Английская Википедия:Ambalavasi
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use Indian English Ambalavasi, more properly Ampalavasi, (IAST: Ampalavāsi; Шаблон:Literally) is the generic name for a group of castes among Hindus in Kerala, India, who have traditionally rendered temple services.[1]
Castes
The Ambalavasis are broadly divided into two groups, being those who wear the sacred thread and those who do not.
Sacred thread wearers
Pushpaka Brahmins
- Pushpaka (Pushpakan Unni)[1]
- NambeesanШаблон:Cn
- Theeyatt UnniШаблон:Cn
- KurukkalШаблон:Cn
- PuppalliШаблон:Cn
- Plappalli (Pilappalli)Шаблон:Cn
- NambidiШаблон:Cn
Others
Threadless Ambalavasis
Temple services
Though all Ampalavāsis have to do service in temples, they have sufficiently distinct functions to perform. Pushpakans and Nambeesans are teachers in the Pathasalas or Mutts and suppliers of flowers to temple.[1] Chakyar stages dramas called Kooth and Koodiyattam.[4] Marars are temple musicians. Variar and Poduval did managerial and executive functions of temple committees and served as storekeepers and watchmen.[5]
Customs
Their ritual rank in Hinduism lies between that of a Brahmin and Nair.[6][7][8][9] Ambalavasis were known as Antharala Jathikal.
Kazhakams
Kazhakams or Ambalakkazhakams refer to associations of Ambalavasi peoples in a temple to perform specific duties in the temple.[10]
Temple arts
Sri. Chendamangalam Unnikrishna Maarar in action - In the middle.
Traditionally, Ambalavasis are associated with various types of temple arts. Earlier, each of these temple arts were performed only by specific Ambalavasi castes. Now there is no community or caste barrier.Шаблон:Citation needed
| Temple Art | Associated Ambalavasi castes |
|---|---|
| Koodiyattam | Chakyar[11] |
| Kooth | Chakyar,[12] Nangyar (women of Nambiar)[13] |
| Certain roles of Krishnanattam | |
| Mizhavu (Musical Instrument) | Nambiar[14] |
| Thullal | |
| Pathakam | Nambiar[15] |
| Theeyattu | |
| Ilathalam (Musical instrument) | |
| Vadyams (Musical instruments) like Chenda, Thimila, Idakka, Udukku etc. |
Marar[3] |
| Sopanasangeetham | |
| Panchavadyam | |
| Thayampaka | |
| Pandi Melam | |
| Panchari Melam | |
| Brahmanippattu | Brahmani (women of Nambeesan)[16][17] |
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news Quote: Nangyarkoothu is a traditional artform performed by the women of the Ambalavasi Nambiar community of Kerala, called Nangyaramma. However, people from other castes also has been performing the artform since the second half of the 20th century.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
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