Английская Википедия:Anglocentrism
At the top, angels are shown carrying the banner of freedom. In the foreground, Britannia is triumphantly sitting over the globe. The colonies are represented through images of tigers, elephants, forests, and primitive people.The domination of the world is shown as the basis of British matriotism.
Anglocentrism refers to the perceived cultural, economical, historical, political and social bias, ethnocentrism or dominance in favor of Anglo-Saxon or Anglophone perspectives, often to the marginalization of other cultures in various aspects of global affairs. Historically, the phenomenon stems from the British Empire's extensive influence and the global spread of the English language that often manifests encompassing various aspects of life, including literature, media, politics, and cultural norms on a global scale.
Critics argue that anglocentrism can contribute to a limited worldview and hinder global inclusivity by overshadowing the rich diversity of global cultures and histories, and highlight the acknowledgement of the contributions of various societies beyond the Anglosphere. Proponents may assert its role in shaping major global institutions and fostering common linguistic and legal frameworks. The term is subject to ongoing discourse and analysis in discussions surrounding cultural diversity, globalization, and international relations.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Anglocentrism often manifests in the prioritization of occidentalist perspectives in international discourse, media, and diplomacy. It is important to note that while this phenomenon is commonly associated with cultural imperialism, it can also be unintentional.
Historic context
The historical roots of Anglocentrism can be traced back to the widespread influence of the British Empire during the 19th and 20th centuries which spanned several centuries, controlled vast swathes across the globe, and had a profound impact on global culture and power dynamics. At its zenith, the English language became a dominant force, contributing to the propagation of anglocentric cultural norms and values.This historic legacy continues to reinforcing the perception of its superiority today.
Cultural and linguistic imperialism
Шаблон:Main Anglocentrism is often evident in the global linguistic landscape, i.e media, movies, music; in international business, communication, diplomacy; and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics where English language serves as the global lingua franca. This linguistic imperialism can impact the representation of diverse cultures and languages, potentially marginalizing non-anglophone perspectives, and contributing to a global communication imbalance where non-native English speakers may face challenges in having their voices heard, and accessing resources and opportunities.
Hollywood, for example, has played a pivotal role in shaping global popular culture, sometimes overshadowing local cultural expressions.The global dissemination of anglophone movies and TV shows contributes to the perception of English culture as normative.This phenomenon has raised debates about cultural imperialism and the preservation of diverse cultural identities.
Neocolonialism
Шаблон:Main Anglocentrism also extends into the political and economic realms, where anglophone countries often hold significant influence in intergovernmental organizations like United Nations and financial institutions like International Monetary Fund and World Bank.This influence has implications for global policies, trade agreements, and the distribution of resources, prompting discussions about fairness and representation.
Criticism and challenges
Critics argue that Anglocentrism may perpetuate to cultural homogenization, stifling linguistic and cultural diversity through educational systems that prioritize anglocentric literature and history, leading to a distorted worldview that hinders mutual understanding among diverse societies. Additionally, some contend that it perpetuates an anglocentric worldview, limiting the understanding of alternative cultural paradigms. It may lead to the permanent indigenous linguicide and the marginalization of non-anglophone communities.
In conclusion, Anglocentrism remains a complex and debated phenomenon with far-reaching implications for global society. Acknowledging and addressing its impact is crucial for fostering inclusivity, understanding, and a more equitable world.
Counteraction and awareness
Efforts to counteract Anglocentrism include promoting multilingualism,[9] encouraging the translation of literature from indigenous languages, advocating representation of various cultures in global media and fostering a more inclusive approach of diverse cultural narratives in international relations. Global initiatives seek to create a more inclusive discourse that recognizes the value of non-English languages and perspectives.
References
Шаблон:English official language clickable map Шаблон:Territories of the British Empire
- ↑ Crystal, David. (2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Said, Edward. (1978). Orientalism. Vintage Books.
- ↑ Tomlinson, John. (2007). Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. Continuum International Publishing Group.
- ↑ Pennycook, A. (1994). The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language. Longman.
- ↑ Smith, J. (2005). "Anglocentrism and Its Discontents: The Production of Knowledge and the Challenge of the Global Intellectual." Journal of World History, 16(4), 437-457.
- ↑ Smith, J. (2005). "Anglocentrism: Unraveling the Threads." International Journal of Cultural Studies, 8(2), 123-140.
- ↑ Kim, A. (2010). "Language and Power: The Impact of English on Global Governance." Journal of International Affairs, 63(1), 89-106.
- ↑ Garcia, M. (2018). "Cultural Hegemony and Globalization: The Role of Anglocentrism." Global Studies Quarterly, 12(4), 567-584.
- ↑ García, O., & Baker, C. (2007). "Bilingual Education: An Introductory Reader." Multilingual Matters.
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