Английская Википедия:American Swedish Institute
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox museum
The American Swedish Institute (ASI) is a museum and cultural center in the Phillips West neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The organization is dedicated to the preservation and study of the historic role Sweden and Swedish Americans have played in US culture and history. The museum complex includes the Swan Turnblad Mansion, completed in 1908, and the adjoining Nelson Cultural Center, completed in 2012.
Today, ASI serves as a gathering place for all people to share experiences around themes of culture, migration, the environment and the arts, informed by enduring links to Sweden. The museum offers exhibitions from Sweden and the Nordic region, programming for youth and family, and in recent years, has expanded its performing arts offerings. The museum's restaurant, FIKA, was named "Best Lunch In Minnesota" by the Star Tribune in 2013 for its New Nordic cuisine.[1]
History
The American Swedish Institute is housed in a turn-of-the-20th-century mansion that was built for Swedish immigrants Swan and Christina Turnblad. Swan Turnblad immigrated with his family to the United States in 1868 at the age of eight. His parents made the decision to leave their farm in the famine-ridden area of Småland, Sweden. The family settled in a Swedish community called Vasa in southern Minnesota where they joined relatives who had settled in the area earlier.Шаблон:Cn
Swan Turnblad was not content to continue in the family farming tradition. In 1879, Turnblad left Vasa for Minneapolis where he lived the quintessential rags-to-riches American success story. After he moved to Minneapolis, Turnblad worked at several Swedish language newspapers as a typesetter. His interest in the printing industry eventually led to his success as publisher of the Swedish language newspaper Svenska Amerikanska Posten. Within ten years he was the sole owner. Under his management, circulation of the weekly paper soared to over 40,000, a substantial increase from the 1,400 it initially claimed. This publication was likely the principal source of Turnblad's wealth.Шаблон:Cn
The success of the paper was a result of Turnblad's aggressive management style, as well as the large numbers of Swedish immigrants who supported it. He created a technically advanced newspaper by using the best printing equipment available. He was the first Swedish publisher in America to set his paper by Linotype machine. In 1903, Svenska Amerikanska Posten became the first Swedish language paper to use a duplex rotary color printing press, enabling the creation of color illustrations.Шаблон:Cn
In Minneapolis, Swan met and married Christina Nilsson. She, like Turnblad, had come to America from Sweden with her family. Her family settled in Worthington, Minnesota, in 1876 when Christina was 15. Her first job in America paid no wages, but gave her work experience and English language training. Later she worked as a waitress for one year. In 1882, Christina moved to Minneapolis where she met the young newspaperman at a Good Templar meeting. They were married in 1883 and their only child, Lillian Zenobia, was born a year later.Шаблон:Cn
In the early 20th century, the Turnblads started to plan the building of their palatial estate. Their many trips to Europe certainly influenced their decision on the stately chateau style of the mansion and the ornate designs of the interior. The property on Park Avenue was purchased in 1903 and plans were drawn up by the Minneapolis architectural firm of Christopher A. Boehme and Victor Cordella. The structure took nearly five years to build. The Turnblads did not take out a mortgage on this property during construction. Bills were paid as they came due and there are no records of construction costs. When the museum was founded in 1929, the Minneapolis Tribune reported, "the cost is believed to have been close to $1 million although this is a matter the builder does not discuss."Шаблон:Cn
The transition from private residence to museum happened in 1929 when the family donated the house and the newspaper to establish the American Institute for Swedish Arts, Literature and Science (later changed to the American Swedish Institute). Turnblad stated that he had long planned for the home to be a Swedish-American institute. He was quoted as saying, "many persons may have wondered what a small family like ours, a family which had not great social ambitions, wanted with so big a house. Perhaps they can guess now." The mansion is on the National Register of Historic Places.[2] It was listed for its local significance in architecture, art, and education.[3]
The second floor of the mansion underwent restoration in 1995 to rebuild damaged plaster moldings, and restore their gold leaf and paint to match undamaged regions. The work received a Heritage Preservation Award.[4]
In 2012, ASI opened a Шаблон:Convert addition designed by HGA Architects of Minneapolis. The addition includes new gallery space, craft workshop, glass-enclosed reception area, gift shop, restaurant (FIKA), and spaces for events such as concerts, lectures, and community gatherings. The addition was dedicated by King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden.[5]
Exhibits at ASI
Exhibits at ASI have included:
- The Watercolor Worlds of Lars Lerin – Lars Lerin is a contemporary Nordic artist whose work is described as "both impressionistic and highly detailed".[6]
- Nordic: A Photographic Essay of Landscapes, Food and People – photography from the Michelin Star-winning chef, Magnus Nilsson.[7]
- Eight Seasons in Sápmi, the Land of the Sámi People – the art and culture of the Sami people from the northernmost regions of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Russia.[8]
- Papercut! The Incredible Psaligraphy of Karen Bit Vejle – an exhibit of 54 paper creations.[9]
- Nobel Creations – Couture designs from students of Beckmans College of Design, on loan from the Nobel Museum in Stockholm, Sweden.[10]
Annual Christmas exhibit
In the 1950s, ASI began displays that showed how Christmas is celebrated in different Scandinavian countries. This has evolved into an annual display where each room in the mansion is decorated to represent a different country: Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, and Denmark. Recently, the museum has added a "guest country" to the display with a Navidad room from Mexico in 2014 and a Russian Christmas room in 2015.[11]
See also
References
Other sources
External links
- Шаблон:Official
- American Swedish Institute architecture restoration
- Swan Turnblad house at the City of Minneapolis website
Photos
- Swan Turnblad at the Minnesota Historical Society
- Swan Turnblad (at far left in back row) Шаблон:Webarchive in a group photo with William Jennings Bryan
- American Swedish Institute at the Minnesota Historical Society
- American Swedish Institute at the Hennepin County Library
- American Swedish Institute Digital Collection, Minnesota Reflections
Шаблон:Museums in Minnesota Шаблон:National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ History of Hennepin County and The City of Minneapolis, 1881. Page 277. North Star Publishing http://hennbios.tripod.com/surnamet.htm
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Châteauesque architecture in the United States
- Ethnic museums in Minnesota
- Historic house museums in Minnesota
- Houses completed in 1910
- Houses in Minneapolis
- Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota
- Museums in Minneapolis
- National Register of Historic Places in Minneapolis
- Culture of Sweden
- Swedish-American culture in Minneapolis–Saint Paul
- Swedish-American museums
- 1926 establishments in Minnesota
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
