Английская Википедия:Anscar of Spoleto
Anscar (Italian Anscario; died 940) was a magnate in the Kingdom of Italy who served as Count of Pavia (c. 924–29), Margrave of Ivrea (929–36) and Duke of Spoleto (936–40). He is sometimes numbered "Anscar II" to distinguish him from his grandfather, Anscar I of Ivrea. Described by Liutprand of Cremona as courageous and impulsive, he died in the battle of Spoleto.Шаблон:Sfn
Family
Anscar was a member of the Anscarid dynasty, a younger son of Margrave Adalbert I of Ivrea by his second wife, Ermengarde of Tuscany, a daughter of Adalbert II of Tuscany by his second wife, Bertha.Шаблон:Sfn He was a nephew of King Hugh in two ways. He was married to Willa, daughter of Margrave Boso of Tuscany, Hugh's brother, and thus Hugh's nephew by marriage.Шаблон:Sfn His maternal grandmother was also Hugh's mother.Шаблон:Sfn According to Valerie Eads, he was born around 915,Шаблон:Sfn a date at odds with Margherita Bertolini.Шаблон:Sfn
There is no reliable record of Anscar fathering any children. He is most likely the father of one Amadeus of Mosezzo. According to the speculations of some, he is the likely father of the counts of Pombia, Amadeus and Dado, which would make him, by the latter, the grandfather of King Arduin of Italy.Шаблон:Sfn
Count of Pavia
Anscar was probably the count of Pavia—the historical capital of Italy—during his father's lifetime. Like the rest of his family, he supported the claim of Rudolf II of Burgundy to the Italian throne in opposition to Berengar I, and supported Rudolf's invasion in 922. A document of 18 August 924, issued at Pavia, Anscar is a "beloved follower" (dilectus fidelis) of Rudolf and an "illustrious count" (inluster comes), probably of Pavia itself.Шаблон:Sfn This charter was issued to the church of San Giovanni Domnarum di Pavia, which had been ruined by the invading Magyars.Шаблон:Sfn On 5 December at Pavia, Anscar and his elder half-brother, Berengar interceded with Rudolf on behalf of Oberto, the viscount of Asti. In this charter Anscar also bears the Latin title comes (count). At the brothers' request, Rudolf granted the old castle of Asti and some other properties there to Oberto.Шаблон:Sfn
Margrave of Ivrea
At his father's death in 929, Anscar acceded to the march of Ivrea.Шаблон:Sfn He and his family abandoned Rudolf in favour of Hugh, who allowed Anscar to keep Ivrea. Hugh probably took the initiative in cultivating ties between him and the Anscarids by marrying his niece, Willa, to Anscar around 931. Hugh may even have expanded the territory of Ivrea in 933–34 by adding the area between the Ticino and Adda rivers, taken from the march of Lombardy.Шаблон:Sfn In May 933 Anscar purchased the castle of None in the region of Asti, calling himself "its margrave" (ipsius marchionis).Шаблон:Sfn In June 936 he purchased the old castle that had belonged to Oberto from the viscount's son, Guido, then a cleric of the church of Milan.Шаблон:Sfn Among his responsibilities as margrave would have been the defence of the region against Magyar incursions from the east and Saracen incursions from the west.Шаблон:Sfn
It is possible that Anscar took part in Hugh's assembly of bishops and laymen that met at Verona on 12 February 928 to reorganise the dioceses affected by the Magyar invasions. He was certainly present in Pavia, along with the king and his heir, Lothair, on 15 September 935 at a placitum held by the count of the palace Sarlio to recognise the new possessions of the diocese of Parma, including some at Loculo in Tuscany that once belonged to Anscar's grandfather Adalbert.Шаблон:Sfn
Duke of Spoleto
After the death of Duke Theobald I of Spoleto, a nephew (nepos) of the king, on 15 February 936, Hugh removed Anscar from Ivrea in favour of his half-brother and re-posted him to Spoleto.Шаблон:Sfn This move, coming at the same time the Hugh removed his brother Boso from the march of Tuscany, may have been spurred by the king's poor relations with Alberic of Rome, whom he accused of conspiring with Boso. By installing his own son, Hubert, in Tuscany and Anscar in Spoleto, Hugh could contain Alberic.Шаблон:Sfn A different, but contemporary, interpretation from Bishop Liutprand of Cremona, considers Anscar's transfer a sign of royal disfavour with the Anscarid family, since Anscar would be far removed from his own properties in Spoleto.Шаблон:Sfn
In 939, Hugh began occupying the former Exarchate of Ravenna, which had been under Roman control. Since the Spoletan dukes were traditionally autonomist, it is not unlikely that this move that brought the domain of royal control closer both to Anscar and to Alberic drove the two into an alliance.Шаблон:Sfn Whatever the case, by the spring of 940 Hugh had turned against Anscar.Шаблон:Sfn According to Liutprand, he gave money to Sarlio to raise opposition to Anscar. With the support of the widow of the previous duke, Sarlio obtained information and followers in Spoleto.Шаблон:Sfn At a date unspecified, Sarlio raised a revolt against Anscar, who left the city of Spoleto to engage him. Outnumbered, his troops were defeated at the battle of Spoleto and Anscar killed while leading them in the second attack.Шаблон:Sfn Sarlio was put in charge of the duchy of Spoleto.
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