
| March | Kaignasqaq Iraluq | Ya'alullraaq | |
| April | Uqna'isurt'sqaaq Iraluq | Saqulegciq | |
| May | Nikllit Iraluat | Maniit Ya'allua | |
| June | Naut'staat Iraluat | Iqallugciq | |
| July | . | . | |
| August | Alaganat Iraluat | Uksuam Ya'allua | |
| September | Qakiiyat Iraluat | Alusastuam Ya'allua | |
| October | Kakegllum Iralua | . | |
| November | Quyawim Iralua | Kapkaanam Ya'allua | |
| December | Qanim Iralua | . | |
| English | Koniag Alutiiq[9] | Chugach Alutiiq[10] | |
References
Further reading
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite AV media
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite web
External links
- alutiiqmuseum.org Alutiiq Word of the Week
- alutiiqlanguage.org Learn the Alutiiq Language
- uaf.edu Alaska Native Languages - Alutiiq
- asna.ca Alutiiq Orthodox language texts Шаблон:Webarchive
Шаблон:Eskimo-Aleut languages Шаблон:Languages of Alaska Шаблон:Languages of the United States
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Language in the USA, Cambridge University Press, 1981
- ↑ Medeia Csoba DeHass, What is in a Name?: The Predicament of Ethnonyms in the Sugpiaq-Alutiiq Region of Alaska Шаблон:Webarchive. Arctic Anthropology. January 2012 49:3-17 (= "Aleut," "Alutiiq," "Sugpiaq," "Russian," "Pacific Eskimo," "Unegkuhmiut," and "Chugach Eskimo" are all different names that have been used to identify the group of Native people living on the Lower Kenai Peninsula of Alaska.)
- ↑ Kodiak High School Adding Alutiiq Language Class Шаблон:Webarchive, Jacob Resneck KMXT/Alaska Public Radio Network 12-17-2010
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite work
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite web
