Английская Википедия:Amos 2
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Bible chapter
Amos 2 is the second chapter of the Book of Amos in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In the Hebrew Bible, Amos is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[1][2] The book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Amos. This chapter contains his prophecies regarding God's judgment against Moab, Judah, and Israel, following a pattern established in chapter 1.
Text
The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 16 verses. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).Шаблон:Sfn
Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 4Q78 (4QXIIc; 75–50 BCE) with extant verses 11–16;Шаблон:Sfn[3]Шаблон:Sfn 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 25 BCE) with extant verses 1, 7–9, 15–16;Шаблон:Sfn[3]Шаблон:Sfn and Wadi Murabba'at (MurXII; 75–100 CE) with extant verse 1.[3]
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>A; 5th century), Codex Marchalianus (Q; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>Q; 6th century)Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn and Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 846 (~550 CE; with extant verses 6–12).[4]
Contents and commentary
This chapter continues the use of the numerical proverb format established in chapter 1.[5]
Oracle against Moab (Verses 1–3)
Despite the literary closures, this oracle seems to form a larger pattern with the others.Шаблон:Sfn The Moabites were related to Lot and therefore to Abraham and his descendants.[6] The crime of Moab probably is more about sacrilege (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse; cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse), with bones mentioned also in 6:9–10; verse 2b echoing 1:14b; and the trumpet reappears in 3:6, in a similar context (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse, 16,19).Шаблон:Sfn
- Шаблон:SupThus says the Lord:
- For three transgressions of Moab, and for four,
- I will not turn away its punishment,
- Because he burned the bones of the king of Edom to lime.
- Шаблон:SupBut I will send a fire upon Moab,
- And it shall devour the palaces of Kerioth;
- Moab shall die with tumult,
- With shouting and trumpet sound.
- Шаблон:SupAnd I will cut off the judge from its midst,
- And slay all its princes with him,”
- Says the Шаблон:Lord.[7]
- "He burned the bones of the King of Edom into lime": This profanation of the corpse by the Moabite people (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse; Шаблон:Bibleverse) is not mentioned in any historical documents. Some historical commentators, such as Jacobus Tirinus (1580–1636) and Cornelius a Lapide (1567–1637), think that the prophet wants to show that 'the sympathy of God extends beyond the covenant people, and that he punishes wrongs inflicted even on heathen nations'. The event probably happened in relation to the coalition of the king of Edom with Jehoram and Jehoshaphat against Mesha, the King of Moab (2 Kings 3:Шаблон:Bibleverse), who made inscription on Mesha Stele at Dibon mentioned the war against Edom (unfortunately only some texts remain, as follows: "And Chemosh said to me, Go down, make war against Horonaim [i.e. the men of Edom], and take... Chemosh... in my days. Wherefore I made... year ... and I..."). Jerome quotes a Jewish tradition stating that after this war the Moab people dug up and dishonored the bones of king of Edom in revenge for the assistance he had given to the Israelites. Edom was then a vassal of Judah, but regained its independence about ten years later (Шаблон:Bibleverse).[8][9]
- 'Sound', in verse 2, is qol, cf. Amos 1:2.Шаблон:Sfn
Oracle against Judah (verses 4-5)
- Thus says the Lord:
- "For three transgressions of Judah,
- and for four, I will not revoke the punishment,
- because they have rejected the law of the Lord,
- and have not kept his statutes,
- but their lies have led them astray,
- those after which their fathers walked."[10]
The editors of the Jerusalem Bible suggest that this oracle may have been a later addition to the text.[11]
- "For three transgressions of Judah": There is no difference in the treatment of Jews and Gentiles (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse. "...as many as have signed in the law, shall be judged by the law", as Jerome notes "those other nations, Damascus and the rest, he upbraids not for having cast away the law of God, and despised His commandments, for they had not the written law, but that of nature only. So then of them he says, that "they corrupted all their compassions" ... but Judah ... had the worship of God and the temple and its rites, and had received the law and commandments ... is rebuked and convicted by the Lord, for that it had "cast aside His law and not kept His commandments;" wherefore it should be punished as it deserved".[12]
Verse 10
- Also I brought you up from the land of Egypt,
- and led you forty years through the wilderness,
- to possess the land of the Amorite.[13]
- and led you forty years through the wilderness,
- "Also I": (literally, "And I") Used by God to remind the people of the good things he did as a motive to obedience (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse; Шаблон:Bibleverse; Шаблон:Bibleverse).[12]
- "Forty years through the wilderness": During those "forty years" the law was rehearsed and the people were daily supplied with the manna, the water from the rock, as well as the deliverance from the serpents and other dangers, so the journey through the wilderness was not just a punishment but also a blend of kindness (cf. Шаблон:Bibleverse; Шаблон:Bibleverse-nb, Шаблон:Bibleverse-nb).[12]
- "The land of the Amorite": refers to the whole land of Canaan as the Amorites were the principal nation of it in the past.[14]
See also
Шаблон:Columns-list Шаблон:Portal
Notes
References
Sources
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
External links
Jewish
Christian
- ↑ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
- ↑ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Dead sea scrolls – Amos
- ↑ John R Abercrombie. 'A History of the Acquisition of Papyri and Related Written Material in the University Museum'. Web publication only, c. 1980.
- ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), Footnote d at Amos 1:3
- ↑ See Шаблон:Bibleverse
- ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse: New King James Version
- ↑ Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "Amos 2". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.
- ↑ Jamieson, Robert; Fausset, Andrew Robert; Brown, David. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible, "Amos 2". 1871.
- ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse: MEV
- ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), Footnote c at Amos 2:4
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Bible - Amos 2. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884.
- ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
- ↑ Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Amos 2. Accessed 24 April 2019.
