Английская Википедия:Alvis Speed 20

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Шаблон:EngvarB Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox automobile Шаблон:Infobox automobile engine The Alvis Speed 20 is a British touring car that was made between late 1931 and 1936 by Alvis Car and Engineering Company in Coventry. It went through four variants coded SA to SD.

In October 1935 the Speed 20 was supplemented by a 3½-litre car initially sold alongside their Speed 20 SD and named 3½-litre SA. After their Speed 20 was dropped from their catalogue the 3½-litre car was given a shorter wheelbase and named Speed 25 SB.

Speed 20 SA

The engine for the Speed 20 was a heavily modified version of the one used in the preceding Silver Eagle cars, producing Шаблон:Convert.[1] Triple HV4 type SU carburettors were fitted. As before the engine and clutch unit sat on flexible conical rubber mountings in a system used by Alvis from 1925. The chassis was new and lowered by making it a "double drop" type where the side rails go over the front and rear axles. A centralised lubrication system was fitted allowing oil to be provided to moving suspension parts through a maze of pipework. Both front and rear suspension used half-elliptic leaf springs and the self-servo brakes, with Шаблон:Convert drums, were mechanically operated. The four-speed manual gearbox was mounted in-unit with the engine.[2]
Файл:1932 Alvis Speed 20A Sport Tourer - fv2.jpg
1932 Sports tourer
Файл:1933 Alvis Speed 20 SA 3805088910.jpg
1933 Sports tourer

The car could be fitted with a variety of coachwork. Standard bodies were a four-door sports saloon from coachbuilders Charlesworth, a four-seater sports coupé or four-door tourer by Cross & Ellis, but some cars were supplied in chassis form and carried bodies by coachbuilders such as Vanden Plas.[3] The 4-speed gearbox had constant mesh on the top two gears.. It used a single plate clutch, central change lever, open tubular propellor shaft with metal joints (arranged in a straight line), and a spiral bevel fully floating back axle.[2]

Approximately 400 of the SA cars were made.

Speed 20 SB

The SB launched at the October 1933 London Motor Show had a new cruciform braced chassis, slightly longer at Шаблон:Convert, with independent front suspension using a single transverse leaf spring with a long solid anchorage in the centre.[4] Steering was improved using new designs employed for racing Alvis cars since 1925. Road shocks were not transmitted from one wheel to the other nor did they affect the steering wheel and the gyroscopic effect was eliminated. Rear springs damped by Hartford Telecontrol dampers are long and underslung. The engine remained the same but the new all-silent gearbox, the first of its type, had synchromesh on all gears and was mounted separately from the engine.[5] A built-in jacking system was fitted as standard.[3]

As with the SA, a wide range of bodies were fitted to the cars. Large Lucas Шаблон:Convert P100 headlamps became standard, adding to the sporting appearance of the car.[3]

Файл:Alvis Speed Twenty - Flickr - mick - Lumix.jpg
Speed 20 standard 4-door sports saloon by Charlesworth
Файл:1934 Alvis Speed 20 SB "flat-back" 2-door saloon by Vanden Plas, rear right.jpg
1934 Speed 20 SB "flat-back" two-door saloon by Vanden Plas

Road test

The Times motoring correspondent tested and after describing its technical features in detail reviewed the car. Salient comments have been summarised as follows. The four-seater saloon was described as "distinctly fast in acceleration and speed" with a comfortable body such that a passer-by looks twice at it. A third person could be squeezed into the back seat. The four windows in the four doors allowed a good view all round. It was noted that each front wheel was independently steered and sprung in the manner introduced on the Alvis Crested Eagle and used on Alvis's racing cars since 1925, the aim being to provide good directional stability, road-holding and comfort.[5]

The steering and suspension was a star feature, the steering action exceptionally steady and light. The car does not heel or roll and there is little wheel bounce. The best speeds on second and third gears were 48 and 68 mph, 90 mph should be possible in top. Providing on the road such rapid acceleration and high rates the engine ran fairly quietly and with smoothness yet displaying exuberant spirits. The action of clutch and new gear change was pleasing.[5]

Файл:1934 Alvis Speed 20 Vanden Plas Saloon 2762cc 20hp.jpg
1934 Speed 20 SC fixed head coupé by Vanden Plas
Файл:1935 Alvis Speed 20 SC Mayfair 9682973412.jpg
1935 Speed 20 SC sports saloon by Mayfair

Speed 20 SC

For 1935 the engine grew to 2762 cc by increasing the stroke to Шаблон:Cvt and the range designation became SC. Modifications were also made to the complex steering gear, and the front damping was improved. Twin electric fuel pumps were provided. At the rear the chassis was stiffened by having side members above and below the axle.[6]

Файл:1935 Alvis Speed 20 SC Lancefield Drophead Coupe (8513232845).jpg
Speed 20 SC instrument panel
Файл:Alvis Speed 20 SC 1935 - front three-quarter.jpg
Speed 20 SC

Speed 20 SD

The final SD version for 1936 was similar to the SC but had a larger fuel tank and slightly wider bodywork. A Шаблон:Convert wheelbase version became an option.

Файл:1936 Alvis Speed Twenty 10135340186.jpg
1936 Speed 20 SD 4-dr sports saloon
by Lancefield
Файл:Alvis Speed 20 1936.jpg
1936 Speed 20 with open two-seater body

3½-litre engine

Файл:Alvis 3.5 litre 1935 Castle Hedingham 2008.JPG
1936 3½-litre drophead coupé
by Charlesworth

As with many cars of the time, bodies were getting more luxurious and hence heavier. Five weeks after their 30 August 1935 announcement of minor improvements to their Speed 20 Alvis announced a new additional 3½-litre 26hp engine fed by triple SU carburettors[7][8] naming it 3½-litre SA. Twelve months later given a strengthened engine with seven main bearings it was renamed Speed 25.[9]


References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

  1. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок AZ1930 не указан текст
  2. 2,0 2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок TT45960 не указан текст
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок TT46560 не указан текст
  4. Specifications, Latest British Products, Models For 1935, Cars and Commercial Vehicles. The Times, Tuesday, 2 Apr 1935; pg. 63; Issue 47028.
  5. 5,0 5,1 5,2 The Times, Tuesday, 3 April 1934; pg. 3; Issue 46718.
  6. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок TT46858 не указан текст
  7. Cars Of 1936. The Times, Thursday, 3 Oct 1935; pg. 10; Issue 47185
  8. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок TT47201 не указан текст
  9. Cars Of 1937. The Times, Wednesday, 26 Aug 1936; pg. 8; Issue 47463