Английская Википедия:Ambrosia psilostachya
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Speciesbox
Ambrosia psilostachya is a species of ragweed known by the common names Cuman ragweed and perennial ragweed,[1] and western ragweed.
Distribution and habitat
The plant is widespread across much of North America (United States, Canada, and northern Mexico).[2] It is also naturalized in parts of Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America.[3] It is a common plant in many habitat types, including disturbed areas such as roadsides.[4][5][6][7][8]
Description
Ambrosia psilostachya is an erect perennial herb growing a slender, branching, straw-colored stem to a maximum height near two meters, but more often remaining under one meter tall. Leaves are up to 12 centimeters long and vary in shape from lance-shaped to nearly oval, and they are divided into many narrow, pointed lobes. The stem and leaves are hairy.[4]
The top of the stem is occupied by an inflorescence which is usually a spike. The species is monoecious, and the inflorescence is composed of staminate (male) flower heads with the pistillate heads located below and in the axils of leaves.[4] This bloom period is from June through November.
The pistillate heads yield fruits which are achenes located within oval-shaped greenish-brown burs about half a centimeter long. The burs are hairy and sometimes spiny. The plant reproduces by seed and by sprouting up from a creeping rhizome-like root system.[9]
Ecology
Ambrosia psilostachya is a host plant for the caterpillars of Bucculatrix transversata,[10] Cosmopterix opulenta, Exaeretia gracilis, Gnorimoschema saphirinella,[11] Schinia sexplagiata; the beetles Zygogramma disrupta, Zygogramma suturalis;[12] and the grasshopper Spharagemon collare.[13]
Medicinal uses
This plant had a number of medicinal uses among several different Native American tribes, including the Cheyenne, Kumeyaay (Diegueno), and Kiowa people.[14]
Chemistry
Ambrosia psilostachya contains a group of phytochemicals called psilostachyins.[15]
References
External links
- Calflora Database: Ambrosia psilostachya (Western ragweed)
- Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment: Ambrosia psilostachya
- USDA National Forest Service, FEIS Ecology of Ambrosia psilostachya
- USGS.gov: Northern Prairie Wildlife Profile
- UC Calphotos Photos gallery of Ambrosia psilostachya
- ↑ Шаблон:BSBI 2007
- ↑ Biota of North America Program 2104 county distribution map
- ↑ United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile . accessed 2.14.2013
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 18 Ambrosia psilostachya de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle
- ↑ Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 877 裸穗豚草 luo sui tun cao Ambrosia psilostachya Candolle
- ↑ Tropicos, specimen listing for Ambrosia psilostachya DC
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Ambrosia con spighe rade, Ambrosia psilostachya DC. includes photos and European distribution map
- ↑ Atlas of Living Australia, Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Perennial Ragweed
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ University of Michigan at Dearborn: Native American Ethnobotany of Ambrosia psilostachya . accessed 2.14.2013
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- Английская Википедия
- Ambrosia (plant)
- Flora of Canada
- Flora of Northeastern Mexico
- Flora of Northwestern Mexico
- Flora of the Eastern United States
- Flora of the Western United States
- Plants described in 1836
- Taxa named by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
- Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Plants used in traditional Native American medicine
- Flora without expected TNC conservation status
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