Английская Википедия:Angular (web framework)

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Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Infobox software Angular (also referred to as "Angular 2+") is a TypeScript-based, free and open-source single-page web application framework led by the Angular Team at Google and by a community of individuals and corporations. Angular is a complete rewrite from the same team that built AngularJS.

Differences between Angular and AngularJS

Файл:Architecture of an Angular 2 application.png

Architecture of an Angular application, services, and dependency injection

Google designed Angular as a ground-up rewrite of AngularJS.

• Angular does not have a concept of "scope" or controllers; instead, it uses a hierarchy of components as its primary architectural characteristic.
• Angular has a different expression syntax, focusing on "[ ]" for property binding, and "( )" for event binding
• Modularity – much core functionality has moved to modules
• Angular recommends the use of Microsoft's TypeScript language, which introduces the following features:
  • Static typing, including Generics
  • Type annotations
• Dynamic loading
• Asynchronous template compilations
• Iterative callbacks provided by RxJS.
• Support to run Angular applications on servers.

History

Angular 2.0 was announced at the ng-Europe conference 22–23 October 2014. The drastic changes in the 2.0 version created considerable controversy among developers. On April 30, 2015, the Angular developers announced that Angular 2 moved from Alpha to Developer Preview. Angular 2 moved to Beta in December 2015, and the first release candidate was published in May 2016. The final version was released on 14 September 2016.

On 13 December 2016 Angular 4 was announced, skipping 3 to avoid confusion due to the misalignment of the router package's version which was already distributed as v3.3.0. The final version was released on 23 March 2017.

Features in version 4.3:Шаблон:Citation needed

• Introducing HttpClient, a smaller, easier-to-use, and more powerful library for making HTTP Requests.
• New router life cycle events for Guards and Resolvers. Four new events: GuardsCheckStart, GuardsCheckEnd, ResolveStart, ResolveEnd join the existing set of life cycle events such as NavigationStart.
• Conditionally disable animations.

Angular 6 was released on 4 May 2018. This is a major release focused less on the underlying framework and more on the toolchain and on making it easier to move quickly with Angular in the future, like ng update, ng add, Angular Elements, Angular Material + CDK Components, Angular Material Starter Components, CLI Workspaces, Library Support, Tree Shakable Providers, Animations Performance Improvements, and RxJS v6.

On 18 October 2018, Angular 7 was released. This version had updates regarding Application Performance, Angular Material & CDK, Virtual Scrolling, Improved Accessibility of Selects, now supports Content Projection using web standard for custom elements, and dependency updates regarding Typescript 3.1, RxJS 6.3, Node 10 (still supporting Node 8).

Angular 8 was released on 28 May 2019. Featuring Differential loading for all application code, Dynamic imports for lazy routes, Web workers, TypeScript 3.4 support, and Angular Ivy as an opt-in preview. Angular Ivy opt-in preview includes:

• Generated code that is easier to read and debug at runtime
• Faster re-build time
• Improved payload size
• Improved template type checking
• Backwards compatibility

Angular 17 was released on November 8, 2023. Some new features include the new Application builder, a new syntax for control flow, a reworked learning and documentation website, and more.

Naming

The rewrite of AngularJS was called "Angular 2", but this led to confusion among developers. To clarify, the Team announced that separate names should be used for each framework with "AngularJS" referring to the 1.X versions and "Angular" without the "JS" referring to versions 2 and up.

Version History

Version	Release date	New features	Notes
Angular 17	November 8 2023	Application builder, a new syntax for control flow, and a re-worked learning and documentation website.
Angular 16	03 May 2023	Partial hydration for Angular Universal's Server-side rendering, experimental Jest support, and Esbuild-based build system for development servers.
Angular 15	November 16, 2022
Angular 14	2 June 2022	Typed forms, standalone components, and new primitives in the Angular CDK (component dev kit).
Angular 13	4 November 2021
Angular 12	12 May 2021	Deprecated support for Internet Explorer 11.
Angular 11	11 November 2020
Angular 10	24 June 2020	New Date Range Picker (Material UI library).
Angular 9	6 February 2020	Improved build times, enabling AOT on by default
Angular 8	28 May 2019	Differential loading for all application code, Dynamic imports for lazy routes, Web workers, TypeScript 3.4 support, and Angular Ivy as an opt-in preview.
Angular 7	18 October 2018	Updates regarding Application Performance, Angular Material & CDK, Virtual Scrolling, Improved Accessibility of Selects. Support for Content Projection using web standard for custom elements, and dependency updates regarding Typescript 3.1, RxJS 6.3 and Node 10.
Angular 6	4 May 2018
Angular 5	1 November 2017	Support for progressive web apps, a build optimizer and improvements related to Material Design.
Angular 4.3		New router life cycle events for Guards and Resolvers.	Minor release, meaning that it contains no breaking changes and that it is a drop-in replacement for Angular 4.x.x.
Angular 4	23 March 2017		Backward compatible with Angular 2.
Angular 2	14 September 2016

Future releases

Since v9, the Angular team has moved all new applications to use the Ivy compiler and runtime. They will be working on Ivy to improve output bundle sizes and development speeds.

Each version is expected to be backward-compatible with the prior release. The Angular development team has pledged to do twice-a-year upgrades.

Support policy and schedule

All the major releases are supported for 18 months. This consists of 6 months of active support, during which regularly-scheduled updates and patches are released. It is then followed by 12 months of long-term support (LTS), during which only critical fixes and security patches are released.

Supported Angular Versions

Version	Status	Released	Active Ends	LTS Ends
^17.0.0	Active	Nov 08, 2023	May 08, 2024	May 15, 2025
^16.0.0	LTS	May 03, 2023	Nov 08, 2023	Nov 08, 2024
^15.0.0	LTS	Nov 18, 2022	May 03, 2023	May 18, 2024

Angular versions v2 to v14 are no longer under support.

Libraries

Angular Material

Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Expand section Angular Material is a UI component library that implements Material Design in Angular.

Angular Elements

In 2018, Angular 6 introduced Angular Elements that lets you package your Angular components as custom web elements, which are part of the web components set of web platform APIs.

See also

• React (software)
• Vue.js
• Svelte
• Comparison of JavaScript-based web frameworks
• Web framework

External links

• Official website
• Archived website (Angular 2)

Шаблон:Application frameworks Шаблон:ECMAScript Шаблон:NodeJs Шаблон:Google FOSS